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Ma. Encarnita C. BlancoMa. Encarnita C. Blanco--Limpin, MDLimpin, MDFramework Convention on Tobacco Control Alliance,Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Alliance,
Philippines (FCAP)Philippines (FCAP)Council on Tobacco or Health, Philippine College of ChestCouncil on Tobacco or Health, Philippine College of Chest
Physicians (PCCP)Physicians (PCCP)
Philippine Heart CenterPhilippine Heart Center
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1.1 billion or 1 in 3 adults smoke1.1 billion or 1 in 3 adults smoke
about 80% live in lowabout 80% live in low-- and middleand middle--income countriesincome countries
total number of smokers is expected to reach abouttotal number of smokers is expected to reach about1.6 billion by 20251.6 billion by 2025
G
lobal Trends in Tobacco UseG
lobal Trends in Tobacco Use
World Bank, 1999World Bank, 1999
WHO, 2001WHO, 2001
1.2 billion smokers over the age of 15 years1.2 billion smokers over the age of 15 years300 million are in China300 million are in China
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Smoking already kills one in 10Smoking already kills one in 10
adults worldwideadults worldwide
By 2030, the proportion will be oneBy 2030, the proportion will be one
in six, or 10 million deaths per yearin six, or 10 million deaths per year
Until recently, this epidemic ofUntil recently, this epidemic of
chronic disease and premature deathchronic disease and premature deathmainly affected the rich countries, itmainly affected the rich countries, it
is now rapidly shifting to theis now rapidly shifting to the
developing worlddeveloping world
By 2020, seven of every 10 peopleBy 2020, seven of every 10 peoplekilled by smoking will be in lowkilled by smoking will be in low--
and middleand middle--income nationsincome nations
World Bank, 1999World Bank, 1999
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Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption
Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption Manufactured CigarettesManufactured Cigarettes
Philippines has manufactured 73Philippines has manufactured 73
billion cigarettes in 1994, occupyingbillion cigarettes in 1994, occupying
the 15the 15thth
leading producer ofleading producer ofcigarettescigarettes
Manufactured Cigar
ettesManufactured Cigarettes
Philippines has manufactured 73Philippines has manufactured 73
billion cigarettes in 1994, occupyingbillion cigarettes in 1994, occupying
the 15the 15thth
leading producer ofleading producer ofcigarettescigarettes
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Imported CigarettesImported Cigarettes
Philippines has imported some 13.98Philippines has imported some 13.98
billion cigarettes, occupying the 12billion cigarettes, occupying the 12thth
place among worlds leadingplace among worlds leading
importersimporters
Imp
orted CigarettesImported Cigarettes
Philippines has imported some 13.98Philippines has imported some 13.98
billion cigarettes, occupying the 12billion cigarettes, occupying the 12thth
place among worlds leadingplace among worlds leading
importersimporters
Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption
Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption
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Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption
Tobacco Production andTobacco Production and
ConsumptionConsumption Tobacco ConsumptionTobacco Consumption
Among 25 leading countries in 1994,Among 25 leading countries in 1994,
Philippines ranked 15Philippines ranked 15thth on apparenton apparent
tobacco consumption with sometobacco consumption with some
85.36 billion cigarettes or about 1.6%85.36 billion cigarettes or about 1.6%
of the worlds total (WHO 1997)of the worlds total (WHO 1997)
Tobacco Consump
tionTobacco Consumption
Among 25 leading countries in 1994,Among 25 leading countries in 1994,
Philippines ranked 15Philippines ranked 15thth on apparenton apparent
tobacco consumption with sometobacco consumption with some
85.36 billion cigarettes or about 1.6%85.36 billion cigarettes or about 1.6%
of the worlds total (WHO 1997)of the worlds total (WHO 1997)
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S
moking PrevalenceS
moking PrevalenceS
moking PrevalenceS
moking Prevalence In terms of tobacco consumption, WHOIn terms of tobacco consumption, WHO
estimated in 1998 that 1/3estimated in 1998 that 1/3rdrd
of the globalof the globalpopulation, or 1.1 billion people aged 15population, or 1.1 billion people aged 15
years and over are smokersyears and over are smokers
800 million of these are in developing800 million of these are in developingcountries like the Philippinescountries like the Philippines
In terms of tobacco consumption, WHOIn terms of tobacco consumption, WHO
estimated in 1998 that 1/3estimated in 1998 that 1/3rdrd
of the globalof the globalpopulation, or 1.1 billion people aged 15population, or 1.1 billion people aged 15
years and over are smokersyears and over are smokers
800 million of these are in developing800 million of these are in developingcountries like the Philippinescountries like the Philippines
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S
moking PrevalenceS
moking PrevalenceS
moking PrevalenceS
moking Prevalence In 4,541 individuals aged 20 yearsn 4,541 individuals aged 20 years
and over :and over : 33% of adult Filipinos are current33% of adult Filipinos are current
smokerssmokers
13% are ex13% are ex--smokerssmokers
In 4,541 individuals aged 20 yearsn 4,541 individuals aged 20 years
and over :and over : 33% of adult Filipinos are current33% of adult Filipinos are current
smokerssmokers
13% are ex13% are ex--smokerssmokers
Monograph of Cigarette SmokingMonograph of Cigarette SmokingDans et. al., 1999Dans et. al., 1999Monograph of Cigarette SmokingMonograph of Cigarette SmokingDans et. al., 1999Dans et. al., 1999
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S
mokingS
moking single most preventable health crisis of allsingle most preventable health crisis of all
Kills nearly 5 million people each yearKills nearly 5 million people each year
20,000 Filipinos die every year due to20,000 Filipinos die every year due to
tobaccotobacco--related diseaserelated disease
-- that's 2 or 3 every hour.that's 2 or 3 every hour.
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What Are You Smoking?What Are You Smoking?
There are 4,000 chemicals in cigaretteThere are 4,000 chemicals in cigarettesmokesmoke -- 60 of which are cancer60 of which are cancer--inducinginducingsubstancessubstances
NicotineNicotine an intake off 60 mg can kill;an intake off 60 mg can kill;each stick has 15each stick has 15--20 mg20 mg TarTar an irritating & canceran irritating & cancer--causingcausing
substancesubstance AmmoniaAmmonia makes smokers addictedmakes smokers addicted Carbon monoxideCarbon monoxide also found in car smokealso found in car smoke
CadmiumCadmium highly toxic, found in carhighly toxic, found in carbatteries that causes liver, kidney &batteries that causes liver, kidney &brain damagebrain damage
LeadLead stunts growth & causes brain damagestunts growth & causes brain damage ArsenicArsenic wellwell--known poisonknown poison
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Hair loss, wrinkling, discolored fingers and
bad breath are just some of the side effects of
smoking
Smoking makes bones brittle, making you prone toinjuries
Smoking for more than 20 years will reduce your
lifespan by 20 to 25 years
Hair loss, wrinkling, discolored fingers and
bad breath are just some of the side effects of
smoking
Smoking makes bones brittle, making you prone toinjuries
Smoking for more than 20 years will reduce your
lifespan by 20 to 25 years
S
mokeG
ets in yourS
mokeG
ets in yourS
mokeG
ets in yourS
mokeG
ets in your
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W
hat YouS
hould Know AboutW
hat YouS
hould Know About
Mainstream smoke is smoke that is inhaledthrough a smokers mouth
Sidestream smoke is smoke that drifts off at
the end of cigarettes
A secondhand smoke or passive smokerA secondhand smoke or passive smokeris one who inhales sidestream smokeis one who inhales sidestream smoke
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nonnon--smokers who live with smokers are:smokers who live with smokers are: at 20at 20--30% increased risk of developing cancer,30% increased risk of developing cancer,
particularly lung cancerparticularly lung cancer
At 20At 20--30% increased risk of developing heart30% increased risk of developing heartdiseasedisease
-- Major International reviews on Cancer andMajor International reviews on Cancer andHeart DiseaseHeart Disease
Passive Evidence ofPassive Evidence of
secondsecond--hand smoke kills 35,000 to 65,000hand smoke kills 35,000 to 65,000adult nonadult non--smokers from heart disease andsmokers from heart disease and3,000 non3,000 non--smokers from lung cancer everysmokers from lung cancer everyin USA alonein USA alone
-- USand California EnvironmentalUSand California Environmental
Protection AgenciesProtection Agencies
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In children, passive smoking is known tocause fetal growth impairment, cot death
(SIDS), asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia andmiddle ear disease
Childrens exposure to tobacco smoke isresponsible for up to 13% of asthma cases,
13% of ear infections and 20% of all lunginfections in children under 5
-- 1996USAnalysis of over100 reports on1996USAnalysis of over100 reports on
Pediatric DiseasesPediatric Diseases
Passive Evidence ofPassive Evidence of
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Tobacco Smoke is also anImportant Source of Air Pollution
Tobacco Smoke is also anImportant Source of Air Pollution
Contributes to a noxiousenvironment
It causes wheezing, coughing,
colds, earaches, and asthmaattacks in passive smokers
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Economic IssuesEconomic Issues The Philippine government earns aboutThe Philippine government earns about 2121
billion pesosbillion pesos from the sale and manufacturefrom the sale and manufacture
of tobacco and tobacco products each year.of tobacco and tobacco products each year.
But it loses aboutBut it loses about 46 billion pesos46 billion pesos toto
tobaccotobacco--related healthcare and lost ofrelated healthcare and lost of
productivity.productivity.
Monograph of Cigarette SmokingMonograph of Cigarette SmokingDans et. al., 1999Dans et. al., 1999Monograph of Cigarette SmokingMonograph of Cigarette SmokingDans et. al., 1999Dans et. al., 1999
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Health Consequences ofHealth Consequences of
Smoking are TwoSmoking are Two--FoldFold AddictionAddiction
The addictive properties of nicotine are wellThe addictive properties of nicotine are welldocumented but often underestimated by thedocumented but often underestimated by the
consumerconsumer
Fatal and disabling diseasesFatal and disabling diseases
The diseases associated with smoking are wellThe diseases associated with smoking are welldocumented & include:documented & include:
Cancers of the lungs and other organsCancers of the lungs and other organs Ischemic heart diseaseIschemic heart disease
StrokesStrokes
Respiratory diseases such as emphysema, frequentRespiratory diseases such as emphysema, frequentasthma attacksasthma attacks
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What is FCTC?What is FCTC? FFrameworkrameworkCConvention ononvention on TTobaccoobacco CControlontrol
International treaty initiated by the World HealthInternational treaty initiated by the World HealthAssemblyAssembly
A governing body of the World Health OrganizationA governing body of the World Health Organization worlds first global public health agreement devotedworlds first global public health agreement devoted
entirely to tobacco control.entirely to tobacco control.
Participated by 192 countriesParticipated by 192 countries
Negotiations began in October 1999 & concluded onNegotiations began in October 1999 & concluded onMarch 1March 1stst 20032003
Signing & ratification is onSigning & ratification is on--going (May 18going (May 18--28, 2003)28, 2003)
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People who smoke may notPeople who smoke may not
realize how noxious smoke is torealize how noxious smoke is to
nonnon--smokers. Passive smoking issmokers. Passive smoking is
damaging, not just disagreeable,damaging, not just disagreeable,
and can actually be lethal toand can actually be lethal to
people with severe asthma. people with severe asthma. -- Claire Rayner, writer andClaire Rayner, writer and
health campaignerhealth campaigner
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"It is important to know as much as possible about"It is important to know as much as possible about
teenage smoking patterns and attitudes. Today's teenteenage smoking patterns and attitudes. Today's teen--agerager
is tomorrow's potential regular customer, and theis tomorrow's potential regular customer, and the
overwhelming majority of smokers first begin to smokeoverwhelming majority of smokers first begin to smoke
while in their teens. . . .The smoking patterns of teenwhile in their teens. . . .The smoking patterns of teen--agersagers
are particularly important to Philip Morris. . . the shareare particularly important to Philip Morris. . . the share
index is highest in the youngest group for allMarlboroindex is highest in the youngest group for allMarlboro
and Virginia Slims packings. At least a part of the successand Virginia Slims packings. At least a part of the success
ofMarlboro Red during its most rapid growth period wasofMarlboro Red during its most rapid growth period was
because it became the brand of choice among teenagersbecause it became the brand of choice among teenagers
who then stuck with it as they grew older."who then stuck with it as they grew older."
March 31, 1981 market research report on young smokers titled"YoungMarch 31, 1981 market research report on young smokers titled"Young
Smokers Prevalence, Trends,Implications, and Related DemographicSmokers Prevalence, Trends,Implications, and Related Demographic
Trends,Trends,
written by Philip Morris researcherMyron E. Johnston and approved bywritten by Philip Morris researcherMyron E. Johnston and approved by
Carolyn Levy and Harry Daniel. Bates No. 000390803Carolyn Levy and Harry Daniel. Bates No. 000390803
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Ma. Encarnita C. Blanco-Limpin, MDCouncil on Tobacco or Health & Air Pollution, Philippine
College of Chest Physicians (PCCP)Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Alliance,
Philippines (FCAP)
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What Happens to our body whenWhat Happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .
What Happens to our body whenWhat Happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .20 minutes20 minutes BP & pulse rate drops to normalBP & pulse rate drops to normal
Body temp of hands & feetBody temp of hands & feet
increases to normalincreases to normal
8 hours8 hours CO level in your blood drops toCO level in your blood drops to
normalnormal
O2 in our blood increases toO2 in our blood increases to
normalnormal
24 hours24 hours chance of heart attack chance of heart attack
decreasesdecreases
20 minutes20 minutes BP & pulse rate drops to normalBP & pulse rate drops to normal
Body temp of hands & feetBody temp of hands & feet
increases to normalincreases to normal
8 hours8 hours CO level in your blood drops toCO level in your blood drops to
normalnormal
O2 in our blood increases toO2 in our blood increases to
normalnormal
24 hours24 hours chance of heart attack chance of heart attack
decreasesdecreases
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What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .
What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .48 hours48 hours nerve endings start growing againnerve endings start growing again
ability to smell & taste is enhancedability to smell & taste is enhanced
nicotine is no longer detectable innicotine is no longer detectable inthe bodythe body
2 wks to2 wks to circulation improvescirculation improves
3 months3 months walking becomes easierwalking becomes easierlung function increase up to 30%lung function increase up to 30%
48 hours48 hours nerve endings start growing againnerve endings start growing again
ability to smell & taste is enhancedability to smell & taste is enhanced
nicotine is no longer detectable innicotine is no longer detectable inthe bodythe body
2 wks to2 wks to circulation improvescirculation improves
3 months3 months walking becomes easierwalking becomes easierlung function increase up to 30%lung function increase up to 30%
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What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .
What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .1 to 9 months1 to 9 months cough, sinus congestion,cough, sinus congestion,
fatigue & shortness of breathfatigue & shortness of breath
decreasedecreasecilia grow again in your lungs,cilia grow again in your lungs,
increasing ability to handleincreasing ability to handle
mucus, clean the lungs &mucus, clean the lungs &
reduce infectionreduce infection
1 year1 year risk of coronary heart diseaserisk of coronary heart disease
is that of a smokeris that of a smoker
1 to 9 months1 to 9 months cough, sinus congestion,cough, sinus congestion,
fatigue & shortness of breathfatigue & shortness of breath
decreasedecreasecilia grow again in your lungs,cilia grow again in your lungs,
increasing ability to handleincreasing ability to handle
mucus, clean the lungs &mucus, clean the lungs &
reduce infectionreduce infection
1 year1 year risk of coronary heart diseaserisk of coronary heart disease
is that of a smokeris that of a smoker
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What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .
What happens to our body whenWhat happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .you quit smoking . . .5 years5 years lung cancer death ratelung cancer death rate
decreases by almost decreases by almost stroke risk is reduced tostroke risk is reduced to
that of nonthat of non--smoker 5smoker 5--1515
years after quittingyears after quitting
risk of cancer of the mouth,risk of cancer of the mouth,
throat & esophagus is throat & esophagus is
that of a smokers riskthat of a smokers risk
5 years5 years lung cancer death ratelung cancer death rate
decreases by almost decreases by almost stroke risk is reduced tostroke risk is reduced to
that of nonthat of non--smoker 5smoker 5--1515
years after quittingyears after quitting
risk of cancer of the mouth,risk of cancer of the mouth,
throat & esophagus is throat & esophagus is
that of a smokers riskthat of a smokers risk
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What happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .
What happens to our body when
you quit smoking . . .10 years lung cancer death rate is
similar to that of a non-smoker
risk of all cigarette-related
cancers continues to decrease
15 years risk of coronary heart disease
is that of a non-smoker
10 years lung cancer death rate is
similar to that of a non-smoker
risk of all cigarette-related
cancers continues to decrease
15 years risk of coronary heart disease
is that of a non-smoker
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QUIT NOW!
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