Download - Flame Retardant Analyst Briefing
Advances in Flame Retardant Chemicals
Krzysztof Grzybowski, Industry Analyst
CMF – Technical Insights
August 21, 2008
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Agenda
•Types of Flame Retardants (FR)
•FR Challenges
•FR Technology Accelerators
•Phasing Out Halogenated FR
•FR R&D
•FR Technology Examples
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History of Flame Retardants
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Fire Intensity and Economic Impact
Fires
1,400,000
1,450,000
1,500,000
1,550,000
1,600,000
1,650,000
1,700,000
1,750,000
1,800,000
1,850,000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Num
ber
of Fir
es in U
S
Fire accidents aremore frequent
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Fire Intensity and Economic Impact (cont.)
Dollar loss in millions
8,525
8,629
10,024
11,207
10,583
10,337
12,307
9,794
10,672
11,307
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Dollar loss in millions
Fires have a
significant impact on economies
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• How can you assure flame retardant material without affecting functionality?
• Would clients accept products with built-in flame retardant additives?
• How can you improve non-flammability without a price increase?
• Are flame retardant regulations going to become more stringent?
Essential Flame Retardant Questions
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Types of FR
phosphorus-
based flame
retardants
nitrogen-containing
flame retardants,
which includes
melamine and its
derivatives
halogenated
flame retardants
like brominated
and chlorinated
flame retardants
metal hydroxides
such as aluminum
trihydroxide (ATH)
and magnesium
hydroxide
Inorganic flame
retardants: graphite,
montmorillonite, silica,
carbon nanotubes and
nanofibers
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Flame Retardant Challenges
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Flame Retardant: Drivers & Challenges
Drivers
Challenges
Note: Size of the sphere identifies the impact on the market
Material
engineering
developments
Awareness
of public opinion
related to the
safety
requirements
Adoption of
stricter
environmental
and safety
regulations
High cost of
new type of
flame retardant
additivesNecessary
R&D
activities
Side effects
of flame
retardants
applications
Increasing
production
capacities of
products
utilizing flame-
retardants
Legislation and
following industrial
trends related to the
health and
envrironmental
issues
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Flame RetardantTechnology Accelerators
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Key Technology Accelerators
Impact of these accelerators will result in significant changes of flame retardant technologies.
Unique features of flame retardant nanomaterials
Ban on brominated
flame retardants
Increasing concern about the public safety issues
Stringent standard regulations
Miniaturisation and performance increase of
electronic devices require more efficient flame
retardants
Homogenous
phosphorous based FR
Technologies
Flame retardant
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Phasing Out Halogenated FR
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Flame retardant efficiency—similaras that provided by BFRs
Material compatibility--the substitute is compatible with the base polymer
Augmented by the rigorous standard regulations shift
toward green materials has been nearly finished in most of the industrial areas. However, there are other
materials, which could be added to the list of banned substances.
Effect on polymer properties--does not affectthe processing or aesthetic properties of
the base polymer negatively
Economically viable
More environment-friendly profile compared to
its predecessor
Halogen freeflame retardant
application
Halogen Free Flame Retardant Key Parameters
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FR R&D
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• Frost & Sullivan has recently profiled several latest developments, which took place within Flame Retardants areas of:
Inorganic
Flame
Retardants
Nitrogen
Containing
Flame
Retardants
Phosphorus
Flame
Retardants
Halogenated
Flame
Retardants
Development Areas in the FR Technology
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Nanocomposites
Development Areas in the FR Technology (cont.)
Inherently
Flame
Retardant
Polymers
Expandable
GraphiteIn tumescent
Systems
Boron
Containing
Flame
Retardants
Alternative flame retardant solutions
In industry there are few technically diverse flame retardant solutions.
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FR Technology Examples
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Inherent Flame Retardants
Clients prefers solutions with built in flame retardancy.
Research on phosphonate flame retardants is currently leaving universities and entering the commercial pilot plants.
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Nanocomposites Filler
�Oxides : �nano silica particles �metal oxides,
�Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS),
�Carbon Based Nanoparticles:�graphite, �single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT),�multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT),�carbon nano fibers (CNF)
Nanofillers
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OPTIONS
CRITERIA
Multi-walled
Carbon nanotubes
based
Clay nanofiller
based
STRATEGIC
ATTRACTIVENESS
FINANCIAL
ATTRACTIVENESS
IMPLEMENTATION
DIFFICULTY
UNCERTAINTY
AND RISK
ACCEPTABILITY
(TO
STAKEHOLDERS)
Homogenous
FR based on
polymers
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Strategic Option Grid on Flame Retardant Composites
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Flame Retardant Nanocomposites
Flame retardant composite
Some nanoadditve applications requires technical experience.
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Drivers and Challenges Analysis of Flame Retardant Nanocomposites
Standard and law regulations
Positive effect of nanoadditive on flame retardant mechanical,
thermal and/or electrical properties
Increased durability of
nanocomposites
Potential cost saving with nanoaddtive applicaiton
Difficulties in additive dispersion Lack of
awarness of nanocomposite
benefits
Lack of understanding and
know – how of flame retardant nanocomposites fabrication
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Key Challenges of CNTs Nanocomposites Development
CNTs based FR
Technologies
Filler cost – nanocomposite performance trade off
Difficulties in CNTs homogenous dispersion
Health realted apprehension of CNTs usage
In some technical aspects lack of CNTs technology know-how
One of the currently developed and most promising FR technology utilizes Carbon Nanotubes filler.
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SWOT on CNTs Based Flame Retardant Composites
-Significant enhancement of flame retardancy of nanocomposite due to the synergistic effect.
-Increase in mechanical and physical properties of nano composite
-Prolonged lifetime of CNTs based products
-Foreseen increase of CNTs global production, and simultaneous price decrease
- High price of current flame retardants
- Continuous trend for introduction of stringent non-flammability regulations
-Global trend to avoid brominated FR.
-Early phase of research on CNTs usage as a flame retardant additive - Difficulties in dispersion of CNTs in the composite matrix
-False apprehension of potentially harmful impact of CNTs on health and environment.
-Possibility of CNTs replacement with clay nanofillers
-New inherently flame retardant materials
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Eco Lables
Customers are often guided by eco labels placed on products. Customers look for healthy and environmentally friendly solutions.
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