![Page 1: Harold G. Kirk Brookhaven National Laboratory Target Considerations for Nufact and Superbeams ISS Meeting RAL April 26, 2006](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c244cc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Harold G. KirkBrookhaven National Laboratory
Target Considerations for Nufact and Superbeams
ISS Meeting
RAL April 26, 2006
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Harold G. Kirk
Main Study Parameter
Design for:
4 MW
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Harold G. Kirk
Driving Target Issues
Meson Production Proton Beam Pulse Length Proton Beam Structure
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Harold G. Kirk
Stephen Brook’s Analysis
Pions counted at rod surface
B-field ignored within rod (negligible effect)
Proton beam assumed parallel Circular parabolic distribution, rod radius
20cm
1cmSolid Tantalum
Protons
Pions
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Harold G. Kirk
Yield of ± and K± in MARS
2.2
Ge
V
3G
eV
4G
eV
20
Ge
V
30
Ge
V
40
Ge
V5
0G
eV
75
Ge
V
10
0G
eV
12
0G
eV
15
Ge
V
10
Ge
V
8G
eV
6G
eV
5G
eV
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
1 10 100 1000
Proton Energy (GeV)
Pio
ns
or
Ka
on
s p
er
Pro
ton
.Ge
V (
tota
l e
mit
ted
)
pi+/(p.GeV)
pi-/(p.GeV)
pi+/(p.GeV)pi-/(p.GeV)
K+/(p.GeV)
K-/(p.GeV)
•No surprises in SPL region•Statistical errors small•1 kaon 1.06 muons
Finer sampling
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Harold G. Kirk
The Study 2 Capture Concept
Maximize Pion/Muon Production Soft-pion Production High Z materials High Magnetic Field Solenoid
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Harold G. Kirk
The Study2 Target System
Consider Liquid Hg
Count all the pions and muons that cross the transverse plane at z=50m.
For this analysis we select all pions and muons with KE< 0.35 GeV.
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Harold G. Kirk
Optimize Soft-pion Production using Hg
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Harold G. Kirk
Meson KE < 350 MeV at 50m
Mesons/Proton Mesons/Proton normalized to beam power
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Harold G. Kirk
Process mesons through Cooling
Consider mesons within acceptance ofε┴ = 30π mm and εL = 150π mmafter cooling
350 MeV
Use meson count with KE < 350 MeVas a figure of merit.
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Harold G. Kirk
Post-cooling 30π Acceptance
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Harold G. Kirk
Carbon Target Parameters Search
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Harold G. Kirk
Carbon Target Optimization
Set R=1.25cm; tilt angle = 50 mrad; Length=60cm; Z=-40cm
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Harold G. Kirk
Proton KE Scan with Carbon
Count mesons within acceptance of
ε┴ = 30π mm and
εL = 150π mm
after cooling
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Harold G. Kirk
Summary of Results
Compare Meson production for Hg at 24 GeV and 10 GeV
Compare Meson production for C at 24 GeV and 5 GeV
Compare Meson production for Hg at 10 GeV and C at 5 GeV
GeV
GeV
N
N
24
10
GeV
GeV
N
N
24
101.07 1.10
GeV
GeV
N
N
24
5
GeV
GeV
N
N
24
51.90 1.77
GeVC
GeVHg
N
N
5
10
GeVC
GeVHg
N
N
5
101.18 1.22
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Harold G. Kirk
Conclusion
Optimum Input Proton Beam Energy for Study2a configuration with Hg: 8 to 20 GeVSuperbeam proton beams energies:Mini-boone 8GeVBNL AGS 28 GeVJpark 30 to 50 GeVNumi 60 to 120 GeVCNGS 400 GeV
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Harold G. Kirk
Driving Target Issues
Meson Production Proton Beam Pulse Length Proton Beam Structure
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Harold G. Kirk
Proton Beam Pulse Length
Study 2a J. Gallardo, H. Kirk
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Harold G. Kirk
Conclusion
Optimum Proton Beam Pulse Length for Study2a configuration: 1nsSuperbeam proton beams energies:BNL AGS 28 GeV 10nsNumi 4 μsCNGS 2 x 5 μs
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Harold G. Kirk
Driving Target Issues
Meson Production Proton Beam Pulse Length Proton Beam Structure
![Page 21: Harold G. Kirk Brookhaven National Laboratory Target Considerations for Nufact and Superbeams ISS Meeting RAL April 26, 2006](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c244cc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Harold G. Kirk
Protons per pulse required for 4 MW
10 Hz 25 Hz 50 Hz
10 GeV 250 × 1012 100 × 1012 50 × 1012
20 GeV 125 × 1012 50 × 1012 25 × 1012
]Hz[feN]eV[E)w(Prep
arc
Proton Beam Intensity
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Harold G. Kirk
Shock Stress Analysis N. Simos
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Harold G. Kirk
SUMMARY of Performance
1 MW/50 Hz
12.0 e+12 ppp
YES
4 MW/50 Hz
48.0 e+12 ppp
NO
1 MW/200 Hz
3.0 e+12 ppp
YES
4 MW/200 Hz
12.0 e+12 ppp
MAYBE
Solid Targets
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Harold G. Kirk
5 X 50 Proton Beam Structure
Johnstone, Meot, Rees 10 GeV Proton Beam 50 Hz n = 5 sub-structure => 10 x 1012 protons (10TP) per micro-bunch Accelerate 3 to 10 GeV with harmonic 36 structure and frequency of 13.079-13.417 MHz Adiabatically compress to 2ns Further compress to 1ns with f=80.5 MHz and f=201.25MHz
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Harold G. Kirk
Pulse Delivery to Target
ΔT = 13 μs => 52 μs bunch structure
Liquid Target
ΔT = 65 μs => 260 μs bunch structure
Solid Target
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Harold G. Kirk
Muon Bunch Pattern in Decay Rings
.
148(133)
solid/liquid
80 μ+
80 μ+
80 μ+
80 μ+
80 μ+
127(!30)
127(130)
127(130)
127(130)
2 of 5 interleaved 80 μˉ
bunch trains of 2nd ring
80 full and 127 (or 130) empty RF buckets
> 100ns intervals