Download - History of Remote Sensing
HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
Course: Introduction to RS & DIP
Mirza Muhammad WaqarContact:
[email protected]+92-21-34650765-79 EXT:2257
RG610
Outlines
Remote Sensing Early Aerial Photography Bavarian Pigeon Corps Baloon Observations Kites Observations Advancement in Photography
Fill Roll Mounting Camera on Aircraft Aerial Image Analysis Satellite Remote Sensing
Remote Sensing
Acquiring information about an object without being in physical contact with that object.
Remote Sensing is the science and art of obtaining information about an object, area or phenomena through the analysis of data acquired by a devise that is not in contact with the object. (Lillisand, 2007)
Remote Sensing
Remote sensing is defined as the science of Acquiring Processing Interpreting
Images and related data, obtained from aircraft and satellite that record the interaction between metter and electromagnetic radiations. (Floyd, 1999)
5
To gain overview of an area
To gather information on large areas in short time
To gather information cost-effectively
To gather information on inaccessible places
To replace conventional sources of information (topo-sheets, census data etc.)
Why Remote Sensing?
6
Why Remote Sensing?
Camera Obscura (conceived by Aristotle 300 BC; Used by Roger Bacon 1300)
Daguerre, 1839 Eadweard Muybridge, 1872
1850
Joseph-Nicéphore Niépce, September, 1824
Louis Daguerre, 1830s
Early aerial photographs
Gaspard Tournachon (aka Nadar) 1859 – Balloon photos for land surveys
These early photos mainly served as novelties and curiosities;
Inability to control altitude and flight path presented obstacles.
NARA
Bavarian Pigeon Corps (1903)
San Francisco, 1906
NARA
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
CHICACO HISTORICAL SOCETY
George Lawrence developed a system to use multiple kites to fly a panoramic camera
Roll Film
George Eastman (1854-1932), transformed photography from an expensive hobby to an inexpensive and immensely popular pastime.
1884: Eastman patented the first practical roll film.
1888: He perfected the Kodak camera, designed specifically for roll film.
1892: He established the Eastman Kodak Company, one of the first firms to mass-produce standardized photography equipment.
Early Airplane Photography (1909)
The camera and the airplane were not designed to be used with each other– an uneasy partnership for a long time.
• First conflict to focus upon mechanized weaponry;
• Fixed lines across the western front- conventional reconnaissance blinded;
• Artillery became the principal combat arm;
• Aviation in its infancy;
• Photography still in its youth;
• Aviation and photography not integrated.
World War IIncubator of aerial photography
Balloon Observation
1. Infantry liaison;
2. Artillery rélage;
3. Aerial observation and photography.
Aerial observation and photography soon became the primary foci, with increasing significance assigned to the photographic mission.
Aerial Observation Missions
Aerial observers were trained to report against a detailed checklist; photography was ancillary to the observation mission.
Fuselage-Mounted Cameras
supplymagazine
exposed plates
handle advancesunexposed plates
early innovations in aerial camera design
Aerial Camera
Experiments with Camera Mounts
Fixing Camera
Aerial Image Analysis
TIROS, 1960
TIROS was an experimental program to investigate the feasibility of observing cloud cover and weather patterns from space.
NIMBUS 5, 1972
TELEVISION INFRARED OBSERVATION SATELLITE, 1960
NASA
Landsat 3, 1978
NASA
Landsat 4, 1982
NASA
Landsat 7, 1999
CNES
SPOT 5, 2002
EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITES, 1972
Instrumentation and processing innovations led to images with extraordinarily fine spatial and spectral resolution
JPL
JPL
JPL
HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING, 1985
Global Remote Sensing
Questions & Discussion