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(How can we identify which (How can we identify which mineral is which?)mineral is which?)
8 Ways to Identify 8 Ways to Identify MineralsMinerals
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1. Color1. Color
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2. Luster2. Luster• the way the the way the
mineral’s surface mineral’s surface reflects light. reflects light.
• metallic, earthy, metallic, earthy,
waxy, greasy, glassywaxy, greasy, glassy
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LusterLuster
• Resinous lusterResinous luster
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Discuss…Discuss…
• How is How is lusterluster different from different from colorcolor??
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3. Streak-- the color of the 3. Streak-- the color of the powderpowder
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Streak – the color of the powderStreak – the color of the powder
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-Cleavage-Cleavage -breakage occurs along smooth,flat surfaces
4. The way 4. The way the mineral the mineral breaksbreaks
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Examples of CleavageExamples of Cleavage
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--FractureFracture• Breakage Breakage
occurs in occurs in curved or curved or irregular irregular shapesshapes
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5. Hardness5. Hardness• resistance to resistance to
scratchingscratching
• Mohs Hardness Mohs Hardness Scale 1-10Scale 1-10
Diamond 1010
(Hardest)
Talc-- 11 ( (SOFTEST)
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6. Density6. Density• Minerals have Minerals have
different densitiesdifferent densities
• How much MASS How much MASS something has in something has in relation to its sizerelation to its size
Pyrite= 5.01g/cm3
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7. Crystal 7. Crystal SystemsSystems• Minerals can Minerals can
form form different different shaped shaped crystals with crystals with varying varying numbers of numbers of sides.sides.
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8. Special Properties8. Special Properties• Some properties only Some properties only
apply to a few types of apply to a few types of mineralsminerals
• Fluorescence• Magnetism• Chemical Reactions• Taste• Optical Properties• Radioactivity
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example of optical propertiesexample of optical properties
Calcite
Quartz