FILM ARTIFACTS FILM ARTIFACTS
ARTIFACTS:ARTIFACTS:AN UNWANTED DENSITYAN UNWANTED DENSITYON THE FILMON THE FILM
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Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts
MotionMotion Improper patient positionImproper patient position Wrong screen-film matchWrong screen-film match Poor film/screen contactPoor film/screen contact Double exposureDouble exposure Warped cassetteWarped cassette Improper grid positionImproper grid position
PATHOLOGY
?
pneumoniapneumonia
GRIDS GRIDS CAN CAN
LEAVE LEAVE LINESLINES
ON THE ON THE IMAGE IMAGE
POOR POOR
DETAILDETAIL
GOOD GOOD DETAILDETAIL
Blurring of image due to patient movement during exposure.
When there is a space between the contact When there is a space between the contact of the film to the intensifying screens, a of the film to the intensifying screens, a larger amount of light is allowed to reach larger amount of light is allowed to reach the film – causing “more density” on fimthe film – causing “more density” on fim
Lack of contact between film and cassette can cause “blurring” of the image
Artifacts - TypesArtifacts - Types
Processing ArtifactsProcessing ArtifactsExposure ArtifactsExposure ArtifactsHandling & Storage Handling & Storage
ArtifactsArtifacts
Processing ArtifactsProcessing Artifacts
Emulsion pickoffEmulsion pickoff Chemical fogChemical fog Guide-shoe marksGuide-shoe marks Water marksWater marks Chemical spotsChemical spots Guide-shoe & roller scratchesGuide-shoe & roller scratches
Developer Spots
Water spot
Discolored film due to hypo (fixer) retention.
Chemicals not washed off – over time will turn
film brown
Scratch marks from rollers in automatic processor.
ArtifactArtifact
Blurred image due to patient motion
PATIENT ARTIFACT - PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLYJEWERLY
Handling & Storage Handling & Storage ArtifactsArtifacts Light fogLight fog Radiation fogRadiation fog StaticStatic Kink marksKink marks ScratchesScratches Dirty cassettesDirty cassettes
Crimping /cresent Crimping /cresent markmark
Double Exposure
2 exposures made on top of each other –
from poor handling of cassettes
Static electricity
Dirt on screen mimicking a foreign object.
Scratch marks from improper handling.
Light fog
Kink mark or nail pressure mark
castcast
POOR SCREEN POOR SCREEN CONTACTCONTACT
Patient motionPatient motion
motionmotion
Double Double exposureexposure
ChildChild
PoorPoorscreen screen contactcontact
Double exposureDouble exposure
Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts
Could be corrected before Could be corrected before exposure =exposure =
JewelryJewelry Hands in the anatomyHands in the anatomy Something on the patientSomething on the patient
??
Hands over upper abdomen
Is itIs itmotion or motion or double double exposure?exposure?
Pt clothing
Hip replacement
2 chest tubes in the patient
Patient swallowed batteriesWhat size are they?
PATHOLOGY NOT PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACTARTIFACT
Name &Name & cause causeof this?of this?
scratches
Pacemaker
Digital image
Mis-
Registrationi
error
Roller marks from film stuck –
then pulled from processor
Hardware
In cervical
spine
Dust in imaging plate can Dust in imaging plate can cause white marks on cause white marks on image –image –
Both in film/screen and Both in film/screen and computed radiographycomputed radiography
E E G MONITOR
What do you
See?
2 exposures
Does this show good detail?Does this show good detail? Is all of the anatomy present?Is all of the anatomy present? How is the density / contrast?How is the density / contrast?
Does this show good detail? Does this show good detail? – YESYES
Is all of the anatomy present? Is all of the anatomy present? – No (part of the little finger is not seen)No (part of the little finger is not seen)
How is the density / contrast?How is the density / contrast? Density – a little “light” underexposedDensity – a little “light” underexposed Contrast is goodContrast is good
Which image showsWhich image shows“better” detail“better” detail
Faster speed Slower speed
CR - ? Which shows CR - ? Which shows “better detail”“better detail”
8 x 10 cassette 14 x 17 cassette
See anythingSee anythingwrong wrong
with with this this
image?image?
Contrast? What influences this? (kVp in Contrast? What influences this? (kVp in f/s)f/s)
Discarded x-ray film Discarded x-ray film used to make ♫ records used to make ♫ records ♫♫
Collimation – reducing the size of beamCollimation – reducing the size of beamhelps to improve the image, and reduce the helps to improve the image, and reduce the dose to the patientdose to the patient
?
POOR POOR
DETAILDETAIL
GOOD GOOD DETAILDETAIL
Processing ArtifactsProcessing Artifacts
Emulsion pickoffEmulsion pickoff Chemical fogChemical fog Guide-shoe marksGuide-shoe marks Water marksWater marks Chemical spotsChemical spots Guide-shoe & roller scratchesGuide-shoe & roller scratches
NEW IMAGENEW IMAGE
Double Double expousureexpousure
Femur & chestFemur & chest
NEW IMAGENEW IMAGE towel that was towel that was used to help in used to help in positioning a positioning a childchild
CR is MORE CR is MORE sensitive to sensitive to
ARTIFACTSARTIFACTS
CR image – CR image – NEW IMAGENEW IMAGE
Line caused Line caused from dirt from dirt collected in collected in a CR a CR ReaderReader
Blurring of image due to patient movement during exposure.
Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts
MotionMotion Improper patient positionImproper patient position Wrong screen-film matchWrong screen-film match Poor film/screen contactPoor film/screen contact Double exposureDouble exposure Warped cassetteWarped cassette Improper grid positionImproper grid position
ArtifactArtifact
Blurred image due to patient motion
GRIDS GRIDS CAN CAN
LEAVE LEAVE LINESLINES
ON THE ON THE IMAGE IMAGE
grid cut-offgrid cut-off
Grid linesGrid lines
grids are grids are not necessary not necessary for a 3 year oldfor a 3 year old
PATIENT ARTIFACT - PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLYJEWERLY
Handling & Storage Handling & Storage ArtifactsArtifacts Light fogLight fog Radiation fogRadiation fog StaticStatic Kink marksKink marks ScratchesScratches Dirty cassettesDirty cassettes
Crimping /cresent Crimping /cresent markmark
Double Exposure
2 exposures made on top of each other –
from poor handling of cassettes
Static electricity
Dirt on screen mimicking a foreign object.
Scratch marks from improper handling.
Light fog
Kink mark or nail pressure mark
castcast
POOR SCREEN POOR SCREEN CONTACTCONTACT
Patient motionPatient motion
motionmotion
Double Double exposureexposure
ChildChild
PoorPoorscreen screen contactcontact
Double exposureDouble exposure
Exposure ArtifactsExposure Artifacts
Could be corrected before Could be corrected before exposure =exposure =
JewelryJewelry Hands in the anatomyHands in the anatomy Something on the patientSomething on the patient
??
Hands over upper abdomen
Is itIs itmotion or motion or double double exposure?exposure?
Pt clothing
Hip replacement
2 chest tubes in the patient
Patient swallowed batteriesWhat size are they?
PATHOLOGY NOT PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACTARTIFACT
Name &Name & cause causeof this?of this?
scratches
Pacemaker
Digital image
Mis-
Registrationi
error
Roller marks from film stuck –
then pulled from processor
Hardware
In cervical
spine
Dust in imaging plate can Dust in imaging plate can cause white marks on cause white marks on image –image –
Both in film/screen and Both in film/screen and computed radiographycomputed radiography
E E G MONITOR
TotalTotalbody body scan scan
for for traumatrauma
Discarded x-ray film Discarded x-ray film used to make ♫ records used to make ♫ records ♫♫