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09.05DR PATRICIA BENITEZ
University of Nebrija
The late Gothic helical staircase:Geometry & widespread use
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Colegio Mayor Arzobispo Fonseca. Salamanca.
HELICAL STAIRCASE
wide variety of geometrical designs
Colegio Mayor Arzobispo Fonseca. Salamanca.
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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On the basis of the following objective criteria:
COMFORT, SAFETY AND WORK ECONOMY(ease of construction and financial cost)
OBJECTIVE
HOW THE GEOMETRICAL DESIGN
used to solve the inner aperture
COULD IMPACT ON THEIR WIDESPREAD
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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HELICAL STAIRCASE OVERVIEW
DefinitionTerminology
Origin and evolution
Structural aspects
Comfort/safety
Constructive aspects
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Palacio Real de Olite (Navarra)Fuente: Tripadvisor
HELICAL STAIRCASE
wide variety of geometrical designs
Santa María de Bonaval (Guadalajara)Fuente: P. Benítez
Helical staircaseevolution of the
spiral staircase
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Castle of the Cabrera island. (Mallorca)Fuente: repasosayer.com
• Natural light to illuminate the space
• Improve the movement of people
BENEFITS
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
FUNDAMENTALS GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
• Standarized techniques
• Ease of construction
• Search for space-saving designs
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Monastery in Tomar (Portugal) Fuente: santillan3.blogspot.ie
Chambord Castle (France)Architect: Leonardo da Vinci?
Fuente: sunsurfer
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Caernarfon castle (Wales)Fuente: Flickr
Castle Nuovo (Italy)Fuente: i.pinimg.com
Catedral de SalamancaFuente: P.Benítez
STEP
PED
SO
FFIT
SMO
OTH
HEL
ICAL
SO
FFIT
FLU
TED
HEL
ICAL
SO
FFIT
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Louvre Museum (France) Architect: Ieoh Ming 1989 Fuente: dreamstime.com
Vatican Museum (Italy). Architect: Giuseppe Momo 1932
Fuente: civitavecchia.portmobility.it
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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SEGOVIA
Villacastín
Martín MiguelParadinas
Martín Muñoz de las Posadas
Valverde del Majano
SEGOVIAVillacastín
THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
Time PeriodLate Gothics.XV-s.XVI
MorphologyOne-piece stepCircular case
Geographical areaCiudad y Tierra de Segovia
Segovia Cathedral Salamanca Cathedral Gothic expansion
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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1708Portor y Castro
Martínez de Arandac.1600
Vandelvira c.1580
1639San Nicolás
Gelabert1653
Tosca1712
1678Caramuel
1747García Berruguilla
Bails1783Gil de Hontañón
c.1580
Guardiac.1600
EARLY SPANISH TREATISES ANALISED
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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EARLY SPANISH TREATISESData sheets
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Church Ntra. Sra. De la AsunciónValverde del Majano
Church San BartoloméMartín Miguel
Cathedral Ntra. Sra. De la Asunción y de S. FrutosSegovia
Monastery Santa Cruz la RealSegovia
Church S. SebastiánVillacastín
REAL HELICAL STAIRCASES ANALYSEDSacred buildings
Villacastín
Valverde del Majano
Martín Miguel
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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REAL HELICAL STAIRCASESData sheets
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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REPRESENTATIVE APPROACHES
Caracol de mallorcaA. Vandelvira
Caracol de “gradas torcidas”San Nicolás
Caracol de Santa Cruz
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING THE GEOMETRICAL DESIGN
EMPLOYED TO SOLVE THE CENTRAL APERTURE
RADIAL NON RADIAL TANGENT
NON RADIALMiddle-way solutionRiser crosses the hollow
RADIALCircular-sector stepRiser = staircase radius
TANGENT Fan-shaped stepRiser tangent to the hollowRiser length > case radius
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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RADIAL SOLUTION
Caracol de mallorcaA. Vandelvira
First helical staircase in the Iberian PeninsulaPere Compte (1482-1498)
The most commonly used layout
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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TANGENT SOLUTION
Monastery of Santa Cruz la Real (Segovia)Juan Guas (1484-1492)
Fuente: P. Benítez
• Quite unusual design
• Not included in any spanish stonemasonrytexts
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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NON RADIAL SOLUTION
• Quite unusual design
• Included in Arte y vso de Architectvra
(Fray Lorenzo de San Nicolás, 1639)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
MAIN PARAMETERS OF THE TREAD
Staircase diameter 180cm Number of steps per rotation 14Turning direction anticlockwise
Central aperture diameter20cm / 25cm / 30cm / 35cm / 40cm
Fixed parameters
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSISMEASUREMENT
Geometrical parameters affected bythe soluction adopted which impact
the movement and economy:
Tread- area (nominal & effective)
Tread- length (nominal & effective)Tread- depth (nominal)
Volume- of the smallest square block
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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CASES DEPENDING OF THE LOCATION OF THE WALKING LINE
AuIII
radio
AuIV
radio25.00
AuI
radio
AuII
radio25.00 15.00 15.00
radio radio
AuI
25.00radio radio
25.00
AuIII AuIVAuII
15.00 15.00
AREA ÚTIL I
HU
ELL
AR
AD
IAL
HU
ELL
ATA
NG
EN
CIA
L
10.00 10.00
10.00 10.00
AREA ÚTIL II AREA ÚTIL III AREA ÚTIL IV
HU
ELL
AN
O R
AD
IAL
AuI
radio
AuII
radio
AuIII
radio
AuIV
radio
10.00 10.00
25.00 15.00 15.00 25.00
At
radio
AREA TOTAL
At
At
RAD
IAL
TAN
GEN
TN
ON
RAD
IAL
TOTAL AREA EFFECTIVE AREA I EFFECTIVE AREA II EFFECTIVE AREA III
EFFECTIVE ARE IV
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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1680%1700%1720%1740%1760%1780%1800%1820%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%total%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
Nominal Area
Central hollow (cm)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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760,00%
780,00%
800,00%
820,00%
840,00%
860,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%II%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
1620%1640%1660%1680%1700%1720%1740%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%I%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
200,00%
400,00%
600,00%
800,00%
1000,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%IV%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
1450,00%
1500,00%
1550,00%
1600,00%
1650,00%
1700,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%III%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
760,00%
780,00%
800,00%
820,00%
840,00%
860,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%II%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
1620%1640%1660%1680%1700%1720%1740%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%I%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
200,00%
400,00%
600,00%
800,00%
1000,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%IV%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
1450,00%
1500,00%
1550,00%
1600,00%
1650,00%
1700,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Área%%(cm
2)%
Diámetro%ojo%interior%(cm)%
Variación%Área%ú5l%III%%
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
Effective Area I
Inner apperture diameter (cm)
Effective Area II
Effective Area III
Effective Area IV
Central hollow (cm)
Central hollow (cm)
Central hollow(cm)
Central hollow (cm)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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0,00#
20,00#
40,00#
60,00#
80,00#
100,00#
20,00# 25,00# 30,00# 35,00# 40,00#
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)total)))
solución#radial#
solución#no#radial#
solución#tangencial#
Nominal length
Central hollow (cm)
Leng
th(c
m)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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64,00%66,00%68,00%70,00%72,00%74,00%76,00%78,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)I))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
42,00%43,00%44,00%45,00%46,00%47,00%48,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)II))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
20,00%
40,00%
60,00%
80,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)III))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
10,00%
20,00%
30,00%
40,00%
50,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)IV))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
64,00%66,00%68,00%70,00%72,00%74,00%76,00%78,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)I))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
42,00%43,00%44,00%45,00%46,00%47,00%48,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)II))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
20,00%
40,00%
60,00%
80,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)III))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
0,00%
10,00%
20,00%
30,00%
40,00%
50,00%
20,00% 25,00% 30,00% 35,00% 40,00%
Longitu
d)(cm))
Diámetro)ojo)interior)(cm))
Variación)Longitud)ú7l)IV))
solución%radial%
solución%no%radial%
solución%tangencial%
Effective length I
Effective length II
Effective length III
Effective length IV
Central hollow (cm)
Central hollow (cm)
Central hollow (cm)
Central hollow (cm)
Leng
th(c
m)
Leng
th(c
m)
Leng
th(c
m)
Leng
th(c
m)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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0,00#
50,00#
100,00#
150,00#
200,00#
250,00#
20,00# 25,00# 30,00# 35,00# 40,00#
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(total((
solución#radial#
solución#no#radial#
solución#tangencial#
Nominal perimeter
Central hollow (cm)
Perim
eter
(cm
)
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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175,00&180,00&185,00&190,00&195,00&200,00&205,00&210,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(I((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
120,00&
125,00&
130,00&
135,00&
140,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(II((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
150,00&
160,00&
170,00&
180,00&
190,00&
200,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(III((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
0,00&20,00&40,00&60,00&80,00&
100,00&120,00&140,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(IV((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
175,00&180,00&185,00&190,00&195,00&200,00&205,00&210,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(I((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
120,00&
125,00&
130,00&
135,00&
140,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(II((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
150,00&
160,00&
170,00&
180,00&
190,00&
200,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(III((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
0,00&20,00&40,00&60,00&80,00&
100,00&120,00&140,00&
20,00& 25,00& 30,00& 35,00& 40,00&
Perím
etro((cm)(
Diámetro(ojo(interior((cm)(
Variación(Perímetro(ú5l(IV((
solución&radial&
solución&no&radial&
solución&tangencial&
Effective perimeter I
Central hollow (cm)
Perim
eter
(cm
)
Central hollow (cm)
Perim
eter
(cm
)
Central hollow (cm)
Perim
eter
(cm
)
Central hollow (cm)
Perim
eter
(cm
)
Effective perimeter III
Effective perimeter II Effective perimeter IV
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Ø"20cm Ø"40cm Ø"20cm Ø"40cm≈ ≈ Nominal"tread"area ≈ ≈≈ 37% Effective"tread"area ≈ 36%
10% 21% Tread"perimeter 7% 13%10% 25% Nominal"width"of"run 15% 14%7% 10320% Effective"width"of"run" 233% 3310%12% 28% Minimum"stone"block 35% 52%
Central"hollow Central"hollow
NON RADIAL in relation to
RADIAL
TANGENTin relation to
RADIAL
COMPARATIVE ANALYSISresults
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Ø"20cm Ø"40cmNominal"tread"area ≈ ≈Effective"tread"area ≈ ≈Tread"perimeter 3% 7%
Nominal"width"of"run >5% 13%Effective"width"of"run" 5% 11%Minimum"stone"block >18% >16%
Central"hollow
TANGENT-NON RADIAL
COMPARATIVE ANALYSISresults
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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REASON OF UNEVEN WIDESPREAD OF DIFFERENT LAYOUTS
WORK ECONOMY(ease of construction and financial cost)
RADIAL SOLUTION = MOST FRECUENT.
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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FUTURE REASEARCH
ü IDENTIFICATION & ANALYSIS OF WIDESPREAD PATHS Extend the research to other geografical areas
ü IDENTIFICATION & ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF EVOLUTIONExtend the research to other time periods
ü CLASIFICATION IN SUBGROUPSThe research extension would confirm the broad types classification
as well as determine possible subgroups
ü IDENTIFICATION OF SCHOOL / MASTERStudy of the different features in order to attribute to certain school/master
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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FUTURE RESEARCHResearch tools
ü CREATION OF A DATABASE OPEN TO GENERAL PUBLIC PARTICIPATIONEasy location & identificaction of different samples
ü CRETATION OF A STAIRCASES INVENTORYFill in a data-sheet for every stair analyzed
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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CAMDEM FORT
Fuente:/www.camdenfortmeagher.ie
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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BIRR CASTLE
Fuente: pinterest.com.au
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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BALLYHANNON CASTLE (1490)
Fuente: pinterest.ie
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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NEXUS NETWORK JOURNALPeer-reviewed journal indexed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) & other databases
The tangent solution to the late gothic helical staircase: a justified oblivion
INDEXED JOURNAL
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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VIII CONGRESO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓNMadrid (Spain), october 2013Diseño y construcción del caracol de mallorca de la iglesia delmonasterio de Santa Cruz la Real (Segovia)
INTERNACIONAL CONFERENCE ON PRESERVATION, MAINTENANCEAND REHABILITATION OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS
Tomar (Portugal), march 2014From spiral to helical stairs: Santa Cruz la Real and Santiago Apóstolapproaches
CONGRESSES
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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I CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL HISPANOAMERICANO yIX CONGRESO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN
Segovia (Spain), october 2015Diseño y construcción del caracol de mallorca de la iglesia delmonasterio de Santa Cruz la Real (Segovia)
II CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL HISPANOAMERICANO yX CONGRESO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN
San Sebastián (Spain), october 2017From spiral to helical stairs: Santa Cruz la Real and Santiago Apóstolapproaches
CONGRESSES
THE LATE GOTHIC HELICAL STAIRCASE
GEOMETRY &WIDESPREAD USE
INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW EARLY TREATISES REAL HELICAL STAIRS COMPARATIVE ANALISIS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS FUTURE RESEARCH DISSEMINATION
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Thank youDR PATRICIA BENITEZ
University of Nebrija