![Page 1: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Elisa Livengood
![Page 2: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Map of Domestication
![Page 3: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
DefinitionDomestication: To train or adapt a plant or
animal to live in a human environment making it fit for cultivation. This can be done by having humans intervene in the breeding of plants or animals and selecting traits that are of use to the human.
![Page 4: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
History of DomesticationDevelopments accelerated during the
Neolithic period (8,000-3,00 B.C.) as environmental conditions become more favorable.
Animal husbandry evolved from herding and penning wild animals.
Required keeping animals for many generations until significant changes were made to behavioral, physical, and genetic attributes as selected for by humans.
![Page 5: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
History of DomesticationDog -10,000-8,000 B.C. Goat -8,000-7,000Sheep- 8,000-7,000Pig- 7,000Cattle -6,400Horse- 4,000Camel- 2,600Cat 1600-500Fish- Many species still not considered fully domesticated
© Elisa Livengood
© Elisa Livengood
![Page 6: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Dog Breeds
![Page 7: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Fish can also be domesticated. One of the oldest know domesticated species is Koi or Cyprinus carpio (pictured top right).
Like the dog they can have many varieties; it depends on what traits were selected.
Another species with great variation and mutation in their varieties or strains include the Discus fish (Symphysodon sp.)
© Calypso Acuario
![Page 8: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AquacultureWhat is aquaculture?
-Aquaculture is agriculture. Farming in water.- Requires domestication of a plant or animal for production.
![Page 9: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Aquaculture/AgricultureDomestication: where breeding is controlled
and animals are selected for particular qualities.
Aquaculture production is achieved by human intervention involving physical control of the organism at some point in its life cycle other than harvest.
![Page 10: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
History of AquacultureEvidence of Egyptians doing
pond culture (2052-1786 B.C.)Romans kept eel and
cultivated in ponds or cisterns connected to their homes.
The Hawaiian people practiced aquaculture by constructing fish ponds, an example from ancient Hawaii is a pond at Alekoko dating back at least 1000 years.
Japanese began farming oysters about 3,000 years ago.
A picture of modern extensive aquaculture. © Elisa Livengood
![Page 11: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
History of AquacultureGive a man a fish and he will have food for a day. Teach a man to fish and he will have food for a
lifetime. ~ Chinese proverb.NOW we should addTeach a man how to grow fish and he can feed the
world. Also biblical reference to pondsAnd they shall be broken in the purposes thereof,
all that make sluices and ponds for fish (Isaiah, Ch. 19 vs. 10).
![Page 12: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Why do fish represent a great species for agriculture?
Animal Protein % in Feed Weight gain per g of food consumed
Protein gain per g of protein consumed
Channel Catfish 32 0.84 0.36 Broiler Chicken 18 0.48 0.33 Beef Cattle 11 0.13 0.15
•Fish have a higher FCR than other animals•Fish culture can utilize resources unsuitable for other forms of agriculture (i.e. salinized farmlands).•Fish production systems use less water than pigs, grain fed cattle, beef cattle and broiler chickens.
-Recirculating system 1,419 L/kg-Catfish pond systems 6,737 L/kg-Striped bass flow thru system 131,538 L/kg
•Cost of production becoming more profitable than wild caught•Public acceptability for the product.
![Page 13: Elisa Livengood. Map of Domestication Definition Domestication: To train or adapt a plant or animal to live in a human environment making it fit for](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022110205/56649c875503460f9493e7b7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Criteria for Selecting a SpeciesHardinessFecundity (high reproductive success)Early Sexual MaturityHigh Meat/Protein ContentMarket ValueEase for culture (e.g., life cycle established,
larval feeds available, domesticity)