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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Healthy mouths for young adults
Presenter
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
We’ll be looking at Tooth decay
• What it looks like
• What causes it
• How you can stop it from happening
How to look after your own teeth
How to look after your mouth
Healthy Eating
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
We use our teeth for
• Eating
• Smiling
• Speaking
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Tooth decay
…is one of the most common diseases
…largely, it can be prevented
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Stages of tooth decay
Healthy teeth
Starts as small brown or white lesion
See a dental
professional
now
Enamel breaks down
exposing the dentine –
painful!
Get URGENT
dental treatment
now
Rampant, widespread
decay
Root caries can be more common in some of our population as
gum recession exposes root surfaces not protected by enamel
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
What can cause tooth decay?
• Eating and drinking lots of sugary snacks and drinks
• Not brushing teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Decay
Tooth, plaque bacteria + food = decay
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Impact of sugar on the teeth
Demineralisation
Remineralisation
Oa
tca
ke
Gla
ss o
f w
ate
r
with
an
ap
ple
Gla
ss o
f w
ate
r
with
to
ast a
nd
ch
op
ped
ch
err
y
tom
ato
es
Bre
akfa
st
with
su
ga
r
Lu
nch
with
su
ga
r
Din
ne
r/te
atim
e
with
su
ga
r
Neutral
pH
Alkaline
pH
Acid pH
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Detrimental eating pattern for teeth
Bre
akfa
st
with
su
ga
r
Lu
nch
with
su
ga
r
Din
ne
r/te
atim
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with
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Bis
cuit
Ca
ke
Me
dic
atio
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Bis
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Co
ffe
e w
ith
su
ga
r
Cup
s o
f te
a w
ith
su
ga
r
Alkaline
pH
Neutral
pH
Acid pH
Remineralisation
Demineralisation
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
How to prevent tooth decay
Eat well Drink well
Clean well
Play well Stay well
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Eatwell
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Healthy snacks
Bread Breadsticks
Vegetables
Fruit Sandwiches Crackers
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Snacks that should be kept to mealtimes
Dried fruit
Biscuits
Sweets Cakes
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Drink well
Only have tap water between meals. Rinsing mouth with water after
eating is a good way to help prevent decay. Sugary drinks can cause
decay and wearing away of teeth.
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Drinks that damage your teeth
Low sugar doesn’t mean no sugar. Sugary and acidic drinks can
damage teeth – it’s best to avoid these drinks or at least have them with
a meal
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Clean well
• Cleaning between teeth (interdental) with floss or mini bottle brushes
• Brush teeth twice a day to stop decay and gum disease. Last thing at night and at one other time during the day
• Use a small, medium textured bristle toothbrush
• Use fluoride toothpaste > 1350 ppm (see on tube)
• Spit out the toothpaste but don’t rinse
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Toothbrushing
1 2
3 4
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Gum disease
Gum disease is caused by the build up of plaque. A lack of brushing will
compound the problem.
– Bleed more easily
– Smelly
– Risk of toothloss
Requires high standard of oral hygiene
1. Thorough tooth brushing
2. Interdental cleaning
3. Regular dental checks
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Progression of gum disease
Periodontitis
Some health conditions make individuals more
susceptible to gum problems
Healthy gums Gingivitis
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Disclosing tablets
Disclosing plaque on your teeth is an
effective way of improving your
toothbrushing.
- Brush teeth
- Chew disclosing tablet
- Spit excess saliva out
- The staining shows the areas on the teeth
that you’ve missed when brushing
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Toothbrushing
1 2
3 4
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Change your toothbrush every three months
• Pressure should not be more
than small orange
• Change brush every three
months or when the bristles
start to splay
• Don’t share toothbrushes – this
can spread bacteria
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Interdental cleaning
• For reaching in between the
teeth where the tooth brush
does not reach
• Reduces the chances of decay
(in between teeth) and gum
disease
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Play well
• Encourage the use of a good
fitting mouthguard for contact
sports
• If you hurt your mouth or teeth get
advice straight away
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Oral cancer
If in doubt, get
it checked out!
Risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and HPV
(human papilloma virus)
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Drugs
After
Before
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Drug use
• Xerostomia – dry
mouth
• High decay rate
• Tooth loss
• Taste impairment
• Burning mouth
• Eating difficulties
• Infections
• Gum disease
• Cannabis – oral cancer
• Heroin – dental decay
even if oral hygiene is
good
• Cocaine – perforation of
palate & gum recession
• MDMA - grinding
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Piercings
• Infection
• Cysts
• Nerve damage
• Increase risk of hepatitis, HIV,
tetanus
• Damage to teeth
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Eating disorders
• Eating disorders are often
noticed by a dentist
• The patient doesn’t get all of
the essential vitamins needed
for healthy gums
• Often lips and soft tissues are
affected – they can become red
and blistered with sores
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Visit the dentist regularly
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Think carefully
• Unhealthy eating
• Smoking
• Excess alcohol
• Drugs
• Piercing
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Oral health improvement team Oral Health Improvement Team
Salaried Dental Service
Third Floor Dental Access Centre
Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree)
Gladstone Road
Exeter
EX1 2ED
Email: [email protected]
Tel: 01392 405705
www.healthyteethdevon.nhs.uk
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Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust
Questions?