Download - Grid emission factor
CALCULATING GRID EMISSION FACTOR
http://girishshivakumar.wordpress.com/ Girish Shivakumar
On Emissions from Power Plants:
Power Generation (MWh)
Emission Factor (Tons CO2/MWh)
X=CO2 Emissions (tons CO2)
=
X
44g/moleCO2
12g/moleCX1 ton C
1 kgC
TJvol unit of fuel Xkg
CTJ
Xvol fuel consumed
Mwh output
conversion factors
Plant based- actual data
Carbon emission factor, per fuel type - IPCC
Net calorific value, country specific, per fuel type - IPCC
Emission Factor (Tons CO2/kWh)
GHG = EFP X
EMISSION FACTOR
Emission factor for a country/region depends on the energy mix in the country/region
METHODS TO CALCULATE THE GRID EMISSION FACTOR
As per the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) there are 4 ways to calculate the CO2 emissions Weighted average Simple operating margin Build Margin Combined Margin
METHODS TO CALCULATE THE GRID EMISSION FACTOR
Weighted average The weighted average emission factor describes the
average CO2 emitted per unit of electricity generated in the grid. It is calculated by dividing the absolute CO2 emissions of all power stations in the region by the region’s total net generation.
Simple operating margin The operating margin describes the average CO2
intensity of the existing stations in the grid which are most likely to reduce their output if a CDM project supplies electricity to the grid. The energy mix excludes low-cost power like hydro and renewable energy.
METHODS TO CALCULATE THE GRID EMISSION FACTOR
Build Margin Build margin is the grid mix of recent capacity additions
(newly installed plants) defined as lower of most recent 20% of plants built or the 5 most recently built plants.
Combined Margin The combined margin is a weighted average of the
simple operating margin and the build margin. By default, both margins have equal weights (50%).
A TYPICAL EXAMPLE
Consider a project case of 5MW of hydro power project in Assam in the North Eastern Region of India with an estimated annual generation of 17,500MWh.
What is the emission reduction in the grid by this project?
For this we will have to look at the latest grid emission factor for India
INDIAN GRID EMISSION FACTOR
According to the Indian Electricity Authority’s report of 2014 the grid emission factors for India for 2012-13 are as
A TYPICAL EXAMPLE CONTINUED
Consider that factor, Assam located in NE grid has a GEF of 0.82t CO2/MWh. Hence the absolute savings for the Hydro project in Assam is 0.82*17,500= 14,350 t CO2/yr
CALCULATING GRID EMISSION FACTOR
http://girishshivakumar.wordpress.com/
Girish Shivakumar