Download - HTI2121 Neck Pain
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Neck pain
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Project HT2121
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Global overview considering the problem as muscular
Objectives:
1. Identification of the muscles used to hold the head up.
2. Modelling of the situation by considering the main muscles.
3. Draw the free body diagram.4. Calculate the forces and moments.
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
1. Identification of the muscles used to hold the head up:
According to the references, only the trapezius and the semispinalis acts as the main
muscle used to keep the head up. However, to simply the problem we will considerthese muscles as a group and therefore a unique force.
Sagittalplane Coronal plane
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
2. Modelling of the situation by considering the main muscles:
Situation A Situation B Situation selected
Asumption: Position of the arm does not affected the neck position
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
3. Free body diagram: The objective is to use the information
on muscles and positions to simplify the problem
Asumption: Position of the arm does not affected the neck position
x
y
+
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
4. Calculations: The main obstacle will be to determine the
distance a by using the angles and and the distance c
(1)
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
4. Calculations:
(2)
(3)
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Microscopic view considering the problem
as skeletal.
Remark: Same objectives as previously
Cervical vertebrae: C1 to C7
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General analysisDefinition of the problem and modelling:
Cervical disc
Macroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Realview Model Closer look
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General analysisModelling and free body diagram:
Macroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Calculations: using the same principle as previously
Remark: In a first place, the muscle force or the joint force have to be known to determine
the numerical value of the force pressing on the cervical discs.
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
A student, sat at his desk, is reading his ipad. He remains
still and straight on the coronal plane but his body and
neck are inclined on the sagittal plane. The Student feels
pain after a few hours in this position. What happened?
Situation for the case study:
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Equations found:
Macroscopic view:
Microscopic view:
Application of the previously found equation to a real case:
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Asumptions and numerical data:
The mass of the head is around 5 kg (Whead=50N)
The mass of the neck is around 1kg (Wneck=10N)
The attach point of the muscle is located 2cm away from the back of the head.
(b=2cm)
The center of gravity is located 15 cm away from the back of the head
(c+b=15cm then c=13cm)
The inclination angle of the spinal cord is around 5 (bta=10)
The inclination angle of the neck is around 25 (alpha=25)
The center of gravity of neck is located in the middle of its lenght (d=a=7cm)
The radius of a cervical disc is about 8 cm (m=8cm)
Application of the previously found equation to a real case:
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General analysisMacroscopic view
Microscopic view
Case study
Calculations and conclusion
6 times the weight
of the head
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References http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2006/DmitriyGekhman.shtml
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/patient-information-neck-pain
https://www.mylifestages.org/healthcenter/Articles.page?R=sw3-82385
http://athletics.wikia.com/wiki/Planes_of_Motion
http://articles.cnn.com/2011-02-01/tech/the.daily.peek_1_ipad-apple-s-app-store-top-stories?_s=PM:TECH
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1166429/pdf/janat0019
0-0115.pdf http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=139445
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