Download - Genetic Base and Trait Definition Update
Paul VanRadenAnimal Improvement Programs LaboratoryBeltsville, MD, [email protected]
2004
2004
2004
Genetic Base and Trait Definition Update
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (2) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Previous USA Base Changes
1965
Predicted Difference (subtract mean yield)
1974
Modified Contemporary Comparison
1984
Red & White and Holstein bases separated
1989
Red & White and Holstein bases merged, Animal Model
1995
Age-Parity adjustments (changed trend)
2000
Lifetime Net Merit, true protein (SD change)
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (3) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
2005 Trait and Model Changes
Adjust for past inbreeding and expected future inbreeding (EFI)
Adjust for differing parity SD
Yield PTA expressed to average age instead of mature equivalent
Use cow instead of bull base for DPR
Convert PTA SCS to Udder Health?
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (4) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Genetic Gain 1995-2000(birth year)
BV HO JE BS GU AY MS
Prot (kgs)
17 15 15 11 7 5
Fat (kgs) 16 15 18 15 8 8
Milk (kgs)
535 407 436 387 235 212
Prod Life .5 .7 .7 .5 .5 1.1
SCS .02 .01 -.08 .03 -.01 .03
DPR (%) -.1 -.2 -.4 -.4 .0 .1
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (5) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Daughter Pregnancy Rate Bases
PTA DPRHO JE BS GU AY MS
1995 cow mean
.4 .2 .6 -.3 -.1 .5
progress -.1
-.1 -.2 -.2 .0 .0
Base change -.3
-.1 -.4 +.5 +.1 -.5
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (6) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Inbreeding AdjustmentsVanRaden and Smith 1999 JDS 82:2771
Past inbreeding (F) and future (EFI) Regression on F in animal model (PTA0) PTAEFI = PTA0 + EFI * byield.F Publish PTAEFI , use PTA0 in mating program
Helps pass Interbull trend tests 2 and 3 Corr (current PTA, PTAEFI) = .9976 PTAEFI trend 6% lower, PTA0 trend 3% higher Corr (USA, other countries) decline by .01
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (7) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Parity SD Adjustments
Multiplicative age factors Means are adjusted to mature yield Variances are not quite equal
Deviations will be multiplied by [1.07 1.00 .95 .90 .85] (parities 1-5)
Helps pass Interbull trend test 1 Corr (official, adjusted PTA) = .9998
for Holstein bulls born since 1995
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (8) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Adjust Yield PTA to Average Age
Average age vs. mature offsets base SD
Base SD has not been updated since 1995 Change would multiply PTA by 1.11 (Hol) Reduced age (36 mo) divides by 1.10 PTA lb / EBV kg = 2.2 / 2 = 1.10
Proposed by USDA (M. Schutz) in 1994 Recommended by Holstein GAC, Oct 1994 Vetoed by Council “to allow the industry
time to consider the nature and effect of such a change.”
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (9) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Somatic Cell Count Measured with same standard metric
unit (cells / ml) in every country
Transformed by log 2, log 10, or log e
Reversed scales in 9 of 19 countries
Added means of 100, 3, 4, etc.
Changed SD to report EBV, PTA, or STA
Different choice in almost every country!
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (10) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
International Udder Health Scales
Ctry Unit
Mean
SD Dir Ctry Unit
Mean
SD Dir
USA PTA 3.1 .22
- NLD RBV
100 4 +
CAN PTA 3.0 .25
- DNK RBV
100 5 +
BEL EBV 3.0 .47
- SWE RBV
100 7 +
JPN EBV 2.4 .42
- DEU RBV
100 12 +
AUS EBV 0 .11
- ITA STA 4 1 +
GBR PTA 0 13 - FRA STA 0 1 +
HUN STA 0 1 - ESP STA 0 1 +
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (11) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
SCS vs. Udder Health
PTA UH = -5 (PTA SCS – breed avg.)
Reversed scale with mean 0, SD 1 Interpreted like linear trait STAs Positive numbers would be favorable Range would be similar to DPR, PL +1 PTA UH would equal a reduction in
SCC of 13%
Udder Health is an Interbull term
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (12) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
SCS Breed Means
SCS HO JE BS GU AY MS
1995 3.10 3.31
3.09 3.21
2.93
3.03
2000 3.09 3.34
2.94 3.31
2.97
3.07
Difference
-0.01
0.03
-0.15
0.10
0.04
0.04
Instead use: 3.00
3.00 3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
ADSA-ASAS JOINT MEETING 2004 (13) P.M. VanRaden200
4200
4
Summary
Genetic progress in most recent 5 years similar to previous 5 years
Adjustments for inbreeding and for differing parity SD will be introduced
PTA SCS will not change to udder health
February 2005 changes must be sent to Interbull by September 1, 2004