Download - General Assembly Resolution
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5/24/2018 General Assembly Resolution
1/295
E/2010/22
E/C.12/2009/3
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Report on the fortysecond
and fortythird sessions
(422 May 2009, 220 November 2009)
Economic and Social Council
Official Record, 20!0
Supplement !o. 2
"nited !ations
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2/295
E/2010/22
E/C.12/2009/3
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Report on the fortysecond
and fortythird sessions
(422 May 2009, 220 November 2009)
Economic and Social Council
Official Record, 20!0
Supplement !o. 2
"nited !ations
!e# $or% and &ene'a, 2010
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Note
Symbol of "ni#ed Na#ion documen# are com$oed of ca$i#al le##er
combined %i#& fi'ure Men#ion of uc& a ymbol indica#e a reference #o a
"ni#ed Na#ion documen#
E20!022
EC!22009*
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Con#en#
Chapter Paragraphs Page
+ raf# deciion recommended for ado$#ion by #&e Economic and Social Council !4
2
++ Or'ani-a#ional and o#&er ma##er .2. 2
/ S#a#e $ar#ie #o #&e Covenan# . 2
Seion and a'enda 1 *
C Member&i$ and a##endance 9!. *
3reeional %or5in' 'rou$ !1! .
E Elec#ion of officer !9 1
6 Or'ani-a#ion of %or5 202* 1
7 Ne8# eion 24
: S#a#e $ar#ie; re$or# c&eduled for conidera#ion by #&e Commi##ee
a# i# u$comin' eion 2.
+++ Overvie% of #&e $reen# %or5in' me#&od of #&e Commi##ee 2111
/ 7eneral re$or#in' 'uideline 2
E8amina#ion of S#a#e $ar#ie; re$or# 2942
!
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6 /c#ion by #&e Commi##ee %i#& re'ard #o informa#ion on economic
ocial and cul#ural ri' received from ource o#&er #&an #&e
S#a#e $ar#ie .0.. !*
! +nforma#ion $rovided in connec#ion %i#& #&e conidera#ion by
#&e Commi##ee of a S#a#e $ar#y re$or# .0 !*
2 +nforma#ion received follo%in' conidera#ion by #&e Commi##ee
of a S#a#e $ar#y re$or# and ado$#ion of concludin' oberva#ion .!.2
!*
* +nforma#ion $rovided %i#& re$ec# #o nonre$or#in' S#a#e $ar#ie .*..
!*
7 ay of 'eneral dicuion .1 !4
: O#&er conul#a#ion .. !4
+ 3ar#ici$a#ion of non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion in
#&e %or5 of #&e Commi##ee .91! !4
= 7eneral commen# 121. !.
> S#a#emen# ado$#ed by #&e Commi##ee 11 !1
+? Submiion of re$or# by S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 and ! of
#&e Covenan# 119 !1
? Conidera#ion of re$or# ubmi##ed by S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 and !
of #&e Covenan# 040 !
Forty-second session
/u#ralia 4!!! !
ra-il !!2!.0 2.
Cy$ru !.!! *4
Cambodia !922 *
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"ni#ed >in'dom of 7rea# ri#ain and Nor#&ern +reland, #&e Cro%n
e$endencie and #&e Overea e$enden# @erri#orie 222. 49
Forty-third session
@&e emocra#ic Re$ublic of #&e Con'o 21*! .
C&ad *!
*10 1
Mada'acar *1!400
3oland 40!44! .
@&e Re$ublic of >orea 44240 92
?+ Sub#an#ive iue ariin' in #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e +n#erna#ional Covenan#
on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri' 4!4 !02
/ /do$#ion of 'eneral commen# No 20 on nondicrimina#ion in
economic, ocial and cul#ural ri' 4! !02
/do$#ion of 'eneral commen# No 2! on #&e ri' of everyone #o
#a5e $ar# in cul#ural life 42 !02
C +n#erac#ive dialo'ue %i#& #&e inde$enden# e8$er# on #&e iue of &uman
ri' obli'a#ion rela#ed #o acce #o afe drin5in' %a#er and ani#a#ion 4*
!02
+nforma#ion eion on e8ual and re$roduc#ive &eal#& ri' 444. !0*
E Coo$era#ion %i#& $eciali-ed a'encieA #en#& mee#in' of #&e =oin# E8$er#
7rou$ "NESCO (Commi##ee on Conven#ion and Recommenda#ion)
Economic and Social Council (Commi##ee on Economic, Social and
Cul#ural Ri') on #&e Moni#orin' of #&e Ri' #o Educa#ion 41 !0*
6 E8$er# eminar on #&e O$#ional 3ro#ocol #o #&e +n#erna#ional
Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri' 44 !04
?++ /ddi#ional deciion ado$#ed and ma##er dicued by #&e Commi##ee a# i#
for#yecond and for#y#&ird eion 4949. !0
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/ 3ar#ici$a#ion in in#ereional mee#in' 49 !0
6u#ure 'eneral commen# 490 !0
C 6u#ure #a#emen# 49! !0
Coo$era#ion %i#& $eciali-ed a'encie 492 !0
E
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?+++ Re$or# of #&e #en#& mee#in' of #&e =oin# E8$er# 7rou$ "NESCO (Commi##ee
on Conven#ion and Recommenda#ion)ECOSOC (Commi##ee on Economic,
Social and Cul#ural Ri') on Moni#orin' #&e Ri' #o Educa#ion !41
+B / i# of documen# of #&e Commi##ee a# i# for#yecond eion !..
i# of documen# of #&e Commi##ee a# i# for#y#&ird eion !.1
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())re'iations
/< iviion for #&e /dvancemen# of
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Chapter * +ne#
-raft decision recommended for adoption )y the Economic and Social
Council
Rationale
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conidera#ion of individual $e#i#ion %i#&in #&e frame of #%o eion $er
year in addi#ion #o i# conidera#ion of S#a#e $ar#y re$or#
-raft decision
4 @&e Economic and Social Council, concerned #&a# e8i#in' mee#in'
arran'emen# for #&e Commi##ee on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri'
no lon'er $ermi# i# #o fully dic&ar'e i# re$onibili#ie under #&e
+n#erna#ional Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri' and
Council reolu#ion !9.! in an efficien# and #imely manner, and no#in'
#&a# #&e $reen# bac5lo' in conidera#ion of S#a#e $ar#y re$or# could be
effec#ively deal# %i#& #&rou'& addi#ional eion, a$$rove #&e convenin'
of an addi#ional eion of #&e Commi##ee, follo%ed by $reeional
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Commi##ee, in May and November, eac& of #&ree %ee5; dura#ion, in
addi#ion #o a $reeional %or5in' 'rou$ of five member #o mee# for five
day immedia#ely af#er eac& eion #o $re$are #&e li# of iue for
conidera#ion a# #&e ubeDuen# eion @&e Council, in i# reolu#ion
!99.*9 of 2. =uly !99., endored #&e recommenda#ion of #&e Commi##ee
+n 2009, #&e Commi##ee &eld i# for#yecond eion from 4 #o 22
May, and i# for#y#&ird eion from 2 #o 20 November o#& eion %ere
&eld a# #&e "ni#ed Na#ion Office a# 7eneva @&e a'enda for eac& eion i
di$layed in anne8 ++ #o #&e $reen# re$or# / li# of documen# for eac&
eion i di$layed in anne8 +B #o #&e $reen# re$or#
/n accoun# of #&e Commi##ee; delibera#ion a# i# for#yecond and
for#y#&ird eion i con#ained in #&e relevan# ummary record
(EC!22009SR!2 and EC!22009SR2944, re$ec#ively)
C. em)ership and attendance
9 @%o ne% member of #&e Commi##ee %ere %elcomed a# #&e #ar# of
#&e for#yecond eionA Mr Fd-ila% >ed-ia and Mr Nicolaa =an
Sc&riGver @%o ou#'oin' member %ere #&an5ed for #&eir dedica#ion and
effor#A Mr /ndr-eG R-e$lin5i and M arbara oloov %&o &a rei'ned from #&e
Commi##ee effec#ive ! /u'u# 2009
!! /n elec#ion %a &eld #o fill #&e caual vacancy a $er rule !2 of #&e
3roviional Rule of 3rocedure of #&e Commi##ee on Economic, Social and
Cul#ural Ri' (EC!2!9904Rev!) On !. ecember 2009, under i#em
!, #&e Economic and Social Council elec#ed Mr /lan >&ueinovic&
/ba&id-e (Ruian 6edera#ion) by acclama#ion for a #erm be'innin' on !.
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ecember 2009 and e8$irin' on *! ecember 20!0 #o re$lace Mr uri
>oloov
!2 @&e ne%ly elec#ed and reelec#ed member of #&e Commi##ee, a# i#
fir# mee#in' of i# for#yecond eion on 4 May 2009, made a olemn
declara#ion in o$en mee#in', in accordance %i#& rule !* of #&e Commi##ee;
rule of $rocedure
!* @&e follo%in' $eciali-ed a'encie and "ni#ed Na#ion or'an and
de$ar#men# %ere invi#ed #o be re$reen#ed by oberver a# #&e for#yecond
and for#y#&ird eionA /
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/# #&e for#yecond eionA
General consultative statusA /mne#y +n#erna#ional (/+), Cen#re Euro$e
@ierMonde (CE@+M), Comi#H na#ional
d;ac#ion $our le droi# de l;enfan# e# de la
6emme (C/E6), 6+/N +n#erna#ional
(6oodfir# +nforma#ion and /c#ion Ne#%or5),
+n#erna#ional 6edera#ion of Social
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for :uman Ri' (+S:R), :uman Ri'
/dvoca#e, +nc (:R/), >urdi#an
Recon#ruc#ion and evelo$men# Socie#y,
?iva# +n#erna#ional, Minbyun a%yer for
/ emocra#ic Socie#y, u#&eran
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(:R@6), +ndi'enou Ri' /c#ive Member (+R/M) of +ndi'enou
Communi#y Su$$or# Or'ani-a#ion (+CSO), +n#erna#ional Reearc& Cen#re on
Social Minori#ie (+RCSM), >in'ford e'al Cen#re, Movimen#o Nacional
de Menino e Menina de Rua, Nor#&ern +reland Council for E#&nic
Minori#ie (N+CEM), Sco##i& Commiion for Men#al :eal#& (S/M:),
7ood Nei'&bor +n#erna#ional (7N+), +#i#u#o +n#erna-ionale Maria
/uilia#rice (++M/)
-. 6resessional #or%ing group
!1 @&e Economic and Social Council, in i# reolu#ion !94 of 24 May
!9, au#&ori-ed #&e e#abli&men# of a $reeional %or5in' 'rou$
com$oed of five member #o be a$$oin#ed by #&e C&air$eron #o mee# for
u$ #o one %ee5 $rior #o eac& eion y deciion !9902.2 of 2. May
!990, #&e Council au#&ori-ed #&e mee#in' of #&e %or5in' 'rou$ #o be &eld
one #o #&ree mon#& $rior #o a eion of #&e Commi##ee
! @&e C&air$eron of #&e Commi##ee, in conul#a#ion %i#& #&e member
of #&e ureau, dei'na#ed #&e follo%in' individual a member of #&e $re
eional %or5in' 'rou$ #o mee#A
Prior to the forty-second sessionA
M ?ir'inia onoanandan
Mr /--ou- >erdoun
Mr /lvaro @irado MeGia
Mr Fd-ila% >ed-ia
Mr Eibe Riedel
Prior to the forty-third sessionA
Mr Fd-ila% >ed-ia
Mr =aime Marc&anRomero
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Mr /riran'a 3illay
Mr 3&ili$$e @e8ier
Mr aode F&an
! @&e $reeional %or5in' 'rou$ &eld i# mee#in' a# #&e "ni#ed
Na#ion Office a# 7eneva from 2. #o 29 May 2009 and from 2* #o 21
November 2009 /ll dei'na#ed member of #&e %or5in' 'rou$ a##ended #&e
mee#in' @&e %or5in' 'rou$ iden#ified iue #&a# mi' mo# uefully be
dicued %i#& #&e re$reen#a#ive of #&e re$or#in' S#a#e and li# of uc&
Due#ion %ere #ranmi##ed #o #&e $ermanen# miion of #&e S#a#e
concerned @&e $reeional %or5in' 'rou$ #o $recede #&e for#yfif#&
eion %ill &old i# mee#in' from 2. #o 2 May 20!0, and for #&e for#y
i8#& eion from 22 #o 21 November 20!0
E. Election of officers
!9 +n accordance %i#& rule !4 of #&e Commi##ee; rule of $rocedure, #&e
Commi##ee, a# i# fir# mee#in' of i# for#yecond eion on 4 May 2009,
elec#ed #&e member of i# ureau, a follo%A
C&air$eronA Mr =aime Marc&anRomero
?iceC&air$eronA Mr Mo&ammed E--eldin /bdelMoneim
M Maria ?ir'inia ra 7ome
Mr ed-ia
8. rganiation of #or%
Forty-second session
20 @&e Commi##ee conidered i# or'ani-a#ion of %or5 a# i# fir# mee#in'
on 4 May 2009 +n connec#ion %i#& #&i i#em, #&e Commi##ee &ad before i#
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#&e follo%in' documen#A
(a) 3roviional a'enda and draf# $ro'ramme of %or5 for #&e for#y
econd eion, $re$ared by #&e Secre#ary7eneral in conul#a#ion %i#& #&e
C&air$eron of #&e Commi##ee (EC!242!)K
(b) Re$or# of #&e Commi##ee on #&e %or5 of i# $reviou eionAL
fir# (E!92EC!2!9.), econd (E!9!4EC!2!94), #&ird
(E!9922EC!2 !99.), four#& (E!9902*EC!2!990* and Corr!),
fif#& (E!99!2*EC!2!990 and Corr!), i8#& (E!9922*
EC!2!99!4 and /dd!), even#& (E!99*22EC!2!9922), ei'& and
nin#& (E!9942*EC!2!99*!9), #en#& and eleven#& (E!99.22EC!2!994 20 and Corr!), #%elf#& and #&ir#een#& (E!99122
EC!2!99.!), four#een#& and fif#een#& (E!9922EC!2!9911),
i8#een#& and even#een#& (E!9922EC!2!99!0), ei'een#& and
nine#een#& (E!99922EC!2!9921), #%en#ie#& and #%en#yfir# (E2000
22EC!2!999!! and Corr!), #%en#yecond, #%en#y#&ird and #%en#y
four#& (E200!22EC!220002!), #%en#yfif#&, #%en#yi8#& and #%en#y
even#& (E200222EC!2200! !), #%en#yei'& and #%en#ynin#&
(E200*22EC!22002!*), #&ir#ie#& and #&ir#yfir# (E200422
EC!2200*!4), #&ir#yecond and #&ir#y#&ird (E200.22EC!220049),
#&ir#yfour#& and #&ir#yfif#& (E200122EC!2200..), #&ir#yi8#& and
#&ir#yeven#& (E20022EC!22001!!), #&ir#yei'& and #&ir#ynin#&
(E20022E C!2200*) and for#ie#& and for#yfir# (E200922
EC!2200*)
2! +n accordance %i#& rule of i# rule of $rocedure, #&e Commi##ee, a##&e ame mee#in', conidered #&e $roviional a'enda and draf# $ro'ramme
of %or5 for i# for#yecond eion and a$$roved #&em, a amended durin'
conidera#ion
Forty-third session
L L 3ubli&ed a Official Records of the Economic and SocialCouncil
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22 @&e Commi##ee conidered i# or'ani-a#ion of %or5 a# i# 29#& mee#in'
on 2 November 2009 +n connec#ion %i#& #&i i#em, #&e Commi##ee &ad
before i# #&e follo%in' documen#A
(a) 3roviional a'enda and draf# $ro'ramme of %or5 for #&e for#y
#&ird eion, $re$ared by #&e Secre#ary7eneral in conul#a#ion %i#& #&e
C&air$eron of #&e Commi##ee (EC!24*!)K
(b) Re$or# of #&e Commi##ee on #&e %or5 of i# $reviou eion
(ee $ara'ra$& !2 (b) above)
2* +n accordance %i#& rule of i# rule of $rocedure, #&e Commi##ee, a#
#&e ame mee#in', conidered #&e $roviional a'enda and draf# $ro'ramme
of %or5 for i# for#y#&ird eion and a$$roved #&em, a amended durin'
conidera#ion
&. !et sessions
24 +n accordance %i#& #&e e#abli&ed c&edule, #&e for#yfour#& and
for#yfif#& eion %ill #a5e $lace a# #&e "ni#ed Na#ion Office a# 7eneva
from * #o 20 May 20!0 and from ! #o !9 November 20!0, re$ec#ively
:. States parties; reports scheduled for consideration )y the Committee at
its upcoming sessions
2. +n accordance %i#& rule 1!, $ara'ra$& 2, of #&e Commi##ee; rule of
$rocedure, #&e re$or# ubmi##ed by S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 of #&e
Covenan# are c&eduled for conidera#ion in #&e order in %&ic& #&ey &ave
been received by #&e Secre#ary7eneral @&e Commi##ee received a a# 20
November 2009, cloin' da#e of #&e for#y#&ird eion, #&e follo%in'
re$or#, %&ic& i# decided #o conider a# i# for#yfour#& and for#yfif#&
eion in 20!0A
Forty-fourth session !"#$ %ay #&$&'
/f'&ani#an Secondfour#& EC!2/6724
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/l'eria @&irdfour#& EC!2F/4
Colombia 6if#& EC!2CO.
>a-a5an +ni#ial EC!2>/F!
Mauri#iu Secondfour#& EC!2M"S4
Forty-fifth session $"$( Novem)er #&$&'
ominican Re$ublic @&ird EC!2OM*
@&e Ne#&erland and
Ne#&erland /n#ille
6our#&fif#& and
6our#&
EC!2N4. and
EC!2N4/dd!
Sri an5a Secondfour#& EC!2>/24
S%i#-erland Second#&ird EC!2C:E2*
"ru'uay @&irdfour#& EC!2"R*4
Chapter ***
'er'ie# of the present #or%ing methods of the Committee
21 @&i c&a$#er of #&e Commi##ee; re$or# aim a# $rovidin' a concie
and u$#oda#e overvie% and e8$lana#ion of #&e %ay in %&ic& #&e
Commi##ee carrie ou# i# variou func#ion, includin' informa#ion abou#
recen# develo$men# in i# %or5in' me#&od +# i dei'ned #o ma5e #&e
Commi##ee; curren# $rac#ice more #ran$aren# and readily acceible o a
#o ai# S#a#e $ar#ie and o#&er in#ere#ed in #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e
Covenan#
2 Since i# fir# eion, in !9, #&e Commi##ee &a made a concer#ed
effor# #o devie a$$ro$ria#e %or5in' me#&od #&a# adeDua#ely reflec# #&e
na#ure of #&e #a5 %i#& %&ic& i# &a been en#ru#ed +n #&e coure of i# 4*
eion i# &a ou' #o modify and develo$ #&ee me#&od in #&e li' of i#
e8$erience @&ee me#&od %ill con#inue #o evolve
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(. &eneral reporting guidelines
2 @&e Commi##ee a##ac&e maGor im$or#ance #o #&e need #o #ruc#ure #&e
re$or#in' $roce and #&e dialo'ue %i#& eac& S#a#e $ar#y; re$reen#a#ive in
uc& a %ay a #o enure #&a# #&e iue of $rinci$al concern #o i# are deal#
%i#& in a me#&odical and informa#ive manner 6or #&i $ur$oe, in 200, #&e
Commi##ee &a ado$#ed revied re$or#in' 'uideline on #rea#y$ecific
documen# #o be ubmi##ed by S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 and ! of #&e
Covenan#,! %i#& a vie% #o ai#in' S#a#e in #&e re$or#in' $roce and
im$rovin' #&e effec#ivene of #&e moni#orin' y#em a a %&ole
. Eamination of States parties; reports
1.
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li5eli&ood #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y %ill be able #o $rovide $recie and de#ailed
informa#ion
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Commi##ee ee5, i# #ron'ly ur'e eac& S#a#e $ar#y #o $rovide in
%ri#in' i# re$lie #o #&e li# of iue and #o do o ufficien#ly in
advance of #&e eion a# %&ic& i# re$or# %ill be conidered #o enable
#&e re$lie #o be #ranla#ed and made available #o all member of #&e
Commi##ee
*. +n addi#ion #o #&e #a5 of formula#in' #&e li# of iue, #&e $re
eional %or5in' 'rou$ i alo en#ru#ed %i#& a varie#y of o#&er #a5
dei'ned #o facili#a#e #&e %or5 of #&e Commi##ee a a %&ole @&ee &ave
includedA dicuin' #&e mo# a$$ro$ria#e alloca#ion of #ime for #&e
conidera#ion of eac& S#a#e re$or#K coniderin' #&e iue of &o% be# #o
re$ond #o u$$lemen#ary re$or# con#ainin' addi#ional informa#ionK
e8aminin' draf# 'eneral commen#K coniderin' &o% be# #o #ruc#ure #&e
day of 'eneral dicuionK and o#&er relevan# ma##er
2. Consideration of the reports
*1 +n accordance %i#& #&e e#abli&ed $rac#ice of eac& of #&e "ni#ed
Na#ion &uman ri' #rea#y moni#orin' bodie, re$reen#a#ive of #&e
re$or#in' S#a#e &ould be $reen# a# #&e mee#in' of #&e Commi##ee %&en
#&eir re$or# are e8amined in order #o enure a con#ruc#ive dialo'ue %i#&
#&e Commi##ee @&e follo%in' $rocedure i 'enerally obervedA #&e
re$reen#a#ive of #&e S#a#e $ar#y i invi#ed #o in#roduce #&e re$or# by ma5in'
brief in#roduc#ory commen# and in#roducin' any %ri##en re$lie #o #&e li#
of iue dra%n u$ by #&e $reeional %or5in' 'rou$ @&e Commi##ee #&en
conider #&e re$or# by clu#er of ar#icle (uually ar#icle !., 19, !0!2
and !*!.), #a5in' $ar#icular accoun# of #&e re$lie furni&ed in re$one #o
#&e li# of iue @&e C&air$eron %ill normally invi#e Due#ion or
commen# from Commi##ee member in rela#ion #o eac& iue and #&en
invi#e #&e S#a#e $ar#y re$reen#a#ive #o re$ly immedia#ely #o Due#ion #&a#
do no# reDuire fur#&er reflec#ion or reearc& /ny remainin' Due#ion are
#a5en u$ a# a ubeDuen# mee#in' or, if neceary, may be #&e ubGec# of
addi#ional informa#ion $rovided #o #&e Commi##ee in %ri#in' Member of
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#&e Commi##ee are free #o $urue $ecific iue in #&e li' of #&e re$lie
#&u $rovided, al#&ou'& #&e Commi##ee &a ur'ed #&em no# #o (a) raie iue
ou#ide #&e co$e of #&e Covenan#K (b) re$ea# Due#ion already $oed or
an%eredK (c) add unduly #o an already lon' li# on a $ar#icular iueK or (d)
$ea5 for more #&an five minu#e in any one in#erven#ion Re$reen#a#ive of
relevan# $eciali-ed a'encie and o#&er in#erna#ional bodie may alo be
invi#ed #o con#ribu#e a# any #a'e of #&e dialo'ue
* @&e final $&ae of #&e Commi##ee; e8amina#ion of #&e re$or# coni#
of #&e draf#in' and ado$#ion of i# concludin' oberva#ion 6or #&i $ur$oe,
#&e Commi##ee uually e# aide a brief $eriod in cloed eion
immedia#ely af#er #&e concluion of #&e dialo'ue #o enable i# member #o
e8$re #&eir $reliminary vie% @&e coun#ry ra$$or#eur #&en $re$are, %i#&
#&e ai#ance of #&e ecre#aria#, a draf# e# of concludin' oberva#ion for
conidera#ion by #&e Commi##ee @&e a'reed #ruc#ure of #&e concludin'
oberva#ion i a follo%A in#roduc#ion, $oi#ive a$ec#, fac#or and
difficul#ie im$edin' #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan#, $rinci$al ubGec#
of concern and u''e#ion and recommenda#ion /# a la#er #a'e, #&e
Commi##ee #&en dicue #&e draf#, a'ain in $riva#e eion, %i#& a vie% #o
ado$#in' i# by conenu
* @&e concludin' oberva#ion, once formally ado$#ed, are 'enerally
made $ublic on #&e final day of #&e eion @&ey are for%arded a oon a
$oible #o #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned and included in #&e Commi##ee;
re$or# +f i# o %i&e, #&e S#a#e $ar#y may addre any of #&e Commi##ee;
concludin' oberva#ion in #&e con#e8# of any addi#ional informa#ion #&a# i#
$rovide #o #&e Commi##ee
*9 +n 'eneral, #&e Commi##ee devo#e #&ree mee#in' (of #&ree &our
eac&) #o i# $ublic e8amina#ion of S#a#e $ar#ie; re$or# +n addi#ion, i#
'enerally devo#e be#%een #%o and #&ree &our #o%ard #&e end of #&e
eion, in $riva#e, #o i# dicuion of eac& e# of concludin' oberva#ion
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3. Comments )y States parties on concluding o)ser'ations
40 Once #&e Commi##ee &a ado$#ed i# concludin' oberva#ion on #&e
re$or# of a S#a#e $ar#y, and if #&e la##er ubmi# any commen# #&ereon #o #&e
Commi##ee, #&ee are made $ublic, a ubmi##ed, a Commi##ee documen#
and men#ioned in #&e annual re$or# Commen# from S#a#e $ar#ie are
$ubli&ed for informa#ion $ur$oe only
4! urin' #&e re$or#in' $eriod, #&e Commi##ee received commen# from
Cy$ru (EC!2C3CO./dd!) on #&e concludin' oberva#ion #&a# #&e
Commi##ee ado$#ed a# i# for#yecond eion in rela#ion #o #&e four#& #o
fif#& $eriodic re$or# ubmi##ed by Cy$ru and from #&e "ni#ed >in'dom of7rea# ri#ain and Nor#&ern +reland (EC!27RCO./dd!) on #&e
concludin' oberva#ion #&a# #&e Commi##ee ado$#ed a# i# for#yecond
eion in rela#ion #o #&e four#& #o fif#& $eriodic re$or# ubmi##ed by #&e
"ni#ed >in'dom
. 6ostponement of the consideration of reports
42 a#minu#e reDue# by S#a#e #o $o#$one #&e conidera#ion of a
re$or# #&a# &a been c&eduled for e8amina#ion a# a $ar#icular eion are
e8#remely diru$#ive for all concerned and &ave in #&e $a# caued maGor
$roblem for #&e Commi##ee /ccordin'ly, #&e Commi##ee; lon'#andin'
$olicy i no# #o 'ran# uc& reDue# and #o $roceed %i#& i# conidera#ion of
all c&eduled re$or#, even in #&e abence of a re$reen#a#ive of #&e S#a#e
$ar#y concerned
C. 8ollo#up procedure in relation to the consideration of reports
4* /# i# #%en#yfir# eion,*#&e Commi##ee decided #&a#A
(a) +n all concludin' oberva#ion, #&e Commi##ee %ould reDue# #&e
S#a#e $ar#y #o inform #&e Commi##ee, in i# ne8# $eriodic re$or#, abou# #e$
#a5en #o im$lemen# #&e recommenda#ion in #&e concludin' oberva#ionK
* On ! ecember !999 (.*rd mee#in')
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44 +n i#ua#ion in %&ic& #&e Commi##ee conider #&a# i# i unable #o
ob#ain #&e informa#ion i# reDuire on #&e bai of #&e abovemen#ioned
$rocedure, i# may decide #o ado$# a differen# a$$roac& +n $ar#icular, #&e
Commi##ee may reDue# #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned acce$# a vii# from
one or #%o member of #&e Commi##ee @&e $ur$oe of uc& an oni#e vii#
%ould beA (a) #o collec# #&e informa#ion neceary for #&e Commi##ee #o
con#inue i# con#ruc#ive dialo'ue %i#& #&e S#a#e $ar#y and #o enable i# #o
carry ou# i# func#ion in rela#ion #o #&e Covenan#K and (b) #o $rovide a more
com$re&enive bai u$on %&ic& #&e Commi##ee mi' e8ercie i# func#ion
in rela#ion #o ar#icle 22 and 2* of #&e Covenan# concernin' #ec&nical
ai#ance and adviory ervice @&e Commi##ee %ould #a#e $ecifically
#&e iue() %i#& re$ec# #o %&ic& i# re$reen#a#ive() %ould ee5 #o 'a#&er
informa#ion from all available ource @&e re$reen#a#ive() %ould alo
&ave #&e #a5 of coniderin' %&e#&er #&e $ro'ramme of adviory ervice
admini#ered by #&e Office of #&e "ni#ed Na#ion :i'& Commiioner for
:uman Ri' could be of ai#ance in connec#ion %i#& #&e $ecific iue a#
&and
4. /# #&e concluion of #&e vii#, #&e re$reen#a#ive() %ould re$or# #o #&e
Commi##ee +n #&e li' of #&e re$or# $reen#ed by i# re$reen#a#ive(), #&e
Commi##ee %ould #&en formula#e i# o%n concluion @&oe concluion
%ould rela#e #o #&e full ran'e of func#ion carried ou# by #&e Commi##ee,
includin' #&oe rela#in' #o #ec&nical ai#ance and adviory ervice, #o be
$rovided by #&e Office of #&e :i'& Commiioner
41 @&i $rocedure &a already been a$$lied in rela#ion #o #%o S#a#e
$ar#ie and #&e Commi##ee conider #&e e8$erience #o &ave been a very
$oi#ive one in bo#& in#ance +n a cae %&ere #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned
doe no# acce$# #&e $ro$oed miion, #&e Commi##ee %ill conider ma5in'
%&a#ever recommenda#ion mi' be a$$ro$ria#e #o #&e Economic and
Social Council
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-. 6rocedure in response to nonsu)mitted and considera)ly o'erdue
reports
4 @&e Commi##ee believe #&a# a i#ua#ion of $eri#en# nonre$or#in' by
S#a#e $ar#ie undermine one of #&e founda#ion of #&e Covenan#
4 /ccordin'ly, #&e Commi##ee reolved a# i# i8#& eion #o be'in in
due coure #o conider #&e i#ua#ion concernin' #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e
Covenan# in re$ec# of eac& S#a#e $ar#y %&oe re$or# are very i'nifican#ly
overdue /# i# even#& eion i# reolved #o be'in c&edulin' conidera#ion
of uc& re$or# a# i# fu#ure eion and #o no#ify #&e S#a#e $ar#ie
concerned /# i# #&ir#yi8#& eion, #&e Commi##ee ado$#ed #&e follo%in'
$rocedureA
(a) @o revie% #&ree li# of S#a#e $ar#ie %&oe re$or# are overdueA
(i) S#a#e $ar#ie %i#& re$or# #&a# %ere due %i#&in #&e $a# ei'
yearK
(ii) S#a#e $ar#ie %i#& re$or# #&a# %ere due from #o !2 year a'oK
(iii) S#a#e $ar#ie %i#& re$or# #&a# %ere due more #&an !2 year a'o
(b) @o end reminder #o S#a#e $ar#ie a follo%A
(i) @&efirst letter%ill be en# #o all S#a#e $ar#ie abou# #&e da#e on
%&ic& #&eir re$or# are dueK #&oe %i#& overdue re$or# %ill be
reminded of and reDue#ed #o ubmi# #&oe re$or# a oon a $oibleK
(ii) / econd le##er %ill be en# #o S#a#e $ar#ie %i#& #&e mo#
ou##andin' and overdue re$or# #&a# do no# re$ond #o #&e reminder,informin' #&em #&a# #&e Commi##ee $lan #o conider #&e overdue
re$or#() a# a $ecific eion in #&e fu#ure, and reDue#in' #&a# #&oe
re$or# be ubmi##ed in ufficien# #ime #o allo% a con#ruc#ive dialo'ue
#o #a5e $laceK
(iii) / #&ird le##er %ill be en# if no re$one i received #o #&e econd
le##er, confirmin' #&a# #&e Commi##ee %ill $roceed #o revie% #&e
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im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan# in #&e S#a#e $ar#y a# #&e eion
communica#ed in #&e earlier le##er in li' of all available informa#ionK
(c) +n i#ua#ion %&ere #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned indica#e #&a# a
re$or# %ill be $rovided #o #&e Commi##ee and u$on a reDue# from #&e S#a#e
$ar#y, #&e C&air$eron may decide #o defer i# conidera#ion of #&e
im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan# in #&e S#a#e $ar#y for one eion
E. Consolidation of reports
49 /# i# ..#& mee#in', &eld on 22 November 2001 (#&ir#yeven#&
eion), #&e Commi##ee revie%ed #&e i#ua#ion of overdue re$or#, includin'
recen# ubmiion of everal lon' overdue re$or#, and decided a follo%A
(a) @&e Commi##ee %ill acce$# from S#a#e $ar#ie #&a# &ave never
ubmi##ed a re$or# under #&e Covenan#, a one#ime ubmiion of u$ #o #&ree
re$or# conolida#ed in a in'le documen#, in order #o brin' #&em u$ #o da#e
%i#& #&eir re$or#in' obli'a#ionK
(b) / conolida#ed re$or# &ould con#ain a 'eneral overvie% of
im$or#an# develo$men# in rela#ion #o #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan#
over #&e en#ire $eriod covered by #&e re$or# ubmi##ed and $reen# de#ailed
informa#ion on #&e $reen# i#ua#ion
8. (ction )y the Committee #ith regard to information on economic,
social and cultural rights recei'ed from sources other than the States
parties
1. *nformation pro'ided in connection #ith the consideration )y the
Committee of a State party report
.0 @&e Commi##ee alo #a5e in#o accoun# #&e informa#ion $rovided #o i#
by ource o#&er #&an #&e S#a#e $ar#y in connec#ion %i#& i# conidera#ion of
a S#a#e $ar#y; re$or# @&a# informa#ion, bein' an in#e'ral $ar# of #&e
Commi##ee; con#ruc#ive dialo'ue %i#& a S#a#e $ar#y, i made available by
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#&e ecre#aria# #o #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned in advance of #&e Commi##ee;
conidera#ion of #&e re$or# of #&a# S#a#e $ar#y
2. *nformation recei'ed follo#ing consideration )y the Committee of a
State party report and adoption of concluding o)ser'ations
.! On variou occaion in #&e $a#, #&e Commi##ee &a received
informa#ion, mainly from non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion, af#er
conidera#ion of #&e S#a#e $ar#y; re$or# and ado$#ion of concludin'
oberva#ion #&ereon +n fac# #&i %a follo%u$ informa#ion on #&e
Commi##ee; concluion and recommenda#ion No# bein' in a $oi#ion #o
conider and ac# u$on uc& informa#ion %i#&ou# reo$enin' i# dialo'ue %i#&
a S#a#e $ar#y (e8ce$# in cae $ecifically addreed in concludin'
oberva#ion), #&e Commi##ee %ill conider and ac# u$on #&e informa#ion
received from ource o#&er #&an a S#a#e $ar#y only in cae %&ere uc&
informa#ion &a been $ecifically reDue#ed in i# concludin' oberva#ion
.2 @&e Commi##ee conider #&a#, follo%in' i# conidera#ion of #&e S#a#e
$ar#y re$or# and ado$#ion of concludin' oberva#ion, #&e $rimary
re$onibili#y for #&eir im$lemen#a#ion lie %i#& #&e na#ional 7overnmen#,
%&ic& i bound #o re$or# on meaure #a5en in #&i re$ec# #o #&e Commi##ee
in i# ne8# $eriodic re$or# @&erefore, #&e Commi##ee recommend #&a#
informa#ion referred #o in #&e $recedin' $ara'ra$& be ubmi##ed by au#&or
direc#ly #o na#ional com$e#en# au#&ori#ie %i#& a vie% #o ai#in' #&em in
im$lemen#in' #&e Commi##ee; concludin' oberva#ion
3. *nformation pro'ided #ith respect to nonreporting States parties
.* @&e Commi##ee &a alo been receivin' informa#ion from in#erna#ional
and na#ional non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion on #&e #a#u of #&e
im$lemen#a#ion of economic, ocial and cul#ural ri' byA
(a) S#a#e $ar#ie #&a# &ave no# ubmi##ed any re$or# a# all ince
ra#ifica#ion of #&e +n#erna#ional Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural
Ri' and i# en#ry in#o forceK
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(b) S#a#e $ar#ie %i#& lon' overdue $eriodic re$or#
.4 +n bo#& cae #&e S#a#e $ar#ie; failure #o com$ly %i#& #&eir
obli'a#ion under #&e Covenan#, and in $ar#icular %i#& #&eir re$or#in'
obli'a#ion, &ad made i# im$oible for #&e Commi##ee #o moni#or
effec#ively #&e im$lemen#a#ion by #&oe S#a#e of #&e economic, ocial and
cul#ural ri' e# for#& in #&e Covenan# in accordance %i#& #&e manda#e
conferred on #&e Commi##ee by #&e Economic and Social Council
.. /# i# #&ir#ie#& eion in 200*, #&e Commi##ee, in a $iri# of o$en and
con#ruc#ive dialo'ue %i#& S#a#e $ar#ie, decided #&a# in bo#& cae referred
#o above, i# may #a5e #&e follo%in' ac#ion on a caebycae baiA
(a) @&e Commi##ee may informally brin' #o #&e a##en#ion of #&e
S#a#e $ar#y concerned #&e informa#ion received and ur'e #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o
ubmi# i# overdue re$or# %i#&ou# fur#&er delayK
(b) @&e Commi##ee may formally #&rou'& a le##er from #&e
C&air$eron brin' #o #&e a##en#ion of #&e S#a#e $ar#y concerned #&e
informa#ion received and ur'e #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o ubmi# i# overdue re$or#
%i#&ou# fur#&er delay @&e Commi##ee may formally reDue# #&e S#a#e $ar#y
#o $rovide i# %i#& informa#ion addrein' iue raied in #&e ubmiion of
non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion and #o ubmi# i# overdue re$or# %i#&ou#
fur#&er delay @&a# le##er %ill alo be made available #o #&e non
'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion concerned u$on reDue#
&. -ay of general discussion
.1 /# eac& eion, #&e Commi##ee devo#e one day, uually #&e Monday
of #&e #&ird %ee5, #o a 'eneral dicuion of a $ar#icular ri' or of a
$ar#icular a$ec# of #&e Covenan# @&e $ur$oe i #&reefoldA uc& a 'eneral
dicuion ai# #&e Commi##ee in develo$in' in 'rea#er de$#& i#
under#andin' of #&e relevan# iueK i# enable #&e Commi##ee #o encoura'e
in$u# in#o i# %or5 from all in#ere#ed $ar#ieK and &el$ #&e Commi##ee #o
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lay #&e bai for a fu#ure 'eneral commen# @&e iue #&a# &ave been #&e
focu of dicuion &eld #o da#e by #&e Commi##ee may be found in anne8
?+ #o #&e $reen# re$or#
:. ther consultations
. @&e Commi##ee &a ou' #o coordina#e i# %or5 %i#& #&a# of o#&er
bodie #o #&e 'rea#e# e8#en# $oible and #o dra% a %idely a i# can on
available e8$er#ie in #&e field of i# com$e#ence @&e Commi##ee &a alo
ou' #o dra% on #&e e8$er#ie of #&e relevan# $eciali-ed a'encie and
"ni#ed Na#ion bodie, bo#& in i# %or5 a a %&ole and, more $ar#icularly, in
#&e con#e8# of i# 'eneral dicuion +# &a alo coni#en#ly invi#ed
individual uc& a $ecial ra$$or#eur of #&e :uman Ri' Council and #&e
Commiion on :uman Ri' and SubCommiion on #&e 3romo#ion and
3ro#ec#ion of :uman Ri', c&air$eron of Council and Commiion
%or5in' 'rou$ and o#&er #o addre i# and en'a'e in dicuion
. +n addi#ion, #&e Commi##ee &a invi#ed a varie#y of e8$er# %&o &ave a
$ar#icular in#ere# in, and 5no%led'e of, ome of #&e iue under revie% #ocon#ribu#e #o i# dicuion @&ee con#ribu#ion &ave added #o i#
under#andin' of ome a$ec# of #&e Due#ion ariin' under #&e Covenan#
*. 6articipation of nongo'ernmental organiations in the #or% of the
Committee
.9 +n order #o enure #&a# #&e Commi##ee i a %ell informed a $oible,
i# $rovide o$$or#uni#ie for non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion #o ubmi#
relevan# informa#ion #o i#4@&ey may do o in %ri#in' a# any #ime $rior #o
#&e conidera#ion of a 'iven S#a#e $ar#y; re$or# @&e Commi##ee; $re
eional %or5in' 'rou$ i alo o$en #o #&e ubmiion of informa#ion in
4 Official Records of the Economic and Social Council* #&&$*Supplement No+ # (E200!22EC!220002!), anne8 ?A INon'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion $ar#ici$a#ion in #&e ac#ivi#ie of #&e Commi##eeon Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri'J
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$eron or in %ri#in' from any non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion, $rovided #&a#
i# rela#e #o ma##er on #&e a'enda of #&e %or5in' 'rou$ +n addi#ion, #&e
Commi##ee e# aide $ar# of #&e fir# af#ernoon a# eac& of i# eion #o
enable re$reen#a#ive of non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion #o $rovide oral
informa#ion Suc& informa#ion &ouldA (a) focu $ecifically on #&e
$roviion of #&e +n#erna#ional Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural
Ri'K (b) be of direc# relevance #o ma##er under conidera#ion by #&e
Commi##eeK (c) be credibleK (d) no# be abuive @&e relevan# mee#in' i o$en
and $rovided %i#& in#er$re#a#ion and $re ervice, bu# i no# covered by
ummary record
10 @&e Commi##ee &a reDue#ed #&e ecre#aria# #o enure #&a# %ri##en
informa#ion formally ubmi##ed #o i# by non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion in
rela#ion #o #&e conidera#ion of a $ecific S#a#e $ar#y re$or# i made
available a oon a $oible #o #&e re$reen#a#ive of #&e S#a#e $ar#y
concerned 3rior #o a eion, #&i i normally done #&rou'& $o#in' on #&e
%ebi#e of #&e Office of #&e :i'& Commiioner for :uman Ri', and
direc# delivery #o #&e re$reen#a#ive of #&e concerned S#a#e $ar#y durin' #&e
dialo'ue @&e Commi##ee #&erefore aume #&a# if any of #&i informa#ion i
referred #o durin' #&e dialo'ue %i#& #&e S#a#e $ar#y, #&e la##er %ill already be
a%are of #&e informa#ion
1! +n an effor# #o ecure #&e mo# effec#ive and %ide# $oible
$ar#ici$a#ion of non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion in i# ac#ivi#ie, #&e
Commi##ee ado$#ed, a# i# #%en#yfour#& eion in 2000, a documen# #&a#
e8$lain #&e modali#ie of #&eir $ar#ici$a#ion in #&e Commi##ee; %or5 and
$rovide de#ailed 'uideline for non'overnmen#al or'ani-a#ion %i#& a
vie% #o facili#a#in' #&eir coo$era#ion %i#& #&e Commi##ee .
. +bid
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=. &eneral comments
12 +n re$one #o an invi#a#ion addreed #o i# by #&e Economic and
Social Council, #&e Commi##ee decided #o be'in, a from i# #&ird eion,
#&e $re$ara#ion of 'eneral commen# baed on #&e variou ar#icle and
$roviion of #&e Covenan#, in $ar#icular %i#& a vie% #o ai#in' #&e S#a#e
$ar#ie in fulfillin' #&eir obli'a#ion under #&e Covenan# / of 20
November 2009, #&e Commi##ee &ad ado$#ed 2! 'eneral commen# (ee
anne8 +++ #o #&e $reen# re$or#)
1* y #&e end of i# for#y#&ird eion (20 November 2009), #&e
Commi##ee and #&e 'overnmen#al e8$er# eional %or5in' 'rou$, %&ic&
e8i#ed $rior #o #&e crea#ion of #&e Commi##ee, &ad e8amined $ar#ial re$or#
concernin' ri' covered by ar#icle 1 #o 9, !0 #o !2 or !* #o !. of #&e
Covenan#, and com$re&enive re$or# coverin' all #&e ub#an#ive ar#icle,
ubmi##ed by !20 of #&e !. S#a#e $ar#ie #o #&e Covenan# %&ic& &ad
re$or# due by #&en1@&e #o#al number of S#a#e $ar#ie #o #&e Covenan#
reac&ed !10 by #&e end of #&e for#y#&ird eion @&ey re$reen#ed all
re'ion of #&e %orld, %i#& differen# $oli#ical, le'al, ocioeconomic andcul#ural y#em @&e re$or# ubmi##ed #o da#e &ave illu#ra#ed many of #&e
$roblem #&a# mi' arie in im$lemen#in' #&e Covenan#
14 @&rou'& i# 'eneral commen#, #&e Commi##ee endeavour #o ma5e #&e
e8$erience 'ained #&rou'& #&e e8amina#ion of S#a#e; re$or# available for
#&e benefi# of all S#a#e $ar#ie in order #o ai# and $romo#e #&eir fur#&er
im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan#K #o dra% #&e a##en#ion of #&e S#a#e $ar#ie
#o inufficiencie dicloed by a lar'e number of re$or#K #o u''e#
im$rovemen# in #&e re$or#in' $rocedureK and #o #imula#e #&e ac#ivi#ie of
#&e S#a#e $ar#ie, in#erna#ional or'ani-a#ion and #&e $eciali-ed a'encie
concerned in ac&ievin' $ro'reively and effec#ively #&e full reali-a#ion of
#&e ri' reco'ni-ed in #&e Covenan#
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may, in #&e li' of #&e e8$erience of S#a#e $ar#ie and of #&e concluion
dra%n #&erefrom, revie and u$da#e i# 'eneral commen#
1. /# i# #%en#yfir# eion, #&e Commi##ee ado$#ed #&e ou#line for
draf#in' 'eneral commen# on $ecific ri' en&rined in #&e Covenan#
@&e Commi##ee a'reed #&a# #&e ubGec# ma##er of a $ar#icular 'eneral
commen# %ould influence #&e overall #ruc#ure of #&a# commen# and
oberved #&a# #&e ou#line %a no# in#ended #o be #ric#ly ad&ered #o
:o%ever, #&e ou#line $rovided ueful i'n$o#, a c&ec5li# of iue #o be
conidered in #&e $roce of draf#in' a 'eneral commen# +n #&i re$ec#, #&e
ou#line %ould ai# in enurin' coni#ency in #&e con#en#, forma# and ambi#
of 'eneral commen# #o be ado$#ed by #&e Commi##ee @&e Commi##ee
em$&ai-ed #&e im$or#ance of enurin' #&a# 'eneral commen# are reader
friendly, of reaonable len'#& and readily under#andable #o a broad ran'e of
reader, $rimarily S#a#e $ar#ie #o #&e Covenan# @&e ou#line %ill ai# in
enurin' coni#ency and clari#y in #&e #ruc#ure of #&e 'eneral commen#,
#&u $romo#in' #&eir acceibili#y, and #ren'#&enin' #&e au#&ori#a#ive
in#er$re#a#ion of #&e Covenan# $rovided by #&e Commi##ee #&rou'& i#
'eneral commen#
>. Statements adopted )y the Committee
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Chapter *?
Su)mission of reports )y States parties under articles 14 and 15 of the
Co'enant
1 +n accordance %i#& rule . of i# rule of $rocedure, #&e Commi##ee, a#
i# 29#& mee#in' on 2 November 2009, conidered #&e #a#u of ubmiion
of re$or# under ar#icle !1 and ! of #&e Covenan#
1 +n #&a# connec#ion, #&e Commi##ee &ad before i# #&e follo%in'
documen#A
(a) No#e by #&e Secre#ary7eneral on #&e revied 'eneral 'uideline
re'ardin' #&e form and con#en# of re$or# #o be ubmi##ed by S#a#e $ar#ie
(EC!22002)K
(b) No#e of #&e Secre#ary7eneral on #&e S#a#e $ar#ie #o #&e
Covenan# and #&e #a#u of ubmiion of re$or# a a# 9 Se$#ember 2009
(EC!24*2)
19 @&e Secre#ary7eneral informed #&e Commi##ee #&a#, in addi#ion #o #&e
re$or# c&eduled for conidera#ion by #&e Commi##ee a# i# for#yecond andfor#y#&ird eion (ee $ara'ra$& 0 and ! belo%), &e &ad received, from
2* November 200 #o 20 November 2009, #&e follo%in' re$or# ubmi##ed
under ar#icle !1 and ! of #&e Covenan# by S#a#e $ar#ieA
@&e ini#ial re$or# of @ur5meni#an (EC!2@>M!), 3eru
(EC!23ER!4), E#&io$ia (EC!2!4), @an-ania (EC!2@F/!4)
and Mauri#ania (EC!2MR@!)K #&e econd $eriodic re$or# of
Cameroon (EC!2CMR!2), Slova5ia (EC!2S?>2) and +ran(EC!2+RN2)K #&e #&ird $eriodic re$or# of E#onia (EC!2ES@*),
+rael (EC!2+SR*), Ne% Fealand (EC!2NF*), /r'en#ina
(EC!2/R7*), Ecuador (EC!2EC"*) and /-erbaiGan
(EC!2/FE*)K #&e combined four#& and fif#& $eriodic re$or# of
ul'aria (EC!27R4.)K #&e fif#& re$or# of S$ain (EC!2ES3.)
See no#e ! above
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Chapter ?
Consideration of reports su)mitted )y States parties under articles 14
and 15 of the Co'enant
0 /# i# for#yecond eion, #&e Commi##ee e8amined #&e follo%in'
re$or# ubmi##ed by five S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 and ! of #&e
Covenan#A
.nitial report
Cambodia EC!2>:M!
Second periodic report
ra-il EC!2R/2Fourth periodic report
/u#ralia EC!2/"S4
"ni#ed >in'dom EC!27R.
Cy$ru EC!2C3.
! /# i# for#y#&ird eion, #&e Commi##ee e8amined #&e follo%in'
re$or# ubmi##ed by five S#a#e $ar#ie under ar#icle !1 and ! of #&e
Covenan#A
.nitial report
C&ad EC!2@C* (Combined ini#ial and
econd and #&ird $eriodic re$or#)
Second periodic report
Mada'acar EC!2M72
@&e emocra#ic Re$ublic of #&e
Con'o
EC!2CO. (Combined econd,
#&ird,four#& and fif#& $eriodic re$or#)
/hird periodic report
Re$ublic of >orea EC!2RO>*
Fifth periodic report
3oland EC!23O.
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2 @&e Commi##ee conidered #&e ini#ial #o #&ird re$or# of C&ad, in #&e
abence of a dele'a#ion under rule 12 (*) of #&e rule of $rocedure, a #&e
dele'a#ion could no# a##end #&e eion a $lanned
* /# i# ei'& eion, #&e Commi##ee &ad decided #o dicon#inue i#
$rac#ice of includin' in i# annual re$or# ummarie of #&e conidera#ion of
coun#ry re$or# Reference i made, in #&i re'ard, #o #&e relevan# ummary
record of #&e mee#in' of #&e Commi##ee a# %&ic& #&e re$or# %ere
conidered +n accordance %i#& modified rule . of #&e Commi##ee; rule of
$rocedure, #&e annual re$or# &ould include #&e Commi##ee; concludin'
oberva#ion rela#in' #o eac& S#a#e $ar#y; re$or# /ccordin'ly, #&e
follo%in' $ara'ra$&, arran'ed on a coun#rybycoun#ry bai accordin' #o
#&e eDuence follo%ed by #&e Commi##ee in i# conidera#ion of #&e re$or#,
con#ain #&e concludin' oberva#ion ado$#ed by #&e Commi##ee %i#& re$ec#
#o #&e S#a#e $ar#ie; re$or# conidered a# i# for#yecond and for#y#&ird
eion +n accordance %i#& e#abli&ed Commi##ee $rac#ice, member do
no# #a5e $ar# in ei#&er #&e dra%in' u$ or #&e ado$#ion of #&e concludin'
oberva#ion rela#in' #o #&eir o%n coun#ry; re$or#
Forty-second session
(ustralia
4 @&e Commi##ee on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri' conidered
#&e four#& $eriodic re$or# of /u#ralia on #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e
+n#erna#ional Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri'
(EC!2/"S4) a# i# *rd, 4#& and .#& mee#in', &eld on . and 1 May 2009
(EC!22009SR*, 4 and .), and ado$#ed, a# i# 21#& mee#in' &eld on 20
May 2009, #&e follo%in' concludin' oberva#ion
(. *ntroduction
. @&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e o$en and con#ruc#ive dialo'ue %i#& #&e
dele'a#ion of #&e S#a#e $ar#y, a %ell a i# com$re&enive %ri##en re$lie #o
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i# li# of iue (EC!2/"S4 and /dd!) :o%ever, i# re're# #&a# #&e
forma# c&oen in $re$arin' #&e four#& $eriodic re$or# of /u#ralia did no#
$rovide #&e Commi##ee %i#& a ub#an#ive re$or# on #&e meaure ado$#ed by
#&e S#a#e $ar#y #o 'ive effec# #o #&e Covenan# ri' and on #&e $ro're
made in ac&ievin' #&e obervance of #&oe ri'
1 @&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e conul#a#ive con#ribu#ion of #&e
/u#ralian :uman Ri' Commiion #o #&e S#a#e $ar#y re$or#in' $roce,
a %ell a #&e $ar#ici$a#ion and frui#ful con#ribu#ion of non'overnmen#al
or'ani-a#ion #o #&e Commi##ee; %or5
. 6ositi'e aspects
@&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e $arliamen#ary a$olo'y #o #&e
indi'enou $eo$le, vic#im of #&e IS#olen 7enera#ionJ $olicie, iued on
!* 6ebruary 200, and ac5no%led'e #&e S#a#e $ar#y; commi#men# #o build
a u#ained and con#ruc#ive $ar#ner&i$ %i#& indi'enou $eo$le, and #o
cloe #&e 'a$ in #&e enGoymen# of #&e Covenan# ri' be#%een indi'enou
and nonindi'enou /u#ralian
@&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& a#ifac#ion #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y &a
re$ealed le'al $roviion %&ic& dicrimina#ed a'ain# amee8 cou$le in
rela#ion #o financial and %or5rela#ed benefi#
9 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& a$$recia#ion #&e 6air
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icrimina#ion a'ain#
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@urisdictions in the 8ederation )D consider the introduction of a
8ederal charter of rights that includes recognition and protection of
economic, social and cultural rights, as recommended )y the (ustralian
:uman Rights Commission cD esta)lish an effecti'e mechanism to
ensure the compati)ility of domestic la# #ith the Co'enant and to
guarantee effecti'e @udicial remedies for the protection of economic,
social and cultural rights.
. @&e Commi##ee re're# #&a# in 2002009 #&e S#a#e $ar#y &a devo#ed
only 0*2 $er cen# of i# 'ro na#ional income (7N+) #o official
develo$men# ai#ance (O/), %&erea #&e "ni#ed Na#ion #ar'e# for O/
i 0 $er cen# of 73 for develo$ed coun#rie
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party increase its official
de'elopment assistance to 0.5 per cent of its &-6, as reaffirmed at the
8ollo#up *nternational Conference on 8inancing for -e'elopment to
Re'ie# the *mplementation of the onterrey Consensus, held in -oha
on 29 !o'em)erF2 -ecem)er 2007.
1 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&e /u#ralian :uman Ri'Commiion &a limi#ed com$e#ency a re'ard #&e Covenan# ri' and
lac5 adeDua#e &uman and financial reource, %&ic& affec# i# ca$aci#y #o
fulfil i# role and func#ion
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party strengthen the
mandate of the (ustralian :uman Rights Commission in order to co'er
all the Co'enant rights and ensure that adeGuate human and financial
resources are allocated to this institution, in line #ith the 6aris
6rinciples.
@&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y; an#i
dicrimina#ion le'ila#ion doe no# $rovide com$re&enive $ro#ec#ion
a'ain# all form of dicrimina#ion in all area rela#ed #o #&e Covenan# ri'
(ar# 2, $ara 2)
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Ahe Committee recommends that the State party enact 8ederal
legislation to comprehensi'ely protect the rights to eGuality and non
discrimination on all the prohi)ited grounds.
@&e Commi##ee remain concerned #&a# ome of #&e Nor#&ern
@erri#ory +n#erven#ion meaure ado$#ed by #&e S#a#e $ar#y in re$one #o #&e
2000ittle Children are Sacredre$or#, are inconi#en# %i#& #&e Covenan#
ri', in $ar#icular %i#& #&e $rinci$le of nondicrimina#ion, and &ave a
ne'a#ive im$ac# on #&e reali-a#ion of #&e ri' of indi'enou $eo$le @&e
Commi##ee no#e %i#& re're# #&a# #&e Nor#&ern @erri#ory +n#erven#ion
meaure %ere ado$#ed %i#&ou# ufficien# and adeDua#e conul#a#ion %i#&
#&e indi'enou $eo$le concerned (ar# 2, $ara 2)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party aD address the human
rights 'iolations identified in the 2005Little Children are sacredreport
)earing in mind the recommendations of the 2007 report of the
!orthern Aerritory *nter'ention Response Re'ie# )oard in this regard
)D conduct formal consultations #ith the indigenous peoples concerned
regarding the operation and impact of the !orthern Aerritory
*nter'ention cD esta)lish a national indigenous representati'e )ody
#ith adeGuate resources dD ratify *H Con'ention !o. 149 1979D
concerning *ndigenous and Ari)al 6eoples in *ndependent Countries.
9 @&e Commi##ee re're# #&a# inufficien# meaure &ave been #a5en by
#&e S#a#e $ar#y #o enure an adeDua#e #andard of livin' for $eron %i#&
diabili#ie +n $ar#icular, i# no#e %i#& concern #&a# ec#ion .2 of #&e
iabili#y icrimina#ion /c# !992 e8em$# mi'ra#ion la%, re'ula#ion,$olicie and $rac#ice, from #&e effec# of #&e /c#, leadin' #o ne'a#ive
immi'ra#ion deciion baed on diabili#y or &eal#& condi#ion @&e
Commi##ee e8$ree concern a# #&e fac# #&a# #&i i#ua#ion &a &ad a
$ar#icularly ne'a#ive im$ac# on #&e familie of aylumee5er (ar# 2,
$ara 2K !0 and !!)
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Ahe Committee encourages the State party to strengthen its efforts
to#ards the adoption of concrete measures to ena)le persons #ith
disa)ilities to fully en@oy the rights guaranteed )y the Co'enant. *t
recommends that the igration (ct 197 and the -isa)ility
-iscrimination (ct 1992 )e amended to ensure that the rights to
eGuality and nondiscrimination apply to all aspects of migration la#,
policy and practice.
90 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# de$i#e #&e S#a#e $ar#y;
effor# #o im$rove 'ender eDuali#y, a %a'e 'a$ #ill $eri# be#%een men
and %omen in #&e %or5$lace, $ar#icularly in mana'erial $oi#ion +# i alo
concerned a# #&e lo% $ercen#a'e of %omen in &i'&ran5in' $oi#ion in
$oli#ical and $ublic life (ar# *)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party continue
strengthening its effort to enhance eGuality )et#een men and #omen in
the #or%place, in particular those initiati'es aimed at implementing the
principle of eGual pay for #or% of eGual 'alue. Ahe State party should
consider implementing the recommendation of the Senate Hegal and
Constitutional (ffairs Committee in relation to amending the Se
-iscrimination (ct 197.
9! @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&e &i'& unem$loymen# ra#e
amon' indi'enou $eo$le, aylumee5er, mi'ran# and $eo$le %i#&
diabili#ie, and #&e i'nifican# difficul#ie #&ey face #o enGoy #&eir ri' #o
%or5 eDually (ar# 2, $ara 2K and 1
Ahe Committee recommends that special programmes and measures )e
designed to address the significant )arriers to the en@oyment of the
right to #or% faced )y many indigenous people, asylumsee%ers,
migrants and people #ith disa)ilities, including measures to protect
them from eploitation.
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92 @&e Commi##ee i concerned #&a# $roviion of #&e uildin' and
Con#ruc#ion +ndu#ry +m$rovemen# /c# 200. eriouly affec# freedom of
aocia#ion of buildin' and con#ruc#ion %or5er, by im$oin' i'nifican#
$enal#ie for indu#rial ac#ion, includin' i8 mon#& of incarcera#ion @&e
Commi##ee i alo concerned #&a# before %or5er can la%fully #a5e
indu#rial ac#ion a# lea# .0 $er cen# of em$loyee mu# vo#e in a ecre#
ballo# and a maGori#y mu# vo#e in favour of #a5in' #&e indu#rial ac#ion
%&ic& unduly re#ric# #&e ri' #o #ri5e, a laid do%n in ar#icle of #&e
Covenan# and +O Conven#ion No (!94) concernin' 6reedom of
/ocia#ion and 3ro#ec#ion of #&e Ri' #o Or'anie (ar# )
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party continue its efforts to
impro'e the realiation of #or%ers rights under the Co'enant. *t should
remo'e, in la# and in practice, o)stacles and restrictions to the right to
stri%e, #hich are inconsistent #ith the pro'isions of article 7 of the
Co'enant and *H Con'ention !o. 75. *n particular, the Committee
recommends that the State party a)rogate the pro'isions of the
uilding and Construction *ndustry *mpro'ement (ct 200 that
imposes penalties, including si months of incarceration, for industrial
action and consider amending the 8air
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Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e additional
measures, legislati'e or other#ise, to ensure uni'ersal co'erage of the
social security system so as to include asylumsee%ers, ne#ly arri'ed
immigrants and indigenous peoples. Ahe Committee also recommends
that social security )enefits, including unemployment )enefits, oldage
pensions and youth allo#ance ena)le recipients to en@oy an adeGuate
standard of li'ing. Ahe Committee strongly recommends that the State
party re'ie# conditionalities such as Imutual o)ligationsJ in the
#elfare to #or% programme and the IGuarantiningJ of #elfare
payments under the !orthern Aerritory *nter'ention that may ha'e a
puniti'e effect on disad'antaged and marginalied families, #omen and
children. Ahe Committee further recommends that the State party
consider ratifying *H Con'ention !o. 102 192D concerning
inimum Standards of Social Security.
94 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y &a no#
in#roduced a $aid ma#erni#y leave c&eme ye#, in $i#e of #&e Commi##ee;
recommenda#ion ado$#ed in 2000 (ar# !0)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party introduce a
compulsory paid maternity and paternity lea'e scheme and consider
ratifying *H Con'entions !o. 103 192D concerning inimum
Standards of Social Security and !o. 173 2000D concerning the
Re'ision of the aternity 6rotection Con'ention Re'isedD, 192.
9. @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a#, de$i#e #&e effor# under#a5en
by #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o addre dome#ic violence, includin' violence a'ain#%omen, #&i $rac#ice $eri# in /u#ralia, and affec# in $ar#icular
indi'enou %omen (ar# !0)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e appropriate
measures, including specific legislati'e measures criminaliing acts of
domestic 'iolence. *n particular, the State party should consider
adopting the (ustralian :uman Rights Commission;s proposals related
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to the de'elopment of the ne# 6lan of (ction to Reduce ?iolence
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Ahe Committee urges the State party to ta%e all necessary measures to
com)at po'erty and social eclusion, and to de'elop a comprehensi'e
po'erty reduction and social inclusion strategy #hich should integrate
the economic, social and cultural rights, in line #ith the Committee;s
statement on 6o'erty and the *nternational Co'enant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights E/2002/22E.12/2001/15, anne ?**D. Ahe
Committee recommends that the State party adopt e'aluation measures
to assess the impact of its po'erty and social reduction strategies and
identify its #ea%nesses, and reGuests that the State party include, in its
net report, comparati'e data disaggregated )y gender, age, rural and
ur)an populations, as #ell as indicators on the num)er of persons li'ing
in etreme po'erty, and on the progress made in its efforts to com)at
po'erty.
9 @&e Commi##ee i concerned a# #&e re#en#ion of #&e manda#ory
de#en#ion $olicy for aylumee5er for unau#&ori-ed arrival and no#e #&a#
in i# 200 +mmi'ra#ion e#en#ion Re$or#, #&e /u#ralian :uman Ri'
Commiion e8$reed eriou concern abou# #&e immi'ra#ion de#en#ion
facili#ie, in $ar#icular in C&ri#ma +land +# i alo concerned a# #&e fac#
#&a# ome aylumee5er are de#ained for $rolon'ed and indefini#e $eriod
of #ime, %&ic& reul# in a ne'a#ive im$ac# on #&eir men#al &eal#&, in $i#e of
#&e meaure #a5en by #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o im$rove #&e $ro#ec#ion of aylum
ee5er, includin' i# ne% Ieven valueJ $olicy (ar# 2, $ara 2K !! and
!2)
Ahe Committee encourages the State party to implement #ithout delay
its ne# Ise'en 'aluesJ in policy, and carry out the (ustralian :uman
Rights Commission;s recommendations adopted in its 2007
*mmigration -etention Report, including the repeal of the mandatory
immigration detention system and the closure of the Christmas *sland
-etention Centre.
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99 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&e incidence of &omelene
&a increaed in #&e S#a#e $ar#y over #&e la# decade, mainly affec#in'
indi'enou $eo$le, in $i#e of #&e meaure under#a5en by #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o
addre &omelene in /u#ralia, includin' i# Na#ional :ouin' S#ra#e'y,
a %ell a i# commi#men# #o &alve &omelene by 2020 and #o im$rove
&ouin' affordabili#y for vulnerable individual (ar# !!)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e effecti'e
measures, in line #ith the Committee;s general comment !o. 1991D
on the right to adeGuate housing article 11, paragraph 1, of the
Co'enantD, to address homelessness in its territory. Ahe State party
should implement the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on
the Right to (deGuate :ousing contained in the report of his mission to
(ustralia (/:RC//17/(dd.2D. Ahe Committee reGuests the State party
to pro'ide, in its net periodic report, disaggregated data and
information #hich #ill allo# the Committee to assess the progress
made )y the State party in impro'ing the housing situation in its
territory, in particular #ith respect to indigenous peoples.
!00 @&e Commi##ee i concerned a# #&e ne'a#ive im$ac# of clima#e c&an'e
on #&e ri' #o an adeDua#e #andard of livin', includin' on #&e ri' #o food
and #&e ri' #o %a#er, affec#in' in $ar#icular indi'enou $eo$le, in $i#e of
#&e S#a#e $ar#y; reco'ni#ion of #&e c&allen'e im$oed by clima#e c&an'e
(ar# !, $ara !)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e all the necessary
and adeGuate measures to ensure the en@oyment of the right to food andof the right to afforda)le drin%ing #ater and sanitation in particular )y
indigenous peoples, using a human rights)ased approach, in line #ith
the Committee;s general comments !o. 1 2002D on the right to #ater,
!o. 1 2000D on the right to the highest attaina)le standard of health
and !o. 12 1999D on the right to food. *t also recommends that the
State party intensify its efforts to address issues of climate change,
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including through car)on reduction schemes. Ahe State party is
encouraged to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and to ta%e all the
necessary and adeGuate measures to mitigate the ad'erse conseGuences
of climate change, impacting the right to food and the right to #ater for
indigenous peoples, and put in place effecti'e mechanisms to guarantee
consultation of affected ()original and Aorres Strait *slander peoples,
so to ena)le them to eercise their rights to an informed decision as #ell
as to harness the potential of their traditional %no#ledge and culture in
land management and conser'ationD.
!0! +n $i#e of #&e S#a#e $ar#y; commi#men# #o Icloe #&e 'a$J in 5ey
&eal#& indica#or be#%een indi'enou and nonindi'enou $eo$le, #&e
Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&e con#inuin' &i'& level of ill &eal#& amon'
indi'enou $eo$le, in $ar#icular %omen and c&ildren (ar# 2, $ara 2K and
!2)
Ahe Committee calls on the State party to ta%e immediate steps to
impro'e the health situation of indigenous people, in particular #omen
and children, including )y implementing a human rights frame#or%
that ensures access to the social determinants of health such as housing,
safe drin%ing #ater, electricity and effecti'e sanitation systems.
8urther, the Committee in'ites the State party to identify disaggregated
health indicators and appropriate national )enchmar%s in relation to
the right to health, in line #ith the Committee;s general comment !o.
1, and to include information on the process of identifying such
indicators and )enchmar%s in its net periodic report.
!02 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# &eal#& ervice in $rion are
'enerally inadeDua#e, and in $ar#icular, dru' abue and #&e &i'& ra#e of
e8ually #ranmi##ed dieae remain a eriou $roblem (ar# !2)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party aD de'elop adeGuate
strategies to pro'ide all detainees #ith appropriate health and medical
care, in line #ith the Committee;s general comment !o. 1 and the
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rele'ant "nited !ations standard minimum rules for the treatment of
prisoners )D ensure that adeGuate health care for prisoners )e ta%en
into account in its health programmes and policies cD encourage the
-etention :ealth (d'ocacy &roup to adopt a human rights)ased
approach #hen proposing reforms to the detention care system.
!0* @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&e inufficien# u$$or# for $eron
%i#& men#al &eal#& $roblem, a %ell a #&e difficul# acce #o men#al &eal#&
ervice, in $ar#icular for indi'enou $eo$le, $rioner and aylumee5er
in de#en#ion (ar# 2, $ara 2K and !2)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e effecti'emeasures to ensure the eGual en@oyment of the right to the highest
attaina)le standard of mental health, including )y aD allocating
adeGuate resources for mental health ser'ices and other support
measures for persons #ith mental health pro)lems in line #ith the
"nited !ations 6rinciples for the 6rotection of 6ersons #ith ental
*llness and the *mpro'ement of ental :ealth Care )D implementing
the recommendations of the (ustralian edical (ssociation;s 2007
report on indigenous health cD reducing the high rate of incarceration
of people #ith mental diseases dD ensuring that all prisoners recei'e an
adeGuate and appropriate mental health treatment #hen needed.
!04 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&e $eri#ence in #&e S#a#e $ar#y
of di$ari#ie in acce #o #&e educa#ional y#em for indi'enou $eo$le,
includin' #&oe livin' in remo#e area, com$ared %i#& #&e re# of #&e
$o$ula#ion, a %ell a #&e deficien# Duali#y of educa#ion $rovided #o $eronlivin' in remo#e area, in $ar#icular indi'enou $eo$le +# re're# #&a# acce
#o $rec&ool educa#ion i no# eDually 'uaran#eed #&rou'&ou# #&e S#a#e $ar#y
(ar# 2, $ara 2K and !*)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party produce accurate
national data on indigenous schoolage children in remote areas to
assess #hether the eisting education infrastructure and ser'ices meet
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the needs of indigenous peoples li'ing in remote areas. Ahe Committee
also recommends that #here'er the school pro'ision does not meet the
populations; needs, the State party de'elop an adeGuate national plan
to impro'e the educational system for indigenous peoples, including in
remote areas.
!0. @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a#, de$i#e #&e reform #o #&e
na#ive #i#le y#em, #&e &i'& co#, com$le8i#y and #ric# rule of evidence
a$$lyin' #o claim under #&e Na#ive @i#le /c#, &ave a ne'a#ive im$ac# on #&e
reco'ni#ion and $ro#ec#ion of #&e ri' of indi'enou $eo$le #o #&eir
ance#ral land (ar# !.)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party increase its efforts to
impro'e the operation of the !ati'e Aitle system, in consultation #ith
()original and Aorres Strait *slander 6eoples, and remo'e all o)stacles
to the realiation of the right to land of indigenous peoples.
!01 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# accordin' #o #&e Na#ional
+ndi'enou an'ua'e Survey, only abou# !4. of #&e ori'inal e#ima#ed 2.0
indi'enou lan'ua'e e8i# #oday in #&e S#a#e $ar#y, and mo# of #&em arecri#ically endan'ered @&e Commi##ee i alo concerned #&a#, de$i#e #&e
na#ional $ro'ramme, includin' #&e Na#ional /r# and Craf# +ndu#ry
Su$$or# 3ro'ram, #&e indi'enou cul#ural and in#ellec#ual $ro$er#y are no#
adeDua#ely $ro#ec#ed in #&e S#a#e $ar#y (ar# !.)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party aD strengthen its
efforts to guarantee the indigenous peoples; rights under articles 1 and
1 to en@oy their identity and culture, including through the
preser'ation of their traditional languages )D consider impro'ing the
aintenance of *ndigenous Hanguages and Records 6rogram cD
preser'e and promote )ilingual education at schools dD reform the
Copyright (ct 1974 to etend its legal protection to indigenous people
and eD de'elop a special intellectual property regime that protects the
collecti'e rights of indigenous peoples, including protection of their
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scientific products, traditional %no#ledge and medicine. Ahe
Committee also recommends that a registry of intellectual property
rights of indigenous peoples )e opened and that the State party ensure
that the profits deri'ed thereof )enefit them directly.
!0 @&e Commi##ee recommend #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y $rovide &uman ri'
educa#ion on economic, ocial and cul#ural ri' #o #uden# a# all level of
educa#ion and ma5e available e8#enive &uman ri' #rainin' for member
of all $rofeion and ec#or &avin' a direc# role in #&e $romo#ion and
$ro#ec#ion of &uman ri', includin' Gud'e, la%yer, civil ervan#,
#eac&er, la% enforcemen# officer, mi'ra#ion officer, #&e $olice and #&e
mili#ary
!0 @&e Commi##ee recommend #&a# #&e S#a#e $ar#y conider ra#ifyin' #&e
+n#erna#ional Conven#ion on #&e 3ro#ec#ion of #&e Ri' of /ll Mi'ran#
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rail
!!2 @&e Commi##ee on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri' conidered
#&e econd $eriodic re$or# of ra-il on #&e im$lemen#a#ion of #&e
+n#erna#ional Covenan# on Economic, Social and Cul#ural Ri'
(EC!2R/2) a# i# 1#&, #& and #& mee#in' &eld on 1 and May 2009
(EC!22009SR1) and ado$#ed, a# i# 2*rd mee#in' &eld on !9 May, #&e
follo%in' concludin' oberva#ion
(. *ntroduction
!!* @&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e ubmiion of #&e econd $eriodic
re$or# of #&e S#a#e $ar#y and #&e o$$or#uni#y #o en'a'e in a con#ruc#ive
dialo'ue %i#& #&e S#a#e $ar#y @&e Commi##ee alo %elcome #&e S#a#e
$ar#y; %ri##en re$lie #o i# li# of iue, a %ell a #&e re$one $rovided
by #&e mul#iec#oral dele'a#ion of #&e S#a#e $ar#y #o #&e Commi##ee; oral
Due#ion
. 6ositi'e aspects
!!4 @&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e le'ila#ive and o#&er meaure ado$#ed
by #&e S#a#e $ar#y ince #&e e8amina#ion of i# ini#ial re$or#, includin' #&e
follo%in'A
(a) a% No !!*40 (%aria da Penha 0a1), $aed in 2001, %&ic&
$rovide for #&e re$reion of dome#ic and family violence a'ain# %omen,
for $ro#ec#ive meaure and for ai#ance #o vic#imK
(b) @&e removal from #&e 3enal Code of #&e dicrimina#ory conce$#of an I&one# %omanJ, $reviouly a$$lied in cer#ain cae of e8ual
violence a'ain# %omenK
(c) @&e in#roduc#ion, in 200*, of #&e Na#ional ualifica#ion 3lan #o
coordina#e $ublic $olicie on em$loymen# for diadvan#a'ed 'rou$,
includin' indi'enou $eo$le, /frora-ilian and %omenK
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(d) @&e Na#ional Sc&ool 6ood 3ro'ramme e#abli&ed #o $rovide
meal free of c&ar'e for * million c&oolc&ildren in $ublic c&oolK
(e) @&e ra-il 6ree of :omo$&obia 3ro'ramme, %&ic& aim #o
$ro#ec# and $romo#e #&e ri' of &omoe8ual $eron, includin' #&eir ri'
#o $eronal ecuri#y, educa#ion, &eal#& and %or5K
(f) Com$ulory licenin' of :+?/+S an#ire#roviral dru' in order
#o ma5e #&em affordable and enable #&e e8#enion of #rea#men# #o all
$a#ien#K
(') @&e Na#ional :ouin' of Social +n#ere# Sy#em (SN:+S),
%&oe main #a5 i #o urbani-e lum, build &oue, and im$rove #&e
&ouin' condi#ion of lo%income 'rou$K
(&) @&e Na#ional 6und for :ouin' of Social +n#ere#, #o'e#&er %i#&
i# Mana'in' Council, dei'ned #o cen#rali-e and mana'e bud'e#ary
reource for $ro'ramme under #&e SN:+S
!!. @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& a#ifac#ion #&e broad conul#a#ion %i#&
civil ocie#y or'ani-a#ion in #&e $roce of #&e $re$ara#ion of #&e S#a#e
$ar#y; econd $eriodic re$or#
!!1 @&e Commi##ee %elcome #&e ra#ifica#ion by #&e S#a#e $ar#y of #&e
follo%in' in#erna#ional in#rumen#A
(a) +O Conven#ion No !19 concernin' +ndi'enou and @ribal
3eo$le in +nde$enden# Coun#rie (ra#ified in =uly 2002)K
(b) @&e 3ro#ocol #o 3reven#, Su$$re and 3uni& @raffic5in' in
3eron, E$ecially
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C. 8actors and difficulties impeding the implementation of the Co'enant
!! @&e Commi##ee no#e #&e abence of any i'nifican# fac#or or
difficul#ie im$edin' #&e effec#ive im$lemen#a#ion of #&e Covenan# in #&e
S#a#e $ar#y
-. 6rincipal su)@ects of concern and recommendations
!! @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&e Council on #&e efence of
#&e Ri' of #&e :uman 3eron &a ye# #o com$ly %i#& #&e !99* 3rinci$le
rela#in' #o #&e #a#u of na#ional in#i#u#ionfor #&e $romo#ion and $ro#ec#ion
of &uman ri' (#&e I3ari 3rinci$leJ)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party adopt the necessary
measures, legislati'e or other#ise, to ena)le the Council on the -efence
of the Rights of the :uman 6erson to fully conform to the 6aris
6rinciples. Ahe Committee also urges the State party to ensure that
economic, social and cultural rights are fully co'ered )y the mandate of
the Council on the -efence of the Rights of the :uman 6erson and that
the necessary resources are allocated for its effecti'e functioning.
!!9 @&e Commi##ee i dee$ly concerned abou# #&e cul#ure of violence and
im$uni#y $revalen# in #&e S#a#e $ar#y +n #&i re'ard, #&e Commi##ee i
concerned abou# re$or# #&a# &uman ri' defender, includin' #&oe
ai#in' individual and communi#ie in aer#in' #&eir economic, ocial
and cul#ural ri', are #&rea#ened, &araed and ubGec#ed #o violence,
freDuen#ly by $riva#e mili#ia commiioned by $riva#e and $ublic ac#or
@&e Commi##ee i alo dee$ly concerned abou# #&e re$or# of #&e failure of
#&e ra-ilian au#&ori#ie #o enure #&e afe#y of &uman ri' defender and
$roecu#e #&oe re$onible for commi##in' uc& ac#
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e all necessary
measures to com)at the culture of 'iolence and impunity pre'alent in
the State party and to ensure the protection of human rights defenders
against any 'iolence, threats, retaliation, pressure or any ar)itrary
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action as a conseGuence of their acti'ities. Ahe Committee recommends
that the State party impro'e its human rights training for la#
enforcement officials, especially police officers, and ensure that all
allegations of human rights 'iolations are promptly and thoroughly
in'estigated )y an independent )ody capa)le of prosecuting
perpetrators.
!20 @&e Commi##ee i concerned a# #&e lo% $ro're in #&e land reform
$roce no#%i#andin' #&e con#i#u#ional ri' #o $ro$er#y and elf
de#ermina#ion, a %ell a #&e enac#men# of le'ila#ion #o facili#a#e #&e
demarca#ion of land belon'in' #o #&e indi'enou $eo$le, #&e S#a#e $ar#y;
ado$#ion of #&e "ni#ed Na#ion eclara#ion on #&e Ri' of +ndi'enou
3eo$le (ado$#ed in 200) and i# ra#ifica#ion of +O Conven#ion No !19
(ar# !, $ara !)
Ahe Committee recalls the recommendation made in its concluding
o)ser'ations on the State party;s initial report in this regard
E/C.12/1/(dd.75, para. 7D and recommends that the State party
epeditiously complete the process of demarcation and allocation of
indigenous land in accordance #ith the Constitution and eisting la#s.
!2! @&e Commi##ee remain concerned abou# #&e $eri#en# ineDuali#ie in
economic condi#ion and aocia#ed ocial inGu#ice $revailin' in #&e S#a#e
$ar#y be#%een differen# re'ion, communi#ie and individual, de$i#e #&e
$oi#ive meaure #a5en by #&e S#a#e $ar#y in #&a# re'ard, uc& a #&e Fero
:un'er 3ro'ramme and #&e increae in #&e minimum %a'e (ar# 2, $ara 2)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party intensify its efforts to
reduce the persisting ineGualities and social in@ustice )et#een different
regions, communities and indi'iduals.
!22 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&a# #&ere remain a i'nifican#
dicre$ancy be#%een #&e re$ec#ive life e8$ec#ancie of #&e blac5 and %&i#e
$o$ula#ion de$i#e #&e increae in #&e avera'e life e8$ec#ancy from 1.1
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year in #&e early !990 #o !1 year in 2004 6ur#&ermore, #&e Commi##ee
remain concerned a# #&e i'nifican# difference in #&e $over#y level of blac5
and %&i#e $o$ula#ion 'rou$, %&ile no#in' #&a# #&e overall $over#y indica#or
in #&e S#a#e $ar#y im$roved be#%een 200! and 2004 (ar# 2, $ara 2)
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party ta%e all appropriate
measures to address the discrepancy )et#een the life epectancies and
po'erty le'els of the )lac% and #hite population groups through a
sharper focus on health and po'erty eradication programmes for the
former. Ahe Committee reGuests updated statistical information and
data on life epectancy and po'erty le'els in the State party,
disaggregated )y region and ethnic group.
!2* @&e Commi##ee no#e #&a# illi#eracy ra#e remain a $roblem in #&e
S#a#e $ar#y and #&a# ineDuali#ie $eri# in li#eracy level be#%een #&e %&i#e
and blac5 $o$ula#ion @&e Commi##ee i fur#&er concerned #&a# #&e avera'e
illi#eracy ra#e i i'nifican#ly &i'&er in rural area in #&e nor#& of #&e S#a#e
$ar#y (ar# 2, $ara 2)
Ahe Committee urges the State party to strengthen remedial action to
address the pro)lem of illiteracy, particularly in rural areas and in the
(frorailian community.
!24 @&e Commi##ee i concerned #&a# $eron %i#& diabili#ie #ill uffer
dicrimina#ion in acce #o em$loymen# de$i#e #&e Duo#a for #&e
em$loymen# of $eron %i#& diabili#ie in bo#& #&e $ublic and $riva#e
ec#or (ar# 2, $ara 2)
Ahe Committee encourages the State party to effecti'ely implement its
measures to o'ercome the o)stacles faced )y persons #ith disa)ilities in
accessing the la)our mar%et.
!2. @&e Commi##ee i concerned #&a# ne'a#ive 'ender role $eri#,
includin' #&e re$reen#a#ion of %omen a e8 obGec# and #&e #radi#ional
#ereo#y$e of %omen in #&e family and ocie#y, and #&a# #&ee may render
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%omen more vulnerable #o dome#ic and o#&er form of violence Moreover,
al#&ou'& %omen in 'eneral &ave a &i'&er educa#ional level #&an men, #&ey
are #ill underre$reen#ed in elec#ed office and admini#ra#ive and
mana'erial $o#, are concen#ra#ed in le remunera#ive andor $ar##ime
em$loymen# and receive lo%er avera'e $ay and limi#ed ocial $ro#ec#ion
(ar# *)
Ahe Committee urges the State party to enforce its legislation on gender
eGuality, and to ta%e all effecti'e measures, including through the use of
media and education, to o'ercome the traditional stereotypes regarding
the status of #omen in the pu)lic and pri'ate spheres and to ensure, in
practice, eGuality )et#een men and #omen in all fields of life, as
pro'ided for in articles 2, paragraph 2, and 3 of the Co'enant. *n this
regard, the Committee dra#s the attention of the State party to its
general comment !o. 14 200D on the eGual right of men and #omen to
the en@oyment of all economic, social and cultural rights and its general
comment !o. 19 2005D on the right to social security.
!21 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern #&e lar'e number of ra-ilian
em$loyed under in&uman and de'radin' condi#ion imilar #o lavery or
ubGec#ed #o forced labour and o#&er e8$loi#a#ive labour condi#ion,
$ar#icularly in fore# clearin', lo''in', and #&e &arve#in' of u'ar cane, and
i concerned #&a# #&e $&enomenon of forced labour di$ro$or#iona#ely
affec# youn' men from lo%income familie (ar# )
Ahe Committee recommends that the State partyB
aD Aa%e effecti'e measures to end all forms of eploitati'e
la)our
)D Ensure that 'iolations concerning prohi)ited la)our
practices, such as forced la)our, are stringently prosecuted
0 7E!04!22!
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cD 6ro'ide, in its net periodic report, information on the steps
ta%en to address eploitati'e la)our conditions, as #ell as the impact of
such measures.
!2 @&e Commi##ee no#e %i#& concern $eri#in' racial ineDuali#ie in
acce #o em$loymen#, $ar#icularly affec#in' /frora-ilian and indi'enou
$eo$le 6ur#&ermore, #&e Commi##ee i concerned a# #&e di$ari#y in
%or5in' condi#ion baed on 'ender and race, de$i#e #&e S#a#e $ar#y;
ini#ia#ive in #&i area @&e Commi##ee alo no#e %i#& re're# #&e abence of
#a#i#ical da#a on #&e e8#en# #o %&ic& indi'enou $eo$le livin' ou#ide
e##lemen# enGoy acce #o em$loymen# (ar# 2, $ara 2K and )
Ahe Committee recommends that the State party cont