Download - From Reality 2010 to Future Vision 2020
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
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From Reality 2010 to Future Vision 2020
Ray A. Williamson, [email protected]
Secure World Foundation
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Outline
• Vision 2020—My vision for 10 years hence• Potential impediments• Positive trends• Reality 2010—the reality and promise of spaceborne
systems and other technologies• Situational awareness • The wider context• Secure World Foundation
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Questions to Answer
• Where would we like to be in 10 years? • Where could we be? • Are we making effective use of today’s resources? • Are we integrating new technologies and
methodologies into practice sufficiently quickly?• Are the supporting institutions moving with the
technologies? • What impediments do we face in reaching the vision?
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
2020 Space and Air Resources
• The use of remote sensing (space and air) is a routine and cost-effective means of support to disaster response and recovery
• RS data are routinely and quickly georeferenced and analyzed; resultant information delivered to first responders within 24 hours of collection
• Satellite telecommunications are used to deliver information to response and recovery teams throughout the recovery process.
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Vision 2020—Situational Awareness
• Response and recovery teams, in turn, use the latest in smart phones and other related devices to deliver information back to coordinating organizations. – This “closes the gap” between space and aircraft and
Earthbound response & recovery teams– Updates the situation on the ground quickly with precise
small scale geo-referenced data; results to be compared to any new RS data; provides initial ground-truth
– Assists in maintaining safety of life, both for afflicted populations and for response and recovery teams
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Vision 2020 Requirements
• Vastly improved use of current and immediate future satellite and aircraft resources
• Vastly improved geographical and temporal in-situ situational awareness
• Vastly improved international organizational and institutional structures– Standard information formats – Organizations work together smoothly and routinely within
and across national and institutional borders
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
The Opportunity Often Falls Short of Reality
• Too often the benefits of geospatial data & tools do not reach broadly enough, especially in developing countries– Failures often stem from uncoordinated government policies
at different levels of government– Restrictive data policies
• More training needed• More scientific, technical education needed• Most important, however, citizens need to become
involved in their own future by using tools developed for them and also by them
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Other Impediments to Progress
• Institutional inertia• No clear pipeline for institutionalizing new methods• National security concerns
– Some data sources off limits
• Profusion of aid groups– Standards for data/information formats, types, etc?– Standard working methodologies?
• Customs, immigration barriers
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Positive Trends
• Many more countries and groups becoming familiar with RS methods
• Google Earth and Bing have made the information potential of RS data and concepts much more accessible to the average computer user than ever before
• More countries are developing their own satellite systems
• Many more organizations are using RS methods to address disaster response and recovery issues
• Volunteer analysts willing to pitch in with analysis9
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Most RS Satellites Fly in Polar Orbit
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Polar Orbit DMC constellationCredit: SSTL
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Available Space Systems
• Many more remote sensing resources than ever before– Many operating satellite systems internationally
• Electro-optical
• Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (all weather coverage)
• Constellations
• Improved position, navigation and timing (PNT) systems– GPS– Galileo– GLONASS
• Mobile satellite communications11
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Other Important Technologies
• Airborne remote sensing– Electro-optical cameras; vertical and side view– SAR (all weather coverage)– Lidar (Detailed surface topography)
• Powerful analytic software (proprietary & open source)– Image processing– GIS– Automated change detection
• PNT capability embedded in many new mobile technologies– Phones, tablets, cameras
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Highest Resolution Satellites
• GeoEye, U.S. (commercial)– .5-m panchromatic and 1.65-meter multispectral resolution
• Digital Globe, U.S. (commercial) – .5-m panchromatic and 1.84-m multispectral resolution
• TerraSAR, Germany– Resolution: 1 m, dual-use
• Radarsat II, Canada– Resolution: 1 m/ 3 m
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Constellations
• RapidEye, Germany (private)– Five 6.5 m multispectral EO satellites in constellation– Daily imagery across the globe
• Cosmo-SkyMed, Italy – Four SAR satellites at maximum 1m resolution
• Digital Globe (quasi-constellation)– Three satellites (all different resolutions & other
characteristics)
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Situational Awareness
• Response and recovery crews need better situational awareness– Understand where is the greatest need for assistence – Have a clear idea of the dangers they might face, from
damaged structures , the environment, and from the local population
• Need to be able to communicate that information back to assisting agencies
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Community Remote Sensing Is…
• “a new field that combines remote sensing with citizen science, social networks, and crowd-sourcing to enhance the data obtained from traditional sources.
• It includes the collection, calibration, analysis, communication, or application of remotely sensed information by these community means.”– IGARSS brochure for the 2010 IGARSS conference in Hawaii
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Community Remote Sensing
• Satellite remote sensing services tend to be delivered top-down—with experts developing services to meet a perceived need:
• CRS works in the other direction—individuals contributing data and adding valuable information to satellite or aerial data
• CRS enhances the value of RS data to benefit the community
• CRS works by involving the community, whether geographical or disciplinary, in the enhancement of information to benefit the community as a whole
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
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Making CRS Work:Smart Phone Application
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4UAO_i1S7Y
Courtesy of International Space University studentsSpace Studies Session 2009
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
The Wider Context
• Disaster response and recovery fits into a much wider picture than presented here
• To achieve the vision presented here will require operational improvements in many areas of human endeavor: natural resource management and protection; pollution reduction and control, etc.
• My wider vision is a world where individuals and community groups have routine access to satellite and aerial data and use CRS methods to improve their own quality of life
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Advertisement
Imaging Notes Magazinehttp://www.imagingnotes.com
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Secure World Foundation
Secure World Foundation (SWF) is a private operating foundation dedicated to the secure and sustainable use of space for the benefit of Earth
and all its peoples.
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
What does the Foundation do?
• Engages with academics, policy makers, scientists and advocates in the space and international affairs communities to support steps that strengthen global space sustainability.
• Promotes the development of cooperative and effective uses of space for the protection of Earth’s environment and human security.
• Acts as a research body, convener and facilitator to advocate for key space security and other space related topics and to examine their influence on governance and international development.
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Key Governance Focus Areas
• Space sustainability• Protection of continued utility of space resources
• Policy development in Emerging Space States• Human & environmental security
• Development and disaster assistance• Environmental change
• Planetary threats– Mitigating the threat of collision from a Near-Earth Object
(NEO) through the establishment of effective international governance for response
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Promoting Cooperative Solutions for Space Security
Questions?
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Thanks!