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Simulation of the Electromagnetic Fields and its Properties
With Free-space and Dielectrics Using the FDTD Method
Mark E. Eckman
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FDTD Method For Simulation of an EM Pulse
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• They are equations of a plane wave with the electric field (E) oriented in the x-direction, and the magnetic field (H) oriented in the y-direction.
• The wave itself travels in the z-direction
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Central Difference Approximations for Temporal and Spatial Derivatives
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EM Pulse Plots (Breakdown After 100 Time Steps)
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Modifying the Pulse Shape
Step Size Ratio Changed To 1 Removed Square on Exponent
exp(((t-t0)/)2) exp(-0.5((t-t0)/))
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EM Propagation in a Lossy Dielectric Slab
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FDTD Method for EM Propagation in a Lossy Dielectric
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Dielectric and Conductivity Limits
Setting the dielectric constant to a very large value, while setting the conductivity
to a very small value- or vice versa
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Absorbing Boundary Conditions
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• Removing these boundary conditions entirely:
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Conclusions
• The FDTD is a hands on method to visualize the interactions of electromagnetic waves and materials.