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How Do We Determine Who We Are Voting For?
Redistricting
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It Really is a Puzzle
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Guidelines for Districts
• What guidance does the Constitution give? −General Ticket System
−Single Member District
−At-Large
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1842• Removal of General Election System
• State Legislatures
• Continuous Territory
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1872• Population
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US States Based Correlated with Country
Population
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1901• Compact Territory
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7th Congressional District Becomes the 10th Congressional
District
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Gerrymandering
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Definition• Drawing district boundaries to
the advantage of one group over another.
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Why Gerrymander?• Concentrate opposition in as few districts as
possible.
• Spread out the opposition and mix them with your majority.
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Baker v Carr (1962)
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960
2020616
2184789 2337885
2616556
2915841 329718 3567089
Tennessee Population
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Baker v Carr (1962)
• Congressional districts hadn’t been changed since 1901.
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Wesberry v Sanders (1964)
• Rural v Urban Representation
• Article I, Section 2
− Apportioned by respective numbers
− One Man, One Vote
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Political Commentary
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Ohio Redistricting• Apportionment Board
− Governor− Secretary of State− State Auditor− One representative of the Speaker of the House− One member of the opposite party
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Ohio’s 2010 Apportionment Board
Governor John Kasich R
Chair
Auditor David Yost R
Vice Chair
Jon Husted R Armond Budish D
Thomas Niehaus R
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Shifting Population
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1990 Census Congressional Districts
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2000 Census Congressional Districts
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Comparing 1990 and 2000
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2010 Census Districts/ Election 2012
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2000 Census Congressional Districts