Download - Environment Management Systems EMS
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MBA-PM (IV Sem)
25thFebruary 2011
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EMS Management of an organization's environmental programs
in a comprehensive, systematic, planned and documentedmanner.
Includes the organizational structure, planning and
resources for developing, implementing and maintainingpolicy for environmental protection.
Serves as a tool to improve environmental performance.
Provides a systematic way of managing an organizations
environmental affairs. Gives order and consistency for organizations to address
environmental concerns through the allocation ofresources, assignment of responsibility and ongoing
evaluation of practices, procedures and processes
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C
ompliance
Pollution
Prevention
C
ontinual
Improvement
Three Pillars of EMS
EMS Commitments
Remove one pillar
and EMS
becomes unstable
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ISO 14000 standards on EMS Charted in 1946
Group of international standards covering environmental
management intended to provide organizations with the
elements of an effective environmental management system .
Not intended to be used to create non-tariff trade barriers or to
increase or change an organization's legal obligations.
First developed ISO 9000Quality
In 1993EMS started
1996 - Published as final
Voluntary
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ISO 14000 series Included in the family are standards for Environmental
Management Systems, environmental and EMS auditing,environmental labeling, performance evaluation and life-
cycle assessment. 14001EMS
14004EMS Guidance
14010Principles of Auditing
14011Procedures for auditing
14012Auditor qualifications
14031Environmental Performance Evaluation Systems
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Life Cycle Assessment:
14041Guiding principles of LCA
14042Inventory analysis
14043Impact Analysis
14044Improvement Assessment
Environmental Labelling:
14021Principles of all claims
14024Eco-label seal of approval programs
14025Manufacturer self -declaration claims
14060Environmental aspects in product standards
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Developing an EMS Long term objectives required
6-24 months to develop
Consider other systems developed to reduce costs
Integrate with other systems
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Stages of EMS
Unprepared (Non-compliance)
Aware/Reactive (In compliance)
Proactive/participatory (Pollutionprevention)
Mainstreaming (ManagementSystem)
Mature & Highly integrative(Sustainable development)
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Plan
Do/Implement
Act/Review
Check
Policy
EMS Model
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Elements
Environmental Policy
Planning
Implementation
Checking
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Environment Policy Statement by the organisation of its intentions and principles in
relation to its overall environmental performance which
provides a framework for action and for the setting of its
environmental objectives and targets. Should cover the following
Pollution prevention
Compliance with legal and other requirements
Continuous improvement
Broad and limited to 1 page
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Consider organizations environmental mission, vision and core
values
Framework for setting objectives and targets
Communicated both internally and externally
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Planning
Organization shall establish and maintain procedure(s) to
identify the environmental aspects of its activities, products and
services that it can control and over which it can be expected to
have an influence.
Shall ensure that the aspects related to these significant impacts
are considered in setting its environmental objectives.
Organization shall keep the information up-to-date, detailing
legal requirements, objectives, targets, EMPs etc.
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NOTE - A significant environmental aspect is an environmentalaspect which has or can have a significant environmental impact
ConceptsEnvironmental Aspect
Element of an
organisations activities,
products or serviceswhich can interact with
the environment.
Environmental Impact
Any change to the
environment, whether
adverse or beneficial,wholly or partially
resulting from an
organisations activities,
products or services.
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Aspects and ImpactsAspect
Point source emissions
Fugitive emissions
By-products and wastes Raw Material
consumption
the interaction
e.g. Emission of oxides of
nitrogen from vehicleexhausts
Impact
Knock-on impacts
Immediate or delayed Temporary or persistent
Local or Global
the change
e.g.
Reduction in local air
quality, human health
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Environmental Aspects
Six Broad Groupings:
Emissions to Air
Releases to Water
Waste Management
Contamination of Land
Use of Raw Materials and Natural Resources
Other Local Issues
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Transport
Raw MaterialInputs
WasteGaseousEmissions
Packaging
Noise &Vibration
Liquid effluent Spillage
Products
or ServicesActivities
Use and
disposal
by the
customerEnergy inputs
Aspects and Process Flow
Approach
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Transport
Raw MaterialInputs
WasteGaseousEmissions
Packaging
Noise &Vibration
Liquid effluent Spillage
Products
or ServicesActivities
Use and
disposal
by the
customerEnergy inputs
Control and InfluenceBoundary of control
Boundary of influence
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Legal requirement Legal and Other requirements include:
Laws and regulations
Permits
Enforcement actions
Standards and codes
Establish a master list of these and maintain it frequently
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Environmental Objectives and Targets
EnvironmentalObjective
Overall environmentalgoal, arising from theenvironmental policy, thatan organisation sets itselfto achieve, and which isquantified where
practicable.
(ISO 14001 - 3.7)
EnvironmentalTarget
Detailed performancerequirement, quantified
where practicable, applicableto the organisation or partsthereof, that arises from theenvironmental objectives andthat needs to be set and metin order to achieve thoseobjectives.
(ISO 14001 - 3.10)
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The organization shall establish and maintain documentedenvironmental objectives and targets, at each relevant functionand level within the organisation.
When establishing and reviewing its objectives, an organisationshall consider the legal and other requirements, its significantenvironmental aspects, its technological options and itsfinancial, operational and business requirements, and the viewsof interested parties.
The objectives and targets shall be consistent with theenvironmental policy, including the commitment to prevention ofpollution.
(ISO 14001 - 4.3.3)
Objectives and Targets Requirement
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Setting Objectives and Targets Organisation sets its own objectives and targets
Environmental objectives are typically set..
in areas identified as having potentially significant impact
on the environment. initially for the areas presenting the greatest risk and
liability to the environment and the organisation.
in activities which provide a financial benefit to the
organisation including direct/indirect aspects, abnormal/normal operation
etc.
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S Specific to activity, aspect or impact
M Measurable outcomes
A Achievable with todays technology
R Realistic for this relevant activity or functional
areaT Time-bound - on-going is not acceptable
Examples of Acceptable Objectives
& Targets
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Objectives & Targets Time-frame
Organisation sets its own time-frame when no legal or
other requirements exist
Time-frame obligated by Environmental Management
Programme requirement (4.3.4)
May use a stepped approach by identifying short and long
term objectives and targets
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Environmental Management
Programmes The organization shall establish and maintain (a)
programme(s) for achieving its objectives and targets. It shallinclude:
a) designation of responsibility for achieving objectives andtargets at each relevant function and level of the organization;
b) the means and time-frame by which they are to be achieved.
If a project relates to new developments and new or modifiedactivities, products or services, programme(s) shall be amendedwhere relevant to ensure that environmental managementapplies to such projects.
(ISO 14001 4.3.4)
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Environmental Performance
Evaluation Environmental management indicators
describe the actions taken in the management processes toachieve an objective
Environmental performance indicators measures for environmental impacts or aspects created by
the organisations activities, products or services.
Environmental condition indicators
relate to the state of the environment in a local or globalcontext. Such indicators might also be called sustainabilityindicators.
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ImplementationRoles and responsibilities
Resources
Designate names or positions
Training, awareness and competence
Importance of conformance with practices and procedures of
EMS
Environmental impacts of their jobs dutiesRoles and responsibilities for achieving EMS conformance
Consequences of deviating from EM
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Communication
EMS and environmental aspects
Internal
External
Documentation
Paper or electronic
Updating/Revisions
Operational controls
Identified with environmental aspects
Maintenance
Emergency preparedness/response
Accidents
Mitigate environmental impacts
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Checking
Monitoring and measuring
Documented procedures
Calibration
Records
Non-conformances/Corrective Actions
Procedures to handle and investigate non-conformances
Procedures to correct
Implement and record changes to procedures
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Records
Procedures to identify, maintain records
Legible, identifiable, traceable
Training, audits
Stored and maintained to be retrievable
Retention time established
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Management Review - Typical
Outline Previous management review actions and results
Performance versus objectives and targets
Adequacy of current environmental policy
Adequacy of structure, resources, communications and training
Adequacy of objectives and targets, programmes and othermanagement systems
Short, medium and long-term direction, commitment, resources
and programmes in light of the above
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EMS Control Elements
Operational Control /
Objectives (with performance
criteria)
Monitoring &
Measurement
Non-
conformance &
corrective action
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EMS Benefits Ensure environmental/regulatory and legal compliance
Achieve trade group recognition
Save money and other resources
Improve operating efficiency Address potential privatization
Provide examples of leadership
Improve public image Improve environmental performance
Reduce environmental risks
Get a better bond rating
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EMS Audits To ensure the organization is continually improving its EMS
and environmental performance.
Audit criteria is to assess an EMS against ISO 14001
specifications.
Established itself as a valuable instrument to verify and help
improve environmental performance.
The international standard ISO-14010: 1996 is intended to
guide organizations, auditors and their clients on general
principles common to the conduct of environmental audits.
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Who is involved Client: the sponsor, who requests and usually pays for the
audit
Auditee: the organization or facility being audited (often also
the client)Audit team: qualified individuals, directed by a lead auditor,
who conduct the audit
Facility management: responsible for receiving and
initiating action on audit results
Facility supervisors and employees: responsible for co-operating in the audit and providing information requested byauditors
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Planning of an EMS Audit Selection of an audit team
Determination of audit objectives and scope
Identification of the audit criteria
Planning of the audit program
Confirmation of the audit with the client
Developing checklists and working documents
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Requirements of an EMS AuditSufficient information
about the subject matter
Adequate resources
Adequate co-operationfrom auditee
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Objectivity, Independence,
Competence
Due Professional Care
Systematic Procedures
Qualification Criteria
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Objectives of an EMS Audit
Reasons for conducting the audit
Determine if EMS conforms with the EMS criteria
Determine of the EMS has been properly implemented and
maintained
Identify areas where improvements can be made to the EMS
Ensure suitability and effectiveness of EMS
Meet the requirements of a customer or facility
Prepare for an ISO registration
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Audit Report Summary of audit findings
Evaluate the adequacy of the EMS
Identify areas in need of improvement Report should include:
List those who participated in audit
Restate scope and objectives, etc.
Identify departments, areas audited
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Identify documents, EMS manual against which was conducted
Provide a short summary of each nonconformance
General summary of the audit and the extent of conformance
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Follow-up Required to ensure preventive and corrective actions have
occurred
May take the form of an audit