Effect Assessment of Air Quality Ensuring Measures during Beijing
Olympic Games from Satellite Observation
Pucai Wang, Huan Yu, Zhaonan Cai, Xuemei Zong, Xiang’ao Xia, Yi Liu[1]Michel Roozendael[2]
1,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences2,Belgium Institute of Spatial Aeronomy
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Contents
2.1 Satellite monitoring and emission
reduction effect of NO2
2.2 Satellite monitoring and emission
reduction effect of SO2
2.3 Satellite monitoring and emission
reduction effect of AOD
2.7 CO change in Beijing
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Outline of the Project led by Beijing EPB
Monitoring, Forecast, and Assessment of AQ
Ground-based Network Measurements
Satellite Monitoring ( NO2 , SO2 , AOD ) and Effect Assessment
Numerical Simulation
Emission Inventories
……
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
1 Goals of our Sub-project
During the extended period of Beijing Olympic
Games and Paralymic Games
to provide the spatial distribution of NO2, S
O2, and AOD;
to support the forecast of Air Quality, and
to assess the effect of the air quality ensurin
g measures.
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Our main concerns were to provide the image
of the tropospheric NO2 column density, and
obtained the results of the emission reduction
assessment 。
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
( 2.1 ) Satellite Monitoring of NO2 and Emission Reduction Assessment in Beijing
Phases of the Air Quality Ensuring Measures for the Olympic Games
07-01 08-01 09-01 09-2009-0608-0807-20 09-1708-24
End
50% vehicles restricted
High emission vehicles and heavy trucks restricted
company cars restricted by 50% , increasing to 70% on July 1st
06-23
Shutdown or limited Production for many enterprises, prohibit biomass burning, etc.
Olympic Games Paralymic Games
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
According to the phases of the AQ ensuring measures, the reduction of NO2 are :in Phase of high emission vehicles starting restriction( 37.9% ),in Phase of Even/Odd restriction ( 46.2% ), of Olympic Games ( 49.4% ), Period of Paralymic Game ( 38% )。
The mean value of 2005 ~ 2007 for the same periodMean Values of NO2 VCD during Beijing Olympic Games
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Daily variation during the period of June to September of 2008. ( P1 ~ P4 denotes 4 phases , P1 ,P2 are phases of vehicles restriction , P3 , P4 represent Olympic Games and Parametric Games )
06-01 06-16 07-01 07-16 08-01 08-16 09-01 09-16 10-010
10
20
30
40
50
60T
rop
osp
her
ic N
O2 V
CD
(1015
mo
l/cm
2 )P1 P2 P3 P4
Beijing
Tianjin
Tangshan
data
OMI data
MaxDOAS measurements on the roof of IAP bu
ilding, 1km to the national stadium
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
In order to assess the effect of the AQ ensuring measures, NO2 during the t
he extended period of the Beijing Olympic Games and of the 20005-2007 w
ere analyzed.
Three methods were used for the effect assessment :( 1 ) Compared with 2005-2007 , find the change in 2008 ;( 2 ) Compared with neighbor metroplitan Tianjin and Tangshan,
find the difference ;( 3 ) Compared with the ground-based MaxDOAS measuremen
t, find the change between the prior period and inside period of
the AQ ensuring measures.
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Fig 14 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD of 20
08 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tanshan
Fig 15 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD from
2005 to 2007 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 125
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
month
Trop
osph
eric
NO
2 V
CD
(10
15m
ol/c
m2) 2008
Beijing
Tianjin
Tangshan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1210
15
20
25
30
35
40
month
Tro
posp
heric
NO
2 V
CD
(10
15m
ol/c
m2) 2005-2007
Beijing
Tianjin
Tangshan
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
with the phases of the measures, the assessment results are
Phase of starting the restriction of high emission vehicles ( 7.
1 — 7.19 ), Trop NO2 VCD down 37.9% ; Phase of Even/Odd numbers ( 7.20 — 8.24 ), down 46.2
% ; Olympic Games ( 8.8 — 8.24 ), down 49.4% ; Paralymic Games ( 9.6 — 9.17 ), down 38.0% 。
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
( 2.1 ) Reduction Assessment of NO2
2.2 Satellite monitoring and emission reduction assessment of SO2
Fig 2. The mean SO2 VCDs during the Olympic Games (left)
and 2005 ~ 2007(right) 。
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
20082007-2009
2.2 Emission reduction of SO2
The same methods for NO2 were used for SO
2 emission reduction assessment.
58% reduction found in Beijing for trop. SO2 V
CD, and 40% in Tianjin and 48% in Tangshan,
during the extended period of the Olympic Ga
mes(July 1-Sep 20).
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
2.3 Satellite Monitoring and emission reduction of AOD
The AODs derived from MODIS data are provided.
18% reduction in AOD was found
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Fig 10. The mean AOD in Northern China during the period of the Olymp
ic Games(August, September) for 2005 to 2008,respectively.
2005 2006
2007 2008
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
It is shown that the mean AOD of 2008 over
Beijing is remarkably less than those of the
other years. 18% reduction was found.
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Fig 12. The satellite derived AODS in Beijing, Xianghe and Xinglong, validated by cimel sunphotometers’ measurements
北京站
00. 20. 40. 60. 8
11. 21. 41. 61. 8
2
08-1-1 08-1-31 08-3-1 08-3-31 08-4-30 08-5-30 08-6-29 08-7-29 08-8-28Date
AOD
MYD04AERONET
香河站
00. 20. 40. 60. 8
11. 21. 41. 61. 8
2
08-1-1 08-1-31 08-3-1 08-3-31 08-4-30 08-5-30 08-6-29 08-7-29 08-8-28Date
AOD
MYD04AERONET
兴隆站
00. 20. 40. 60. 8
11. 21. 41. 61. 8
2
08-1-1 08-1-31 08-3-1 08-3-31 08-4-30 08-5-30 08-6-29 08-7-29 08-8-28Date
AOD
MYD04AERONET
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Xianghe Platform for Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation measurements ( September 2004 to Present )
Fig 13, the seasonal variation of the tropospheric NO2 VCD for Beiji
ng, from 2005 to 2008.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 125
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
month
Tro
po
sph
eri
c N
O2 V
CD
(10
15m
ol/c
m2)
2008
20052006
2007
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Fig 14 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD of 20
08 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tanshan
Fig 15 The seasonal variation of tropospheric NO2 VCD from
2005 to 2007 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Tangshan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 125
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
month
Trop
osph
eric
NO
2 V
CD
(10
15m
ol/c
m2) 2008
Beijing
Tianjin
Tangshan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1210
15
20
25
30
35
40
month
Tro
posp
heric
NO
2 V
CD
(10
15m
ol/c
m2) 2005-2007
Beijing
Tianjin
Tangshan
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
2.7 CO seasonal variation in Beijing
The change of CO column amount from MOPITT
data.
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
The monthly variation of CO column amount of 2008 over nothern China region
Fig 4 Comparison of CO in 2008 with 2005-2007
It is shown that the CO column amount is similar to the
historical values before the ensuring measures, while it
decreases remarkably during the AQ ensuring measures
and the following month (August – October). This
decreasing trends still maintains until one month later
when the AQ ensuring measures ended.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
month
CO
VC
D(1
01
8m
ol/c
m2)
2008
2005-2007
Fig 5. The MaxDOAS measurements for NO2 during the extended period of Beijing Olympic Games, collaborated with Belgium team
Site: on the roof of IAP main building
MAXDOAS
4 Conclusions
Provided the satellite data and analysis report
of NO2, SO2 and AOD;
Provided the effect assessment of air quality
ensuring measures during the extended
periods of the Olympic Games
Published a paper in Chinese Science Bulletin
(Chinese + English)
AMFIC Progress Meeting, Barcelona, 2009-06-24
Thanks !