How to Give a Presentation

Ron Davies

February 19, 2010

Hints

1. Dress nicely.

2. Limit the number of slides.

3. Make the first slide creative.

Tax Competition in anTax Competition in anExpanding EUExpanding EU

Ron Davies (UCD)and

Johannes Voget (Oxford and Heidelburg)

FDI in Space

Bruce A. Blonigen, Ronald B. Davies, Glen R. Waddell, and Helen Naughton

Department of Economics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1285, USA

This Draft: November 2005

Hints

4. Use color.

5. Font size is critical.

Font Size

This is 36 This is 28 This is 24 This is 20 This is 16 This is 12 This is 10

Hints

6. Avoid lots of text.

How many of you are listening right now?

We develop the first theory driven weighting scheme for use in international taxation for our econometrics

– Anselin (1988) notes need for theory to choose weights, theory specified weights are important

– Improves on existing literature which finds weak evidence of tax competition, at best significant coefficients 50% of the time.

– Our weights are driven by market potential, i.e. the domestic market plus access to other countries, including the parent country

Baldwin and Krugman (EER, 2004)

This is better.

We develop the first theory driven weighting scheme for our econometrics– Anselin (1988) notes need for theory to choose

weights– Improves on existing literature which finds weak

evidence of tax competition.– Weights driven by market potential, i.e. the

domestic market plus access to others Baldwin and Krugman (EER, 2004)

Hints

7. Limit animation.

This looks really stupid.

This takes forever to show up.

The Striptease

It

Isn’t

As

Cool

As

You

Hoped.

Hints

8. Explain what and why in the first few slides.

Our Goal

Is there empirical evidence for– Tax competition overall?

Does the tax in one country depend on the taxes set elsewhere?

– An impact of EU expansion on tax competition?

Answer: yes on both counts– Taxes in one country depend on taxes in others– EU members are more sensitive to the taxes of other

members than they are to non-members

Hints

9. Use a roadmap.

Road map

Theory: what weights to use? Data/Empirical approach Results Robustness Checks Conclusion

Hints

10. Lit reviews

Only tell them what’s critical

Don’t use lists

Give where it’s from

Baldwin and Krugman (EER, 2004)

Hints

11. Read your equations

3 3 3

,1 1 1

( ) 1 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )l l l j j l j l j j lj j j

i t p i q i w q i c q i i

Hints

12. Use maps, flow charts, etc.

FDI Motivations: Export Platform

Parent Host A

Host B

Host C

FDITrade

Spatial Lag: Negative

Market Potential Effects: Positive

Profits as a function of fuel intensity

Hints

13. Use parts of tables

Robustness ChecksRobustness ChecksOnly European Countries Only 1995-2005

Non-EU Spatial Lagl,t 0.805*** 0.481*** 2.669*** 0.786*(0.198) (0.178) (0.538) (0.473)

EUl,t *Non-EU Sp Lagl,t -0.642*** -0.230* -0.448* -0.074(0.183) (0.126) (0.252) (0.115)

EU Spatial Lagl,t 1.055 0.796** 3.993*** 1.290*(0.686) (0.376) (0.783) (0.684)

EUl,t *EU Spatial Lagl,t 0.491 0.063 -0.072 -0.281(0.534) (0.325) (0.327) (0.199)

Market Potentiall,t 0.207*** 3.432*** 0.108*** 2.274***(0.029) (0.805) (0.015) (0.757)

Gov. Expendituresl,t-1 0.422*** -0.093 0.337*** -0.598***(0.050) (0.127) (0.064) (0.166)

Urbanl,t 0.544*** 0.188 1.119*** 0.563(0.125) (0.299) (0.137) (0.448)

Dependencyl,t -1.882*** -0.977*** -1.055*** 0.261(0.261) (0.162) (0.204) (0.319)

EUl,t -0.167 -0.559** -0.688* -0.755***(0.488) (0.282) (0.375) (0.217)

Opennessl,t 0.051*** 0.229 0.005 0.318(0.012) (0.273) (0.007) (0.237)

Trendt 0.019 -0.108*** 0.167*** -0.050(0.022) (0.033) (0.038) (0.050)

Constant -6.593*** -38.940*** -3.763*** -24.943***(0.791) (8.530) (0.672) (7.221)

Observations 516 516 395 395R-squared 0.500 0.878 0.424 0.877Fixed Effects No Yes No Yes

Robustness ChecksRobustness Checks

Only European Countries Only 1995-2005Non-EU Spatial Lagl,t

0.805*** 0.481*** 2.669*** 0.786*

(0.198) (0.178) (0.538) (0.473)EUl,t *Non-EU Sp Lagl,t

-0.642*** -0.230* -0.448* -0.074

(0.183) (0.126) (0.252) (0.115)EU Spatial Lagl,t 1.055 0.796** 3.993*** 1.290*

(0.686) (0.376) (0.783) (0.684)EUl,t *EU Spatial Lagl,t

0.491 0.063 -0.072 -0.281

(0.534) (0.325) (0.327) (0.199)

Observations 516 516 395 395R-squared 0.500 0.878 0.424 0.877Fixed Effects No Yes No Yes

Hints

14. What is the unit of observation? Why show them a table of summary statistics? And use stars!

Countries in the SampleCountries in the SampleCountry First Year Joined EU Country First Year Joined EUAustralia 1982 - Korea 1996 -Austria*† 1982 1995 Latvia* 1996 2004Belgium*† 1982 1957 Lithuania* 1996 2004Bulgaria* 1994 2007 Luxembourg*† 1991 1957Canada 1980 - Malta* 1989 2004China 1991 - Mexico 1995 -Cyprus* 1994 2004 Netherlands*† 1980 1957Czech Republic* 1991 2004 New Zealand 1991 -Denmark*† 1986 1973 Norway* 1982 -Estonia* 1994 2004 Poland* 1992 2004Finland*† 1982 1995 Portugal*† 1982 1986France*† 1980 1957 Slovak Republic* 1991 2004Germany*† 1980 1957 Slovenia* 1995 2004Greece*† 1980 1981 Spain*† 1980 1986Hungary* 1991 2004 Sweden*† 1982 1995Iceland 1992 - Switzerland* 1982 -Ireland*† 1980 1973 UK*† 1980 1973Italy*† 1980 1957 United States 1980 -Japan 1980 -

Robustness ChecksRobustness Checks

Only European Countries Only 1995-2005Non-EU Spatial Lagl,t

0.805*** 0.481*** 2.669*** 0.786*

(0.198) (0.178) (0.538) (0.473)EUl,t *Non-EU Sp Lagl,t

-0.642*** -0.230* -0.448* -0.074

(0.183) (0.126) (0.252) (0.115)EU Spatial Lagl,t 1.055 0.796** 3.993*** 1.290*

(0.686) (0.376) (0.783) (0.684)EUl,t *EU Spatial Lagl,t

0.491 0.063 -0.072 -0.281

(0.534) (0.325) (0.327) (0.199)

Observations 516 516 395 395R-squared 0.500 0.878 0.424 0.877Fixed Effects No Yes No Yes

Hints

15. Conclusion slide.

What and why

What should they walk out remembering?

ConclusionConclusion

We find robust evidence of tax competition for mobile capital– Note: This is not the only interpretation of the positive

spatial lag.

Trade agreements affect tax competition– Non-EU respond the same to both– EU responds more to EU than non-EU

Hints

16. Practice!

17. Handling questions.

18. Know your audience.

19. Look at your audience.

Hints

20. Snapshot in pdf.

Summary

Good presenting skills are just that – a skill

Practice and effort critical

How you present yourself gets (and loses) jobs