Essential QuestionEssential Question
How did America How did America expand its influence expand its influence
around the world in the around the world in the late 1800s?late 1800s?
US US ExpansionisExpansionis
mm
Reasons for ExpansionismReasons for Expansionism
Need to be Need to be involved in world involved in world affairsaffairs
Need for places to Need for places to investinvest
Need for raw Need for raw materials (oil, materials (oil, rubber, tin, etc.)rubber, tin, etc.)
Expansion in the Expansion in the PacificPacific
U.S. looked U.S. looked toward Asiatoward Asia
Expanding Expanding business business marketsmarkets
AlaskaAlaska
18671867
Purchased Purchased from Russiafrom Russia
HawaiiHawaii
Sugar plantationsSugar plantations
1898 – U.S. 1898 – U.S. annexed Hawaiiannexed Hawaii
Pearl Harbor, HawaiiPearl Harbor, Hawaii
The Spanish-American WarThe Spanish-American War
Latin AmericaLatin America
Important Important source of trade source of trade
U.S. concerned U.S. concerned with European with European influence in the influence in the regionregion
Yellow Yellow JournalismJournalism
Sensationalist Sensationalist reportingreporting
Writers Writers exaggerate or exaggerate or make up stories make up stories to attract readersto attract readers
New York New York JournalJournal
Owned by Owned by William William Randolph Randolph HearstHearst
New York WorldNew York World
Owned by Owned by Joseph Joseph PulitzerPulitzer
Reporting the War in CubaReporting the War in Cuba
Stories of Spanish Stories of Spanish atrocities found in atrocities found in both newspapersboth newspapers
Goal = sell more Goal = sell more paperspapers
Enraged Enraged Americans against Americans against the Spanishthe Spanish
The MaineThe Maine
Feb. 15, 1898Feb. 15, 1898
The ship exploded The ship exploded in the harbor, in the harbor, killing 266 sailorskilling 266 sailors
No one knew the No one knew the source of the source of the explosionexplosion
Results of the ExplosionResults of the Explosion
The press The press blamed Spainblamed Spain
““Remember Remember the Maine”the Maine”
Congress Congress approved war approved war preparationspreparations
Declaration of WarDeclaration of War April 11, 1898 – April 11, 1898 –
McKinley declared McKinley declared warwar
Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt – assistant secretary – assistant secretary of the Navyof the Navy
April 24 – Spain April 24 – Spain declared war on the declared war on the U.S. U.S.
War on Two War on Two FrontsFronts
In the Pacific In the Pacific (Philippines)(Philippines)
In the In the Caribbean Caribbean (Cuba)(Cuba)
PhilippinesPhilippines
Spanish colonySpanish colony
U.S. Navy U.S. Navy Commodore Commodore George Dewey – George Dewey – destroyed destroyed Spanish warships Spanish warships therethere
Rough RidersRough Riders
Volunteer Volunteer cavalry unitcavalry unit
Included Included Theodore Theodore RooseveltRoosevelt
Assisted in Assisted in capturing San capturing San Juan HillJuan Hill
Spanish SurrenderSpanish Surrender
Spain Spain surrendered two surrendered two weeks laterweeks later
Americans also Americans also occupied the occupied the Spanish colony of Spanish colony of Puerto RicoPuerto Rico
Puerto Rico and GuamPuerto Rico and Guam
Annexed into the Annexed into the United StatesUnited States
1917 – became U.S. 1917 – became U.S. citizens with full citizens with full rightsrights
CubaCuba
Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment
Made Cuba a U.S. Made Cuba a U.S. protectorateprotectorate
Gave U.S. the right Gave U.S. the right to build a naval to build a naval station and to station and to intervene to protect intervene to protect Cuba’s Cuba’s independenceindependence
Guantanamo BayGuantanamo Bay
U.S. ControlU.S. Control