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From Globes to MapsFrom Globes to Maps
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Globe is a three-dimensional scale model of Earth. Presents the most accurate depiction of geographic information.
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Map is a symbolic representation of all or part of the earth on a flat piece of paper. Maps can be useful in showing small areas in
great detail.
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From 3-D to 2D
•Cartographers use mathematical formulas to transfer information from a round globe to a flat map.
•To create maps, cartographers project the round earth onto a flat surface – making a map projection.
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Basic Categories of Map Projections
Planar – Shows the earth centered in such a way that a strait line coming from the center to any other point represents the shortest distance. It is most accurate at its center (the poles).
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Basic Categories of Map Projections
Cylindrical – is based on the projection of the globe onto a cylinder. This projection is most accurate near the equator.
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Basic Categories of Map Projections
Conic – Is created by placing a cone over part of the globe. It is best suited for showing limited east-west areas that are not too far from the equator.
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Map Map ProjectionsProjections
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Winkel Tripel ProjectionWinkel Tripel Projection
Most widely used map in the world. Provides good balance between the size and shape of land areas as they are shown on the map.
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Robinson ProjectionRobinson Projection
The continents appear much as they do on the globe however, there is minor distortion near the poles
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Goode's Interrupted Equal-Area ProjectionGoode's Interrupted Equal-Area Projection
A map that looks something like a globe that has been cut apart and laid flat. Shows the true size and shape of earth’s landmasses but the distances are somewhat distorted.
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Mercator ProjectionMercator Projection
Once the most commonly used projection, increasingly distorts size and distance as it moves away from the equator.