Download - Economic Downturn & Its Impact on Women
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Julie Graber The Ins0tute on Women ins0tuteonwomen.org
Copyright © 2009, The Institute on Women
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In the News… • In Downturn's Wake, Women Hold Half of U.S. Jobs (Wall
Street Journal)
– Women Now Hold Half of U.S. Jobs -‐ For Less Money Than Men
• Women gain as men lose jobs (USA Today)
– When Will Women Become the Majority of the Workforce? (New York Times)
• For the first 0me in our na0on's history, fully half of U.S. workers are female (Shriver Report)
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66478
66236 66051
65884 65803 65600 65523
65392 65319
67855
67416
66949
66597 66375
66115 65888 65818
65719
64000
64500
65000
65500
66000
66500
67000
67500
68000
68500
Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09
Number of Men and Women in the Payroll Labor Force -‐ 2009
Women Men
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Percentage of Men and Women in the Payroll Labor Force -‐2009
49.49% 49.56%
49.66% 49.73%
49.78% 49.80% 49.86% 49.84% 49.85%
50.51% 50.44%
50.34% 50.27%
50.22% 50.20% 50.14% 50.16% 50.15%
48.80%
49.00%
49.20%
49.40%
49.60%
49.80%
50.00%
50.20%
50.40%
50.60%
Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09
Women
Men
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Women Feeling the Impact of the Current Economic Climate
8.8%
11.7%
12.6% 12.2%
11.6%
12.9%
13.6% 13.2%
13.4% 13.6%
13.8% 13.8%
8.9%
11.3% 11.7%
11.9%
12.5%
12.4%
5.4%
7.6% 7.5% 7.6% 7.8%
8.1%
5.0%
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
13.0%
14.0%
15.0%
Oct-‐08 Nov-‐08 Dec-‐08 Jan-‐09 Feb-‐09 Mar-‐09 Apr-‐09 May-‐09 Jun-‐09 Jul-‐09 Aug-‐09 Sep-‐09 Oct-‐09
Unemployment -‐ female headed households
Labor Force Par0cipa0on Rate -‐ Women 65 years and older
Unemployment -‐ African American Women
Unemployment -‐ All women, 20 years or older
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Today
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Economic Status – Median Earnings • The gender wage gap in Ohio is $.73 – (state rank: 35th) –
lower than the na<onal average of $.78
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Economic Status – Median Earnings
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Gender and Wages in Ohio
57%
58%
59%
59%
59%
62%
59%
58%
54%
58%
53%
49%
45%
41%
40%
36%
35%
32%
26%
17%
43%
42%
41%
41%
41%
38%
41%
42%
46%
42%
47%
51%
55%
59%
60%
64%
65%
68%
74%
83%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
$1 to $2,499 or loss
$2,500 to $4,999
$5,000 to $7,499
$7,500 to $9,999
$10,000 to $12,499
$12,500 to $14,999
$15,000 to $17,499
$17,500 to $19,999
$20,000 to $22,499
$22,500 to $24,999
$25,000 to $29,999
$30,000 to $34,999
$35,000 to $39,999
$40,000 to $44,999
$45,000 to $49,999
$50,000 to $54,999
$55,000 to $64,999
$65,000 to $74,999
$75,000 to $99,999
$100,000 or more
Female Male
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Economic Status -‐ Six-‐Figure Salaries • Only 2% of women working on
Ohio earn six figures (vs. 7% for men)
• Women make up 18% of the six-‐figure earnings in Ohio
98%
2%
Six-Figure Earnings Among Working Women
82%
18%
Gender Distribution of Six-Figure Salaries
Are Men
Are Women
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Economic Status – Business Leadership
70.2%
29.8%
Business Ownership – 51% or more
65.5%
34.5%
Women in Managerial Roles
Women are the majority owners of 29.8% of privately held companies in Ohio
Women hold 34.5% of managerial positions in Ohio organizations
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EducaPonal AQainment • Only 23.2% of Ohio’s women
have four or more years of college
23%
Women In Ohio With Four or More Years of College
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EducaPonal AQainment – It takes four or more years of college (or the equivalent) to increase the median earnings of women in Ohio to exceed the median earnings of men with a high school diploma ($36,024 vs. $33,332)
– Four or more years of college reduces the rate of poverty among women from 12% to 3.9%
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Health Issues:
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• Ohio ranks among the worst states for death rates among women from:
– breast cancer – colorectal cancer – coronary heart disease
• We are also among the worst states for Our own health risk behaviors
– Rate of smoking – Regular exercise – Diet includes fruit and vegetables
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