Download - Healthy Ageing across the Life Course: Findings from the HALCyon Collaborative Research Programme
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Healthy Ageing across the Life Course: Findings from the HALCyon Collaborative Research Programme
Rachel Cooper on behalf of Diana Kuh and the HALCyon study team
November 2010
GSA’s 63rd Annual Scientific Meeting, New Orleans
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HALCyon study team
Diana Kuh, Avan Aihie Sayer, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Ian Day, Ian Deary, Jane Elliott, Catharine Gale, James Goodwin,Rebecca Hardy, Alison Lennox, Marcus Richards, Thomasvon Zglinicki, Cyrus Cooper, Panos Demakakos, JohnGallacher, Richard Martin, Gita Mishra, Chris Power, PaulShiels, Humphrey Southall, John Starr, Andrew Steptoe,Kate Tilling, Geraldine McNeill, Leone Craig, CarmenMartin-Ruiz, Scott Hofer
Tamuno Alfred, Paula Aucott, Sean Clouston, RachelCooper, Mike Gardner, Emily Murray, Zeinab Mulla, SamParsons, Vicky Tsipouri
plus a Knowledge Transfer Steering Group and 19 national andinternational collaborators
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What is HALCyon?
A collaborative research programme: • 9 UK cohorts born early 1900’s to 1958 • 27 investigators, 8 doctoral and post-doctoral
researchers, 19 collaborators• Core project + 8 work packages • Funded from Sept 2008 – March 2012
Aim: to improve the lives of older people by understanding how healthy ageing is influenced by factors operating across the whole of life
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What is being studied?
Indicators of healthy ageing:
• Capability: the capacity to undertake the physical and mental tasks of daily living
• Wellbeing: psychological and social
• Underlying biology: physiology and genetics
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8 integrated work packages
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9 HALCyon cohorts
Cohort (birth yr/s) Birth Childhood Early Adulthood
Mid Adulthood
Late Adulthood
Lothian (1921)
Hertfordshire Ageing Study (1920-30)
Boyd Orr (1925-37)
Aberdeen (1936)
Hertfordshire Cohort Study (1931-39)
Caerphilly (1920-1934)
ELSA (early 1900s-1952/56)
NSHD (1946)
NCDS (1958)
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Analytical strategy
• Systematic review and possibly meta-analysis
• Across HALCyon cohorts – data harmonisation, consistent analysis and investigation of confounding variables
• In depth analysis in relevant specific cohorts to answer particular life course questions
Systematic review
Cross cohort
Indepth
analysis
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Physical capability measures in the HALCyon cohorts
Cohort Grip strength
Balance Chair rise
Get up and go
Walking speed
Lothian 1921 Xr X
HAS Xr X X X X
Boyd Orr X X
Aberdeen 1936 x X
HCS Xr X X X X
NSHD Xr Xr Xr X
ELSA Xr Xr Xr Xr
Caerphilly X X
NCDS
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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Overall (I-squared = 89.5%, p < 0.001)
Gale (B) (N=800 (756))
Al Snih (B) (N=2488 (507))
Syddall (B) (N=714 (52))
Takata* (B) (N=642 (94))
Study author/s (sex) (Total N (no. of deaths))
Rantanen (M) (N=6040 (2900))
Cawthon & Ensrud (M)(MrOS) (N=5631 (1070))
Shibata* (F) (N=221 (43))
Klein (B) (N=2612 (194))
Katzmarzyk (B) (N=8148 (269))
Sasaki (B) (N=4821 (2407))
Newman* (B) (N=2292 (286))
Cesari 2008* (B) (N=335 (71))
Shibata* (M) (N=192 (59))
Cawthon & Ensrud (F)(SOF) (N=9700 (5536))
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
0.99 (0.98, 1.00)
0.96 (0.95, 0.97)
0.95 (0.91, 0.99)
0.97 (0.93, 1.02)
HR (95% CI)
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
0.96 (0.95, 0.97)
0.99 (0.96, 1.02)
0.95 (0.93, 0.97)
0.98 (0.96, 1.00)
0.98 (0.97, 0.98)
0.97 (0.95, 0.99)
0.98 (0.96, 1.00)
1.00 (0.99, 1.01)
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
0.99 (0.98, 1.00)
0.96 (0.95, 0.97)
0.95 (0.91, 0.99)
0.97 (0.93, 1.02)
HR (95% CI)
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
0.96 (0.95, 0.97)
0.99 (0.96, 1.02)
0.95 (0.93, 0.97)
0.98 (0.96, 1.00)
0.98 (0.97, 0.98)
0.97 (0.95, 0.99)
0.98 (0.96, 1.00)
1.00 (0.99, 1.01)
0.97 (0.96, 0.98)
1.911 1 1.1
Hazards ratio per 1kg increase in grip strength
Hazards ratios of mortality per 1 kg increase in grip strength
Adjusted for age, sex, body size (or *multiple factors)
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BMJ 2010;341:c4467
Age and Ageing 2010 10.1093/ageing/afq117
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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Differences in grip strength by age and gender
0
10
20
30
40
50
NSHD53
ELSA50-59
ELSA60-69
HCS 60-69
HAS 63-69
HCS 70-73
HAS 70-73
ELSA70-79
LBC2178
LBC2183
ELSA80-89
ELSA90
Age ( years)
Mea
n (
Kg)
Men Women
Cooper et al, in preparation
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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Father's occupationLothian Birth Cohort 1921
Hertfordshire Ageing Study
Health and Retirement
Caerphilly Study PREHCO project
Boyd Orr
Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Hertfordshire Cohort Study
ELSA
Aberdeen 1936
Overall (I-squared = 72.3%, p < 0.01)
Study
MF MF MF MMF
M F M
F MF
M F M
F
Sex
79
76
75
7372
71
69
68
66
65
Mean age (y)
-0.26 (-0.47, -0.05)-0.24 (-0.38, -0.10)-0.06 (-0.16, 0.04)-0.01 (-0.14, 0.12)-0.13 (-0.18, -0.09)-0.14 (-0.18, -0.10)-0.06 (-0.09, -0.03)0.05 (-0.03, 0.12)0.01 (-0.05, 0.08)-0.03 (-0.11, 0.05)-0.04 (-0.11, 0.03)-0.12 (-0.26, 0.02)-0.13 (-0.24, -0.02)-0.06 (-0.09, -0.03)-0.04 (-0.11, 0.03)-0.16 (-0.20, -0.12)-0.12 (-0.16, -0.08)-0.04 (-0.15, 0.07)-0.13 (-0.22, -0.04)-0.08 (-0.11, -0.05)
Regression coefficient (95% CI)
Lower SEP=Worse function Better function 0-.4 -.2 .2
Difference in mean walking speed (m/s) comparing lowest with highest SEP
Childhood SEP and walking speed
Adjusted for age
Birnie, Cooper et al, in press
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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(I-squared = 65.9%, p < 0.01)
CaPs
ABC36
HCS
ABC36
HAS
ELSA
Study
HAS
(I-squared = 69.2%, p < 0.01)
Male
LBC21
ELSA
LBC21
HCS
Boyd Orr
Boyd Orr
Female
(I-squared = 67.5%, p < 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
-0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
-0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
reg.
0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
coeff. (95% CI)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
-0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
-0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
0.01 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (-0.00, 0.00)
0.00 (0.00, 0.01)
0.00 (0.00, 0.01)
poorer function better function 0-.04 -.02 0 .02 .04
Height
(I-squared = 47.4%, p = 0.03)
CaPs
(I-squared = 14.5%, p = 0.32)
HAS
ABC36ELSA
HAS
(I-squared = 53.7%, p = 0.06)
HCS
FemaleLBC21
ABC36
Boyd Orr
ELSA
Boyd Orr
Study
LBC21Male
HCS
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.02, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.02 (-0.03, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.02, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
coeff. (95% CI)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
reg.
-0.02 (-0.03, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.02, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.02 (-0.03, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.02, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.01)
-0.02 (-0.03, -0.00)
-0.01 (-0.01, -0.00)
poorer function better function 0-.04 -.02 0 .02 .04
Current BMI
Current BMI, height and walking speed (m/s)
Hardy et al, in preparation
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Body size across life and physical capability
Age
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Body size across life and physical capability
Age
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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Data on area from across life in NSHD
Birth 4 8 11 15 26 43 53 60+
Geocoded all Years
N=2634
Mid-life
N=2,955
Young adulthood
N=3,543
Childhood
N=4,698
Physical capability 53 years
N=2440
Murray et al, in preparation
1950 1972 1999
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Mean differences in balance time (log seconds) at age 53y by tertiles of area % unemployment at ages 26y and 53y in NSHD
% unemployment
1972 :
Low: 0.0 – 1.7,
Med: 1.8 - 2.4,
High: 2.4 – 6.8
1999:
Low: 0.0 – 3.6,
Med: 3.7 – 5.1,
High: 5.2 – 11.2
Low(ref)
High Tertile
Medium Tertile High
Tertile
Low(ref)
Medium Tertile
-0.40
-0.30
-0.20
-0.10
0.00
0.10
0.20
ln(
tim
e)
1972 1999
Murray et al, in preparationhttp://www.seniorsworldchronicle.com/2007_10_07_archive.html
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Physical capability
1) Are objective measures of PC useful markers of ageing?
2) What are the age and gender differences in PC?
3) Do childhood socioeconomic circumstances influence PC levels in adulthood?
4) How are body size and PC associated?
5) Does the area in which a person lives influence their PC?
6) Do specific genetic variants influence PC?
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Association between TERT SNP rs401681 and poor balance
Alfred et al, under review
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What we’ve learnt
• Compiling and harmonising data from multiple cohorts is challenging and takes a long time but….
• Results provide empirical evidence that is often more robust than that from an individual study
• Inter-cohort work should be used to complement more in-depth work conducted within individual studies
Physical capability levels:• predict survival and subsequent morbidity• differ by gender and decline with age across UK cohorts• are influenced by childhood socioeconomic
circumstances• vary by body size and neighbourhood characteristics
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Other ongoing and future work
• Cognitive capability
• Inter-relationships between cognitive and physical capability
• Lifetime nutrition and capability
• Social and psychological wellbeing
• Qualitative study- Comparisons between cohorts onthe meaning & experience of ageing
• HPA axis and cortisol levels
• Telomere length- repeat measures on large sample sizes- interlab comparisons
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www.halcyon.ac.uk
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Acknowledgements
The HALCyon study team
Diana Kuh, Tamuno Alfred, Kate Birnie, Rebecca Hardyand Emily Murray
New Dynamics of Ageing and UK Medical Research Council
Contact: [email protected]