Download - Frankenwein - Wine In Franconia
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FrankenweinA short overview of wine in Franconia
Alexander von Halemwww.barockschloss.de
http://zeilitzheim.blogspot.com/http://vonhalem.blogspot.com/
http://twitter.com/barockschlosshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/barockschloss/
Sources: http://www.lwg.bayern.de/weinbau/weinbau_franken/
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Topics
• Geography / terroir
• A short history of wine in Franconia
• The wine industry in Franconia today
• Where the journey is going...
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Geography / terroir
• 15,000 acres of vineyards (6,000 ha.)
• almost 7,000 wine growers
• Located centrally in Germany
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GeographyClimate
• Frost-free vegetation period 160 - 190 days
• Sunshine 1,600 - 1,750 hrs p.a.
• Annual avg. temperature 8.5 - 9.0° Celsius
• Precipitation 500 - 600 mm
• Continental climate characterized by severe winter frosts, frost damage in Spring (May frost), hot dry periods in summer and early autumn frost
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GeologyFranconian Triassic
Buntsandstein
Muschelkalk
Keuper
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Character of the Wine:
Franconian soils and climate produce earthy, robust wines
with fresh acidity. Usually drier wines than in other parts of Germany.
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History
• No record of roman influence on Franconian viticulture.
• 8th century - Benedictine nuns (Kleinochsenfurt, Kitzingen)
• 770 Abbey Fulda - documentation
• 777 Charlemagne supports wine industry
• 12th-16th century - peak (40,000 ha), largest coherent wine region in Europe
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History
• 17th century - decline (Thirty Years‘ War, climate change --> beer)
• 18th century - revival (16,500 ha.)
• 19th century - second considerable decline (secularization, Napoleon, taxes, 10,500 ha.)
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History
• 1900 - third decline (peronospora, Oidium, Reblaus, WWII)
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History
• 1922 last vine cleared in Zeilitzheim...
• 1959 only 2,360 ha. wine left
• 60s, 70s - start of reconstruction (official advisory, reparcelling, support of producers‘ groups, modern means of production)
• Today: 7,000 wine-growing businesses cultivate 6,000 ha. of producing vineyards. total annual turnover of approx. 150 - 200 million Euros
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Bocksbeutel
• Bottleform protected in EU since 1989
• Sign of quality
• „Qualitätswein“ 70+ Oechsle (Kabinett)
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Frankenwein today
•Structure
•Quality
•Marketing
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Structure
• Direct Marketing („Selbstvermarkter“)
• The „Big Three“
• Cooperatives
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StructureWine growers
under 0.5 ha.
0.5 - 1 ha 1 - 5 ha. 5 - 10 ha. 10+ ha. Total
Number of wineries
4524 955 956 170 59 6664
68 %
14 %
14 %3 %1 %
under 0.5 ha. 0.5 - 1 ha 1 - 5 ha. 5 - 10 ha. 10+ ha.
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Structure„Selbstvermarkter“
„Weinerlebnisse“
Weinfeste
Essential for tourism!
Preservation of the cultural landscape
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StructureThe Big Three
• Staatlicher Hofkeller
• Bürgerspital
• Juliusspital
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StructureProducers‘ Cooperatives
• 5 main cooperatives:
• Winzergemeinschaft Franken (GWF)
• WG Nordheim
• WG Thüngersheim
• WG Randersacker
• Winzerkeller Sommerach
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StructureProducers‘ Cooperatives
• Coops were essential during the rebuilding period after WWII. Reparcelling.
• Principle of broad dispersal of property.
• Cooperatives guarantee landscape preservation. Steep inclines...
• Cooperatives ensure stable structure of wine economy.
• Problems of mass production and low quality (1980s) have been solved.
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Structure
• 50% of the wine is sold in 80 km radius, another 33% in 250 km radius
• Direct marketing is significant (approx. 1,200 estates)
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StructureGrape Varieties
white80 %
red20 % • Traditionally a white-wine
region.
• Red wine on the rise in the 1990s.
• Red grape varieties now back in gradual decline.
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StructureGrape Varieties
41 %
28 %
16 %
6 %5 %3 %
Müller Thurgau Silvaner Bacchus KernerRiesling Scheurebe
24 %
32 %
9 %
7 %
15 %
13 %
Spätburgunder Domina SchwarzrieslingPortugieser Dornfelder Regent
White Red
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• Müller Thurgau 40% but on the decline.
• Silvaner and Riesling record a considerable increase.
• Bacchus popular, especially among female wine drinkers.
• Weißer / Grauer Burgunder on the rise in premium sector.
• Domina has surpassed Blauer Spätburgunder in volume.
• Dornfelder popular due to its intense color.
• Regent growing in popularity due to resistance to diseases.
Grape Varieties
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Quality
• Reduction of output / regulation
• Qualitätsweinprüfung“
• 12 commissions, 72 testers
• 12,000 - 14,000 wines tested each year (Rejection ratio on avg. 12%)
• „Winepyramid“
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QualityCategories
Tafelwein Deutscher TafelweinDeutscher Landwein
Qualitätswein QbAQualitätswein mit Prädikat
KabinettSpätlese AusleseBeerenauslese EisweinTrockenbeerenauslese
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Quality / Marketing„Qualitätspyramide“
• Neues Franken: fresh wines without too much complexity
• Klassisches Franken: authentic, typical Franconian wines, served with dinner.
• Grosses Franken: unique, typical terroir wines, niche.
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MarketingSilvaner Year
• 350 years Silvaner in Franken
• 200 events
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MarketingWinetourism
• Gästeführer Weinerlebnis Franken
• Weindozenten
• Certified wine festivals
• Architecture
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MarketingWinetourism - architecture
• Vinotheken
• Iphofen
• Nordheim (Divino)
• Wineries
• Hirn: Hundertwasser
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Where are we going?
• Franken well established internationally, especially with dry white wines.
• Silvaner as the most characteristic grape variety.
• Wine & Tourism
• QUALITY!
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Alexander von Halemwww.barockschloss.de
http://zeilitzheim.blogspot.com/http://vonhalem.blogspot.com/
http://twitter.com/barockschlosshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/barockschloss/