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Export and Domestic Scaling in New Zealand
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SOME NZ FORESTRY FACTS
• 19.8 million m3 cut in 06/07• 6.3 million m3 logs exported• 1.87 million ha radiata pine• 2.1 million ha plantation
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EXPORT SECTOR ERODED BY:
• High dollar (NZ$0.76 USD)• Freight rates (>$70/tonne)• Availability of shipping
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Scaling methods in NZ
• Export logs scaled in JAS• Domestic logs weigh-scaled or sold in
tonnes• Voluntary standard
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Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS)
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JASvolume
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JASMeasurements
• Shortest small-end diameter through centre of sawn end
• Second diameter at right angles to first• Round down to even centimetre• < 14 each centimetre rounded down • Allow for end conditions
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Fig. 7: Trumpet. Small-end diameter is reduced toexclude swelling.
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Fig. 11: Small-end swelling with bark-encased knot. Thisdoes not affect measurement, but swelling and fluting
do.
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Fig. 13: Small-end swelling with intergrown knot.Swellings are excluded from measurements.
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Fig. 27: Broken end. Exclude broken piece because itextends more than 10 cm into the log.
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Toll Owens volume variation on time
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Jun-
05
Jul-0
5
Aug
-05
Sep
-05
Oct
-05
Nov
-05
Dec
-05
Jan-
06
Feb-
06
Mar
-06
Apr-
06
May
-06
Jun-
06
Jul-0
6
Aug
-06
Sep
-06
Oct
-06
Nov
-06
Dec
-06
Jan-
07
Feb-
07
Mar
-07
Apr-
07
May
-07
Jun-
07
Jul-0
7
Date of checkscale
% d
iffer
ence
bet
wee
n ch
ksca
le a
nd o
rigin
al
required upperrequired lower Actual bias
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Toll Owens
• 5.1 million m3 export logs• 13 sites• 95 scalers• 49 scaler/operators
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Statistical QC System
• Check scalers at each location• Monthly random samples• Feedback to scalers• Each scaler monitored• 3 month calibration check
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Accuracy criteria
• Volume bias within 3%• Scalers should agree on diameters of 62.5%
of small-ends• 95% of logs should be scaled within 2 cm
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Volume variation Mount Maunganui
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
Dec
-04
Jan-
05
Feb-
05
Mar
-05
Apr
-05
May
-05
Jun-
05
Jul-0
5
Aug
-05
Sep
-05
Oct
-05
Nov
-05
Dec
-05
Jan-
06
Feb-
06
Mar
-06
Apr
-06
May
-06
Jun-
06
Jul-0
6
Aug
-06
Sep
-06
Oct
-06
Nov
-06
Dec
-06
Jan-
07
Feb-
07
Mar
-07
Apr
-07
May
-07
Jun-
07
Jul-0
7
Aug
-07
Sep
-07
Date of checkscale
% d
iffer
ence
from
orig
inal
MountLower limitUpper limit
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Scaling precision Mount Maunganui
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Dec
-04
Jan-
05
Feb-
05
Mar
-05
Apr
-05
May
-05
Jun-
05
Jul-0
5
Aug
-05
Sep
-05
Oct
-05
Nov
-05
Dec
-05
Jan-
06
Feb-
06
Mar
-06
Apr
-06
May
-06
Jun-
06
Jul-0
6
Aug
-06
Sep
-06
Oct
-06
Nov
-06
Dec
-06
Jan-
07
Feb-
07
Mar
-07
Apr
-07
May
-07
Jun-
07
Jul-0
7
Aug
-07
Sep
-07
Date of checkscale
% lo
gs s
cale
d th
e sa
me
by c
heck
and
orig
inal
Mt Maung
Requiredprecision
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3D Scaling
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3 D Scaling
• Weigh scale samples• Valuable logs• Both end diameters and length
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3D formulaVolume components of log
Domestic scaling
S.E.D.
Cylindrical volume
Peripheral (or taper)volume
Leng
th
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3DMeasurements
• Shortest diameter through centre of both sawn ends
• Second diameter at right angles to first• Round to nearest centimetre• No reduction for butt flare• “Shortest” length to nearest centimetre
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Domestic scaling requirements
• Done by a variety of contractors• Each scaler to sit “domestic “ scaling
module• Must scale 50 logs by the 3D scaling
method and be within 1% of assessors volume
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