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Green urban delivery system with crowdsourcing using mobile phone
usage data
Thanh-Cong Dinh PhD Student
University of Trento, Italy
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Problem description
• Framework of methodology
• Current work
• Conclusion & Future work
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Motivation 1
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• Urban population rise
• Congestion
• Pollution
• Reduction in the level of service
• Transportation activities 34% of CO2 emissions EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas
Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2010 (2012)
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Motivation 2
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CITY AGENDA CITY GOVERNANCE
City Services People Businesses Water Communication Energy Transport
City Operations Systems
City User Systems
City Infrastructure Systems
Smart city assessment – IBM report 2009
‘Smart City’? Most rely on the use of technology and evidence to improve cities/services etc..
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Motivation 3
•Urban delivery service
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Motivation 4
• Monitoring of movement Better planning transportation
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“…refers to the act of taking a task traditionally performed by an employee or contractor, and outsourcing it to an undefined (generally large) group of people (i.e., the crowd) in the form of an open call”
(Jeff Howe, 2008)
The crowd is anyone with access the internet, and the right conditions include a virtual network and motivation (Jeff Howe, 2006)
Motivation 5
Crowdsourcing
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Motivation 6
• Green urban delivery with crowdsourcing
• Telecommunication data
• People moveing around the city
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Problem description
• Framework of methodology
• Current work
• Conclusion & Future work
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Problem Statement 1
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CDR record: • User ID • Cell-tower ID • Longitude and latitude of cell-tower • Time-stamp at which the call was made
Time t1 t2
UserID CellID LonLat Time
A 1 -4.1;5.34 t1
A 2 -3.9; 5.8 t2
Call Detail Records (CDRs)
Time t1 t2 t3
Spatial-temporal information at cell-tower level Spatial-temporal information at location level
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C1
C
Problem Statement 2
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B5,
C2
A1
A2
A3 A4 B4
C3
C4
Origination O
Destination T
Movement Location Cell-tower’s coverage
D C
B C
A B
B1
B
A
P1. Human mobility patterns: • Accurately identify periodical (e.g. daily,
weekly and monthly) movements of individuals, such as A1;A2;A3;A4?
P2. Delivery with crowdsourcing model: • Mitigate CO2 emissions • Satisfy the service level
B2
B3
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Problem description
• Framework of methodology
• Current work
• Conclusion & Future work
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Framework of methodology 1
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Simulation
Travel route optimization Policies
Green urban delivery system
Understanding behavior of passenger and pedestrian
Optimization models that minimize CO2 emissions and maximize service level
Maximize benefits of stakeholders
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Framework of methodology 2
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Understanding behavior human mobility: Data mining • Behavior of citizens
• Private, public vehicles • Pedestrian movement.
• Step by step applying new transportation model concepts. • Compare by simulation.
Crowds travel route optimization • Search for most common route of crowds (pedestrian, motorcycle, bicycle) who
join delivery network • Minimizes the travel time.
Integration of all transportation modes (e.g. people, public vehicle, car-sharing) • Delivery scheduling. • Multi-objectives: minimizing number of trips, maximizing service level.
Policies • Maximizing benefits of stakeholders (e.g. delivery providers, people) • Trust model: reduce risks of delivery.
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Problem description
• Framework of methodology
• Current work
• Conclusion & Future work
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D4D challenge
• Orange D4D challenge • Help address society development questions in novel • Contribute to the socio-economic development and well-being
• Call Detail Records (CDR)
• Phone calls, SMS exchanges • 5 million Orange customers in Ivory Coast • 5 Dec 2011 - 28 April 2012.
Understanding behavior human mobility
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D4D dataset
• High resolution trajectories
Individual movement trajectories are approximated from the geographic location of the cell-tower/sub-prefecture during calls.
user_id connection_datetime antenna_id
437690 2011-12-10 10:51:00 980
316462 2011-12-10 16:12:00 607
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Data Preprocessing
• Creating sequence of movement
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Event data
• Interesting regional and national events
Date Location Event Eventy type
Dec 25, 2011 Ivory Coast Christmas Day public holiday
Jan 01, 2012 Ivory Coast New Year's Day public holiday
Apr 25, 2012 Sakre Violence attack emergency event
Dec 17-18, 2011 Yale Violence attack emergency event
.. .. .. ..
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• Correlation
• Movements of
customers
• Social events
• Significant signs of events
• Location
• Time
Procedure:
1) Find abnormal cell-towers.
2) Check significant signs.
Analysis of human mobility
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users’ trajectory
cell-tower
abnormal
monitoring
Events
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Analysis of human mobility Tota
l nu
mbe
r of
dis
pla
cem
en
ts
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Analysis of human mobility
Vio
len
ce
Ch
ristm
as
New
Year
Carn
ival
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Analysis of human mobility
The New Year holiday
To
tal n
um
be
r o
f d
istin
ct vis
ito
rs
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Analysis of human mobility
One day before the Carnival
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Problem description
• Framework of methodology
• Current work
• Conclusions & Future work
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• Concept of green urban delivery with crowdsourcing
• Case of understanding movements of people
• Correlate human mobility to location, time, events
• On-working: Predict next location of user, upcoming events, …
Conclusions
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• bringBuddy concept: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwhbij0tDyw
Practical application: not validate yet
• Crowdsourcing Physical Package Delivery Using the Existing Routine Mobility of a Local Population. James Mclnerney, Alex Rogers, Nicholas R. Jennings. D4D
Challenge, NetMob 2013, May 1—3, 2013, MIT.
• Feasibility
• Routing: Markov decision process
• Mobility habits: Bayesian
• Simulation
Related works
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Thank you
Questions?
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