CINEMA’S BIRTHDAY In 1904 Edwear Muybrige, an Englishman, needed to settle a $25,000,00 bet.He believed that a galloping horse Had all four feet off of the ground at the same time but others said was impossible. The problem was That galloping hooves move too fast for the eye to see.

Many inventors, scientists, manufacturers and scientists have observed the visual phenomenon that a series of individual still pictures set into motion created the illusion of movement - a concept termed persistence of vision. This illusion of motion was first described by British physician Peter Mark Roget in 1824, and was a first step in the development of the cinema.

In an effort to settle the issueonce And for all an experimentwas set up In which a rapid sequence of photos Was takenof a running horse. When the pictures were developed it Was found that the horse didindeed have all four feet off theground for split-second.

The birth of USA cinema:In the late 1880s, famed American inventor Alva Edison and his young British assistant William Kennedy Laurie Dickson in his Laboratories in west orange, New jersey, Borrowed from the earlier work of Muybridge Their goal was to construct a device for recording movementOn film, and another device for viewing film.

EDISON WILLIAM

The motor-driven camera was designed to capture movement with a synchronized shutterAnd sprocket system that could move The film through the camera by an electric motor.

KINETOSCOPE

THE WORLD FIRST FILM PRODUCTION STUDIO

BLACK MARIA or the kinetographic Theatre was built on the ground of Edison’s laboratories at west orange New jersey. Construction began in December 1892, and it was completed by February 1, 1893 at a cost $637,67. it was constructed for purpose of making film strip for the kinetoscope.

It was a black, tar-paper covered building/studioAnd build with a timetable to orient itself throughout the day to Follow the natural sunlight.

BLACK MARIA

On April 14, 1894, the Holland Brothers opened the first Kinetoscope Parlor at 1155 Broadway In New York city and for the first time, they commercially exhibited movies, as we know them today, in their amusement arcade. Each film cost 5 cent to view. Patrones paid 25 cents as the admission charge to view films in five kindetoscope machines placed in two rows.

The Lumière brothers:Auguste and Louis, were sons of well known Lyons based portrait painter Antoine Lumière. they were both technically minded and excelled in science subjects and were sent to Technical School.

By early 1895, the brothers had invented their own device combining camera with printer and projector and called it the Cinématographe. Patenting it on February 13th 1895,the Cinématographe was much smaller than Edison’s Kinetograph, was lightweight, and was hand cranked. The Lumières used a film speed of 16 frames per second, much slower compared with Edison’s 48 fps - this meant that less film was used and also the clatter and grinding associated with Edison’s device was reduced.

ANDREW GEORGE