Download - GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 1
GLAST Large Area Telescope:GLAST Large Area Telescope:
Tracker SubsystemWBS 4.1.4
Tracker ASICs
Robert JohnsonSanta Cruz Institute for Particle PhysicsUniversity of California at Santa CruzTracker Subsystem Manager
GammaGamma--ray Large ray Large Area Space Area Space TelescopeTelescope
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 2
OutlineOutline
• Introduction/Summary• System overview• Requirements• GTFE designs• GTFE performance and issues• GTRC design• GTRC test results and issues• Test plan
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 3
SummarySummary
• Tracker ASIC tests indicate that the design meets our requirements and goals if a few corrections are made in the production run:– Bipass one cell in the GTFE-G to improve yield. The change has been
verified by FIB.– Fix logic errors in the GTRC3 related to TOT and parity reporting.– Improve timing margin by changing the GTRC clock edge for receiving
GTFE data (or raise DVDD, or lower frequency).• To hold the LAT schedule, the ASIC production must go out now (critical
path leading to the Tracker qualification unit).• To guarantee that we do not come up empty handed 4 months from now,
when the ASICs are needed, we must have a backup plan consisting of submission of existing, unmodified designs. In the worst case this means– No reliable TOT information (not a science requirement).– Incomplete reporting of possible bit errors.– Higher power (by about 30W).– Possible calibration complications due to GTFE-F2 comparator behavior.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 4
Tracker Readout Block DiagramTracker Readout Block DiagramFailsafe/redundancy scheme:• Serial, LVDS readout and control lines.• Two readout and control paths for every 64-channel front-end chip.• Any single chip can fail without preventing the readout of any other.• Either of the two communications cables can fail without affecting the other.
24 64-channel amplifier-discriminator chips for each detector layer
2 readoutcontroller chipsfor each layer
Con
trol
sig
nal f
low C
ontrol signal flow
Data flow to FPGAon DAQ TEM board.
Data flow to FPGAon DAQ TEM board.
Control signal flow
Data flow
Nine detector layers are read out on each side of each tower.
GTRC
GTFEGTFE
GTRC
GTRC
GTRC
GTRC
GTRC
9-998509A22
• Trigger output = OR of all channels in a layer.
• Upon trigger (6-fold coincidence) data are latched into a 4-event-deep buffer in each front-end chip.
• Read command moves data into 1 of 2 GTRC buffers.
• Token moves data from GTRCs to TEM.
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 5
TMCM (Readout Module)TMCM (Readout Module)• 8-layer polyimide PWB• Top edge thickened and machined to a 0.64
mm radius• 1-layer flex circuit (“pitch adapter”)
bonded over the radius• 24 64-channel GTFE chips• 2 GTRC chips• 2 nano connectors• SMT parts• Steel mounting screws + transfer adhesive
Readout IC
Machined corner radius with flex circuit bonded around the curve
TMCM, attached by screws
Detector
Tray Structure
Bias circuit
High-thermal conductivity transfer adhesive
Readout IC
Machined corner radius with flex circuit bonded around the curve
TMCM, attached by screws
Detector
Tray Structure
Bias circuit
High-thermal conductivity transfer adhesive
Machined corner radius with flex circuit bonded around the curve
TMCM, attached by screws
Detector
Tray Structure
Bias circuit
High-thermal conductivity transfer adhesive
24.58mm 18.0mm
359.0mm
Grounding Screws3 Total
Mounting Screws, 1 of 8
Connector, 1 of 2
GTFE, 1 of 24GTRC, 1 of 2
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 6
TKR Electronics RequirementsTKR Electronics Requirements
• Details of the requirements are in– LAT-SS-17 Performance requirements– LAT-SS-134 Mechanical & Thermal requirements– LAT-SS-152 Electronics requirements
• The major challenges are– Low power: <168 W of conditioned power
• Less than 0.29 W per TMCM or 190 µW/channel– Low noise occupancy: (noise trigger rate <500 Hz)
• The trigger requires occupancy less than 5/100,000 ch/trigger• Readout and onboard processing requires <1/10,000
ch/trigger– Compact packaging: bring signals around the tray corner– Manufacturing and QC: 884,736 channels in outer space– Reliability: design, testing, redundancy
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 7
Some Detailed RequirementsSome Detailed Requirements
• Internal charge injection for calibration and test, with a DAC to control the pulse height and a mask to select any set of channels.
• Threshold uniformity: <15 mV rms across 64 channels.• Threshold control per GTFE chip by an internal DAC.• Readout speed & dead time: less than 10% at 10 kHz cosmic rate.• TOT: measure up to 4 MIPs.• Non-destructive readback of configuration registers.• 2-bit word sent with the trigger and returned by the GTFE chip,
to ensure that events are never mixed up unknowingly.• Layer-OR jitter <±250 ns for a charge deposit > 0.5 MIP.• Reliability:
– Redundant readout paths.– Redundant power paths.– Protection against power shorts.
• Radiation hardness; 4 kRad TID; >37 MeV/mg/cm2 SEL thresh.• Passive cooling; temperature monitoring.
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 8
Tracker Electronics DocumentsTracker Electronics Documents
Tracker Tower Electrical Test PlanLAT-TD-191
Test Plan for the Tracker ElectronicsLAT-TD-153
Tracker Front-end Readout ASIC Prototype Test PlanLAT-TD-246
Test Plan for the Tracker Preproduction ASICsLAT-TD-881
Polyswitch Resettable Fuse SpecificationLAT-SS-1116
Tracker Grounding and Shielding PlanLAT-TD-173
Flex Cable Procurement, QA, and Qual RequirementsLAT-PS-1132
Tracker Flex Cable SpecificationLAT-SS-175
Tracker Multi-Chip Module SpecificationLAT-SS-171
Tracker Readout Controller ASIC SpecificationLAT-SS-170
Tracker Front-end Readout ASIC SpecificationLAT-SS-169
Tracker Readout Electronics Conceptual DesignLAT-SS-168
Tracker Electrical Interface SpecificationLAT-SS-176
Tracker Subsystem Level-IV Electronics SpecificationLAT-SS-152
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 9
Tracker Electronics DocumentsTracker Electronics Documents
Tracker Electronics Parts ListLAT-TD-179
Trigger Noise Rate Measurements on a Tracker LadderLAT-TD-1060
Self shielding of the TKR and ASIC TID RequirementsLAT-TD-1165
LAT Tracker ASICsLAT-TD-386
TOT Requirements for the Tracker ElectronicsLAT-TD-244
Tracker Reliability AnalysisLAT-TD-178
Test results on the Tracker ASIC prototypesLAT-TD-1090
First Calibration Scan Results on a Tracker LadderLAT-TD-1023
Test Results for the GTFE64d PrototypeLAT-TD-545
Single-Channel Noise Occupancy in the BTEMLAT-TD-364
Single-Event Effects Tests of the Tracker Readout ASICLAT-TD-333
Tracker Electronics Radiation Test Plan at LNLLAT-TD-1059
Tracker Multi-Chip Module Test PlanLAT-TD-249
Tracker Readout Controller ASIC Wafer Test ProcedureLAT-TD-248
Tracker Front-end Readout ASIC Wafer Test ProcedureLAT-TD-247
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 10
F.E. Readout Chip (GTFE)F.E. Readout Chip (GTFE)• Schematics-based design, using standard cells for logic.• Manual layout of the analog channel, I/O cells, memory, global routing.• Automated place-and-route of the logic blocks.• Two versions under test:
• F2 (AC coupling from shaper to comparator)• G (DC coupling from shaper to comparator)
64 amplifier-discriminator channels.
4-deep event memory (addressed by TEM)Custom layout 2 custom DACs
Trigger and Data mask registersStandard-cell auto route
Control logic, command decodersStandard-cell auto route
Cap
Calibration mask and capacitors
I/O pads and protection structures
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 11
GTFE Block DiagramGTFE Block Diagram
S
OUTA
B
64
64
64
641
2DC
Q
DC
Q
LEFT/RIGHT
DEAFMODE
DATA OUT
64
67 X 4
EVENT BUFFER
2
2
W_ADDR
R_ADDR
WRITE STROBEL1T
READ CMD
WRITECONTROL
READCONTROL
LOAD
DATAFROMPREVIOUSGTFE
DATA READ SHIFT REGISTER
DATA MASK & READOUT REGISTER
TRIGGER MASK & READOUT REGISTER
DISCRIMINATORS
SHAPERS
PREAMPLIFIERS
CALIBRATE STROBE
LEFT COMMANDDECODER
RIGHT COMMANDDECODER
CMDL
CLKL
CMDR
CLKR
RESET
7 7
DAC REGISTER
CALIBDAC
THRESHDAC
64 ANALOG INPUTS
S
CTRLREG
FAST-OR
MODEREG
SEL ADDRESSED
(TRI STATE)
LEFT COMMAND SELECT
DATA HIT
DATA HIT
LOAD/READ TRIGGER MASK
LOAD/READ CALIBRATE MASKLOAD/READ MODE REGISTERLOAD/READ DAC REGISTERCALIBRATE STROBE
MUX
641TRIGGER FROM PREVIOUS GTFE
FROM SILICON STRIPS
CALIB. MASK & READOUT REGISTER
EVENT_TRIG
EVENT_DATAEVENT_OR
• 64 amplifier-discriminator channels
• 7-bit threshold DAC• Calibration mask register• 7-bit calibration DAC• Trigger mask register and trigger
layer-OR• Data mask register• 4-deep event buffer• Pair of redundant command
decoders• Pair of redundant trigger
receivers• Leftward readout register• Rightward readout register• LVDS I/O cells
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 12
F2 Version ShaperF2 Version Shaper
1 per 64 channels
No source-follower stage
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 13
GG--Version ShaperVersion Shaper
1 per 64 channels
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 14
Readout Controller Chip (GTRC3)Readout Controller Chip (GTRC3)
I/O I/O
CMDDECODER
CONTROLREGISTER
REGISTERREADBACKCONTROL
GTFEREADOUTCONTROL
EVENTMEMORY
0
EVENTREADOUTCONTROL
TRIGGER
FASTOR
I/O
I/O
TOT
NSDATA_IN
NTOKEN_OUT
NSDATA
TOKEN
NRESET
CLK
NSCMD
NTACK
NTREQ TREQ_IN
RD_IN
TACKB
SCMDOUT
CLKB
RESETB
CTRLREG
EVENTMEMORY
1
• All digital• Tanner standard-cells, except for
• LVDS I/O cells.• SEU hardened configuration
register.• RAM (64 hits, 2 buffers)
• Design in VHDL; synthesis, auto place and route.
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 15
Tracker ASIC Test ProgramTracker ASIC Test Program
• G. Haller’s Electronics & DAQ group (D. Nelson, M. Huffer, C. Brune, J. Olsen, et al.): system testing with the official TEM-based EGSE; GTRC test and debug.
• UCSC group (R. Johnson, M. Sugizaki, Z. Wang, N. Spencer, M. Wilder, M. Ziegler, et al.): wafer probing; analog performance; GTFE debugging, MCM testing and MCM production test system.
• Pisa group (L. Latronico, L. Baldini, G. Spandre, J. Cohen-Tanugi, et al.): tray and tower-level testing.
• Padova group (R. Rando, et al.): radiation testing.• Relevant test plans for today’s results:
– LAT-TD-153, Tracker electronics test plan– LAT-TD-881, test plan for the preproduction ASICs– LAT-TD-246, GTFE prototype test plan– LAT-TD-247, GTFE wafer test procedure– LAT-TD-248, GTRC wafer test procedure– LAT-TD-249, MCM test plan– LAT-TD-1059, radiation test plan
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 16
GTFE Wafer TestingGTFE Wafer Testing
• 17 wafers with 45 chips of each type were probed.• A complete set of test vectors was executed, and threshold scans were
made.• All digital functionality was checked, except for I/O on the chip-to-chip
connections (due to problems with the probe card).• The yield was excellent, except for about 15% of the G chips that have a
threshold instability (more on this later).
GTFE Version-F2 GTFE Version-G
Yield for digital tests 201 through 207.
95.5% 94.5%
Yield including threshold scan test.
94.8% 79.8%
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 17
Threshold Scans (Ladder + miniThreshold Scans (Ladder + mini--MCM)MCM)
10 20 30 40 50Threshold (DAC Counts)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Effi
cien
cy Channel C241
Mean = 40.17 Sigma = 5.78
10 20 30 40 50Threshold (DAC Counts)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Effi
cien
cyChannel C286
Mean = 33.16 Sigma = 6.82
G chip channel
F2 chip channel
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Threshold ScansThreshold Scans
• 3 full-length ladders with mini-MCMs have been tested:– Hold the charge injection constant and scan the threshold– Hold the threshold constant and scan the charge injection
0 40 80 120Gain (mV/fC)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
EN
C (e
lect
rons
)
G Version; each chipF2 Version; each chip
Ladders 10 and 11 Threshold Scan Averages
This is for about 1.6 fC charge injection. The gain is nonlinear.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
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Threshold ScansThreshold Scans
17114546.9%103.364G5
18914498.1%93.364G4
14913677.2%106.964G3
31222207.6%66.859F22
22721596.6%68.760F21
15621025.5%90.162F2011
110V
28920116.4%88.361F25
20120088.2%93.062F24
10312673.9%123.461G3
14514245.6%114.763G2
12013615.0%126.464G1
25016576.8%94.363G010
80V
Std Dev
ENC (elec)
Std Dev
Gain (mV/fC)
# ChTypeChipLDRThe charge injected was about 1.6 fC.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 20
ChargeCharge--Injection Scan (THR=22)Injection Scan (THR=22)
9615304.4%96.51.1064G5
14815787.2%88.51.2064G4
9914365.6%97.01.1064G3
27819626.8%65.11.6364F22
10720485.8%67.31.5764F21
13221195.9%83.61.2764F20
Std DevENC (elec)
Std DevGain (mV/fC)
Q (fC)
# ChTypeChip
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 21
Problem with Last 2 Channels of F2Problem with Last 2 Channels of F2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Threshold DAC Setting
0
20
40
60
80
100
Effi
cien
cy
C318C319C382C383C446C447
Channels 62 & 63 on 3 F2 ChipsHypothesis: feedback from comparator to shaper via a test pad that exists only on each of these two channels. (Double-pulses are seen on an oscilloscope.)
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 22
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Threshold DAC Setting
0
20
40
60
80
100
Hit
Effi
cien
cy
G Chip, with 32 Channels Pulsed Simultaneously
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Threshold DAC Setting
0
20
40
60
80
100
Effi
cien
cy
G Chip, 8 Channels Pulsed Simultaneously
Simultaneous Multiple ChannelsSimultaneous Multiple Channels
No load on the amplifier inputs.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 23
F2 VersionF2 Version
10 20 30 40 50 60Threshold DAC Setting
F2 Chip, 8 Channels Pulsed Simultaneously
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Threshold DAC Setting
0
20
40
60
80
100
Effi
cien
cy
F2 Chip, With 32 channels Pulsed Simultaneously
No load on the amplifier inputs.
Note: the noise measurements presented above were made by simultaneously pulsing 8 channels per chip.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 24
GG--Version Unstable ChipsVersion Unstable Chips
• About 15% of the G-version chips show oscillations on the Layer-OR output with the threshold set to >5 DAC counts (about 0.24 fC), with some still oscillating at threshold >30 DAC counts.
• The problem was isolated to the “threshold conditioner” cell. Good chips could be made bad and vice-versa by adjusting the bias of the output driver of this cell (using a probe on internal test pads).
• 8 of the worst oscillating chips were modified by FIB to bipass this cell, and they all behaved normally afterwards on mini-MCMs. So far one was connected to a ladder and had excellent noise scans. (One more FIB chip was damaged and is completely dead.)
• Spice simulations show that the impedance of the threshold bus is greatly reduced and the amount of “kick-back” from the comparator is reduced by more than 10 when this cell is removed.
• 24 “good” chips were selected by the wafer-probing data and tested on a full-size MCM. All behaved well on the MCM, including over the temperature range –30C to +50C.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 25
GG--Version ShaperVersion Shaper
1 per 64 channels
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 26
GG--Version FIB EditVersion FIB Edit
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 27
Trigger RatesTrigger Rates
0 1 2 3Threshold/Gain (fC)
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
Rat
e (H
z)
G0G1G2F3F21F22
Trigger Rate per Chip (64 Channels)
1.3 fC=1/4 MIP
All 64 channels in just one chip were enabled, and the Layer-OR rate was measured by a frequency counter for each threshold setting. For ladder 0:
Long TOT pulses; look like cosmic rays
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 28
Noise OccupancyNoise Occupancy
0 100 200 300Channel Number
0
2
4
6
Noi
se H
its
Ladder 0, 80V bias, 1.3 fC threshold, 1.5 million triggers.
Measured on 2 ladders so far. About 10−6 per trigger.
G F2
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 29
Effect of Readout on NoiseEffect of Readout on Noise
• Ladder 11, biased at 110V.• Set thresholds at 1.3 fC (using gains measured in the calibration
charge-injection scan).• Load a hit pattern into the GTFE memory by charge injection (every
8th channel hit; other patterns will be investigated). • Monitor the Layer-OR with all 384 channels enabled.• Execute a test vector involving a complete readout sequence, and
count how many pulses appear on the Layer-OR during execution of the vector. Repeat 1000 times.
• Execute a test vector involving only a clock (no commands) and count the Layer-OR pulses. Repeat 1000 times.
• Layer-OR rate with clock only (no readout): 448 Hz.• Layer-OR rate with readout: 440 Hz.
No effect.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 30
GTFE TimeGTFE Time--OverOver--ThresholdThreshold
0 10 20 30 40Injected Charge (fC)
0
20
40
60
TOT
(mic
rose
cond
s)Time Over Threshold, GTFE-G
External InjectionInternal, Low RangeInternal, High RangeSpice Simulation
Evidence of some problem with our DAC calibration measurements.
Timing out the counter at 50 µs gives a range of about 5.2 MIPs.
Measure the Layer-OR width with internal (both ranges) and external charge injection into a single channel.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 31
GTFE TimeGTFE Time--OverOver--ThresholdThreshold
100 101 102 1032 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7
Injected Charge (fC)
0
50
100
150
TOT
(mic
rose
cond
s)
Time Over Threshold, GTFE-G
External InjectionInternal, Low RangeInternal, High RangeSpice Simulation
The TOT saturates at about 150 µs when the preamp saturates.
VDD=2.5 V
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 32
Example Shaper WaveformsExample Shaper Waveforms
0 5 10 15 20t (microseconds)
-100
0
100
200
300
V (m
V)
Cal DAC=8Cal DAC=26Spice, 14 mVSpice, 42 mV
GTFE64G FIB, Channel 2
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 33
Example Shaper WaveformsExample Shaper Waveforms
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5time (microseconds)
0
50
100
150
V (m
V)
F2 Chip Shaper Output; No Input Load
Comparator transition
CAL-DAC=30CAL-DAC=20
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 34
MCM Power MeasurementMCM Power Measurement
134.3 mW
134.3 mW
DVDD 2.5 V
address 5
138.5 mW28.0 mW77.4 mW20 MHz, F2
138.5 mW39.3 mW77.4 mW20 MHz, G
82.8 mW39.3 mW77.4 mWNo Clock, G
DVDD2.5 V
address 0
AVDDB2.5 V
AVDDA1.5 V
168 W
10.5 W
Allocation
139
8.66
0.244
0.240
F2 (W)
14516 Towers
9.05Tower
0.255MCM Address = 0
0.251MCM Address > 0
G (W)
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
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DAC CalibrationDAC Calibration
0 10 20 30 40 50 60DAC Setting
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Vol
tage
Threshold DAC at VDD=2.5V
Intercept=7.37 mV
Slope=4.94 mV
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Threshold DAC Setting
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Vth
-Vre
f (V
)
High RangeFit
Intercept: 9.53 mVSlope: 10.1 mV
Threshold DAC Calibration at VDD=2.5
0 20 40 60DAC_Value Lo Range
0
20
40
60
80
DA
C O
utpu
t (m
V)
2.0147 + 1.4340*x
0 10 20 30 40 50
DAC Value, High Range
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
DA
C O
utpu
t (m
V)
14.3137 + 11.4024*x
CAL-DAC
THR-DAC
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 36
DAC CalibrationDAC Calibration
12.9 mV/cnt10.1 mV/cnt12.9 mV9.53 mVThreshold High
4.5 mV/cnt4.94 mV/cnt4.5 mV7.37 mVThreshold Low
14.6 mV/cnt11.4 mV/cnt15.0 mV14.3 mVCal High
1.53 mV/cnt1.43 mV/cnt1.57 mV2.01 mVCal Low
Slope Predicted
Slope Measured
Intercept Predicted
Intercept Measured
Range
• Except for current-mirror errors, the intercept should be equal to the slope.
• Deviation from this expectation as well as the Spice prediction casts some uncertainty on the measurements.
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 37
GTRC & MCM TestingGTRC & MCM Testing
• The GTRC3 chip has been found to have these logic bugs:a) The TOT measurement is not buffered properly and will not stay
aligned with the hit data at high rates.b) The parity is not calculated correctly for data read out from the
right hand side.c) Parity errors in the commanding are not reported properly.
• These bugs have been understood and fixed in the VHDL.• Bugs (a) and (b) were quickly found and fixed in the GTRC5
submission, due to be received in a few days.• All bug fixes and the following modifications are being prepared for
the GTRC6 submission:– Latch data from the GTFEs on the falling clock edge, to improve
the timing margin.– Remove the data field from data-less commands.
• The revised VHDL is under test in an FPGA version of the GTRC, working on boards with actual GTFE chips.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 38
Timing/Voltage MarginsTiming/Voltage Margins
OKOK252.9
NGNG30
NGOK25
OKOK20
2.8
NGNG25
NGNG23
NGOK22
OKOK20
2.6
NGNG20
OKOK102.5
GTFE CtrlReg
GTFE DataClock (MHz)DVDD (V)
Measured on a full-scale MCM (24 GTFE chips), but with the clock/cmd bus termination resistors still at the wrong end.
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 39
GTFE Register ReadbackGTFE Register Readback
The GTFE internal delays are double the Spice prediction until all extracted trace parasitics are included. Then we get good agreement. The overall delay could be reduced by increasing the size of several drivers and/or by realigning the data with the clock immediately before the GTFE output driver.
~10Delay in charging up the MCM bus and receiving the bit into the GTRC
10Delay in getting the signal to the GTFE output pad
6Delay in establishing the DAC output onto the long internal GTFE trace.
10Delay of GTFE internal control logic in getting the clock to the read register.
4Receiving the clock into the GTFEGTFE internal; measured on test pads.
2.5 V
~10Driving the MCM clock bus from the GTRC
Delay (ns)Components of the Round-trip Delay
Total is nearly 50 ns!
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 40
Reading GTFE Data into GTRCReading GTFE Data into GTRC
• The GTFE delays by about ½ clock cycle, as shown above.• Delays sending the clock out of the GTRC and receiving the
differential data into the GTRC account for most of another ½ cycle, leaving little margin at 2.5V.
DVDD=2.5 V
MCM Clock
GTFE Data Out
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 41
Solutions to the Timing ProblemSolutions to the Timing ProblemSelect one of the choices below:
1. Increase the operating voltage to 2.9 V for AVDDB and DVDD.• MCM power increases by ~52 mW. LAT power increases by about
30W, putting the Tracker 7W over allocation.
2. Lower the system clock to 18 MHz.3. Lower the Tracker clock to 10 MHz, keeping the system at 20 MHz.4. Latch the data into the GTRC on the falling clock edge.
• Depends on the fact that the delays now put the data edge very close to the GTRC clock rising edge.
• We would be in trouble if the delays changed in the next run to much shorter values. Unlikely, but we put in a programming wire-bond pad to revert to the clock rising edge (GTRC6).
• If the system is run on a slow clock, then the data get latched a clock cycle early. GTRC has to be reprogrammed to adjust.
• There will probably be a small frequency range <<20 MHz where the system cannot be adjusted to read properly both registers and data without programming the GTRC in between.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 42
Misc. Other TestsMisc. Other Tests
• GTRC LVDS levels (address=0 and address≠0).• Detailed measurements on GTFE I/O cells (LAT-TD-545).• Radiation testing at LNL (Italy) on a mini-MCM.
– Only the GTRC was tested so far.– 5 ions from Si to Au.– TID of 30 kRad. GTRC still operated at 20 MHz.– No latch-up, even at LET=82 MeV/mg/cm2.– SEU rate in the configuration register was consistent with the
earlier test chip (LAT-TD-333).
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Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 43
Electronics Test PlanningElectronics Test Planning
• Before GTRC submission:– Complete check-out of the GTRC6 VHDL on the 3 test boards,
each with 2 GTRC-FPGAs and 2 GTFEs.• ASAP:
– Complete and test the FPGA test board with 24 GTFEs.– Tests with high-rate readout and random trigger:
• High-rate test of a ladder/mini-MCM using a beta source.• Self trigger at high rate on noise in one or a few channels, both
on a mini-MCM and the FPGA board.– Connect the mini-MCM loaded with FIB G chips to a ladder and
test.• EM MCM production at Teledyne: starting next week test boards
coming off of their production line (LAT-TD-249).
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 44
Electronics Test PlanningElectronics Test Planning
• 6 EM MCMs to be delivered to the electronics group for their own tests.
• 2 EM MCMs for environmental testing at UCSC and SLAC.• 8 MCMs on functional engineering-model trays.
– One tray for environmental testing in Italy.– Four trays (6 MCMs) for mini-tower testing at SLAC.
• First cosmic-ray tests since the BTEM tower.• Develop and execute tower-level test code (LAT-TD-191).
• Production wafer testing:– Redo and improve the GTFE probe card and test system.– Redo and test on existing wafer the GTRC probe card.– M. Ziegler working with D. Marsh to bring the UCSC wafer-
probing area into compliance (contamination control, etc.).– Work in progress to incorporate this into the database.
GLAST LAT Project December 6, 2002
Tracker, WBS 4.1.4 45
ConclusionConclusion
Tracker ASIC Fabrication Proposal• Details still need to be agreed upon following and depending upon
the conclusion of this review.• Front-end ASIC
– Submit the GTFE-G2 (G version with “threshold conditioner” removed). The layout is verified and ready.
– Backup with the GTFE-F2 (no changes). Begin a study of the operational implications of its performance, to be prepared.
• Readout Controller ASIC– Submit the GTRC6, after completion of verification in the FPGAs.– Backup with the GTRC3 (no changes) and the GTRC5. No cost
impact of this. We will have the GTRC5 prototype very soon to test.
– Study further implications of having to use the GTRC3.