Download - Final gs ch 10 noise pollution
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Noise Pollution
Chapter
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What is Noise?
• Definition:– Unwanted sound– Excessive, displeasing human, animal, or
machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life
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• The unit of sound is Decibel (db)
• 85 dB is the level above which hearing protection is recommended, to avoid hearing loss from the cumulative effects of exposure to noise over time.
• The higher the noise level, the less time it takes for damage to occur.
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• How can you tell if the noise level is 85 dB?
• A quick test:– If you have to raise your voice to talk to
someone who is an arm's length away from you, you are likely in an environment with a sound level of 85 dB or more.
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Sources of Noise Pollution
• It is also a by-product of industrialization, urbanization and modern civilization
– Transportation Airplanes, Rickshaw, Train, Trucks, Cars, Motorcycles
– Industrial Buildings Factory Machines, Air Conditioning Systems
– Household Equipments Mixers, Vacuum cleaners, Intruder alarms of buildings
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– Construction Equipment Pneumatic hammers, Bulldozers, Air compressors, Dump trucks, Loaders
– Other Causes Boilers, Plumbing equipment, Air conditioners, Generators, Fans
– Public Places Open markets, Streets, Parks
– Individual Talking loudly, Listening to loud music
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Pneumatic Hammer
Bulldozer
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– Underwater Noise Pollution• Motorboats• Commercial shipping traffic, • Exploration and extraction of oil • Exploration and extraction of other minerals• Military Sonar
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Effects of Noise Pollution
• Noise pollution has adverse effects on:– Humans– Animals– Plants
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• Unwanted sound (noise) can damage physiological and psychological health
• Noise pollution can cause – hearing loss– decreased communication skills– sleep disturbances – annoyance and aggression– heart problems– high stress levels – performance reduction
Hum
ans
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• Chronic exposure to noise may cause hearing loss, which cannot be cured.
• The risk of hearing loss from noise exposure depends on two things:– how loud the noise is– how long a person is exposed to the noise
Hearing Loss
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Maximum Recommended
Noise DoseExposure
Levels
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• Prolonged noise exposure weakens our ability to communicate effectively, causing symptoms such as– difficulty in concentration– indecision– faltering speech– confusion– impatience
Decreased Communication Skills
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• High levels of noise make it difficult to get a full night’s sleep.
• Sleep disturbances often lead to – insomnia,
• which creates stress, anxiety, depression, mood swings, and lowers our immunity.
Sleep Disturbances
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– Effects the cognitive processes: Thinking and Learning
– Lead to serious health problems:• Heart disease, Heart attack, Heart failure,
Irregular heartbeat, High blood pressure, Stroke, diabetes
– Increases the chances of getting into an accident
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– Lead to forgetfulness
– Lead to weight gain• When you sleep, you lose weight. Lack of
sleep seems to be related to an increase in hunger and appetite, and possibly to obesity.
– It may increase risk of death
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• Noise pollution indirectly can contribute to cardiovascular effects in humans
• Due to insomnia, anxiety, stress, a person can end up with a – heart disease,– higher blood pressure– a host of stress-related health issues
Heart Problems
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• Noise pollution impairs our cognitive functioning
• It negatively affects our – reading comprehension, – learning and problem-solving skills,– work performance– socio-emotional development
ReducedPerformance
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• People suffer from:– Headaches– Fatigue– Sleepiness– Annoyance
• These problems decrease their efficiency levels and hamper the quality of their work.
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• Noise pollution also has an adverse effect on animals– Alters the predator or prey detection
and avoidance– Interferes with navigation– Interferes with reproduction– Contributes to permanent hearing
loss
Ani
mal
s
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• Lombard Vocal Response:– Noise makes animals communicate louder
• These unheard voices might be warnings, finding of prey, or preparations of net-bubbling.
• When one species begins speaking louder, it will mask other species' voice, causing the whole ecosystem to eventually speak louder
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• Following is a list of few animals which are effect by noise pollution:– Whales – Dolphins– Bats – Owls– Grey Tree Frogs– Beetles
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• Due to noise pollution, many birds and animals are changing their behavior in response to manmade noise– Like moving to less nosier places
• Because of this, plants are getting affected indirectly– Many animals pollinate plants or eat
or disperse their seeds, to help the trees spread and grow in other areas
Plan
ts
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