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Ethnobotanical Methods
Researchers and Informants in Bolivia
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Study of the on-going process of domestication
1. Informant interviews – especially about desired traits, planting methods, methods of selection for breeding or seed stock.
2. Participation observation3. Collection of native texts4. Field observations – grain, fruit, or vegetable
measurements; altitude, temperature, varietal flowering and maturation rates; mapping locations and distances to fields from farm or village; soil and vegetative analysis of sample fields at various stages of crop-fallow cycle.
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Phytoanthropology
Phytoanthropology examines the extent of similarities and differences in the responses of various human communities to their plant neighbors, and the reasons for these human responses.
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Bo Tree – Ficus religiosa
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Silk Cotton Tree – Bombax ceiba
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Arrowhead –Sagittaria sagittifolia
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Historical Ethnobotany
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Hildegard of Bingen1098 - 1179
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Joseph Smith1805 - 1844
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Fertile Crescent
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King Assurbanipal – 668-626 BCE
In his garden with Queen and Servants
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Babylonian Medicine
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Datura stramonium
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Cannabis sativa
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Mandrake – Atropa mandragora
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Mandrake – Atropa mandragora
ca. 1474
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Water lily – Nymphaea alba
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Vitis vinifera var. Pinot Noir
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Opium poppy – Papaver somniferum
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Ergot – Claviceps purpurea
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Fly agaric – Amanita muscaria
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Amanita muscaria ornaments?
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SumerianHeaddress
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Sun god Horus and Tuth-Shena