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Does the surgical correction of tibial torsion with genu varum produce
outcomes similar to those in varus correction alone?
Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society Annual Meeting
Charleston, South Carolina July 22, 2016
Aus$nT.Fragomen,MDMa3hewMeadeEugeneBorst
JoeNguyen,MPHS.RobertRozbruch,MD
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As faculty I am committed to providing transparency in any/all external relationships prior to giving an academic
presentation.
Austin Fragomen, MD
Disclosure: I do have a financial relationship with the following commercial interests:
I receive royalties from SBI. I am a consultant for Smith & Nephew, NuVasive & Synthes
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• IRB approved retrospective review with comparison of two groups.
• 2013-2014 Bilateral tibia osteoplasty 69 patients (138 limbs) for varus deformity.
• Simple Varus n=35 • Varus & Torsion n=34
– 32 external tibial torsion – 2 internal torsion – Average torsion ? degrees
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Varus (No Torsion)
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Varus & Torsion BEFORE AFTER
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Evaluation = Chart Review
Pre and Post Op MAD, MPTA, TFA
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MAD MAD=MechanicalAxisDevia6on
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Joint Orientation Angles
MPTAMedialProximalTibialAngle
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TFA
35°
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VarusN=69
VarusAloneN=35
MonolateralFrame
Varus&Torsion
N=34
HexapodFrame
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Demographics
Varus(SD)
Varus&Torsion(SD)
Age,mean(SD)P<0.001 37.5(9.8) 29.8(9.2)
BMI,mean(SD)P<0.001 25.5(4.0) 21.8(3.8)
FemaleP=0.027 12(34.3%) 18(52.9%)
SmokersP=0.097 8(11.4%) 2(2.9%)
OAKneeP=0.366 8(11.4%) 4(5.8%)
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Interpretation:
• 69 patients walk in the door c/o symptomatic varus
• 49% will have tibial torsion – More likely in females, – younger patients with symptomatic
varus – Thinner patients
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Outcomes • PRIMARY • MAD • MPTA • TFA
• SECONDARY • KOOS post op • Post Op Questionnaire
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Primary Outcome
PreOp,mean(SD) PostOp,mean(SD)
Var VarTor Var VarTor
MPTA 80.9(8.1) 80.4(8.6) 87.8(1.9) 87.2(1.8)
MAD 26.8(10.1) 25.8(13.6) 2.3(3.6) 2.4(3.3)
TFA 15.0(4.6) 31.5(1.9) 15.0(1.7) 13.5(0.7)
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KOOS Varus Varus-Torsion
SymptomsP=0.328 93.5(9.2) 90.8(10.3)
PainP=0.148 95.2(7.8) 93.5(7.5)
ADLP=0.170 98.4(5.1) 97.1(3.9)
SportP=0.110 93.3(10.0) 81.9(21.7)
QoLP=0.021 90.5(10.3) 74.0(25.5)
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Interpretation
• Patients in the Varus-Torsion group were more protective of the legs post op.
• Same return to sports and ADL’s • Why?
– TSF more traumatic experience psychologically?
– More deconditioned from less mobility post op due to TSF?
– Females more cautious or males more reckless?
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Ques$onnarie Varus Varus-Torsion
ConfidenceP=0.515 19(82.6%) 17(94.5%)
KneepainP=0.878 23(100%) 17(94.5%)
Kneefunc6onP=0.999 22(95.6%) 18(100%)
FixatorP=0.211 22(95.7%) 14(77.8%)
WorthwhileP=0.878 23(100%) 17(94.5%)
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Complications
• Compartment Syndrome (1) – Varus & Torsion Group – Identified quickly and anterior-lateral
compartments released – Peroneal nerve decompression- very
tight – Uneventful correction and full recovery
of function – Prophylactic nerve decompression and
fasciotomy for other leg 18
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Conclusions • Patients with symptomatic varus have an
almost 50% chance of having tibial torsion – More commonly are female, low BMI, younger
• Historically, patients perform very well after correction varus
• Patients perform just as well after correction of varus and torsion but are more cautious
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Conclusions
• KOOS 4/5 and Questionnaire show both groups scored very highly
• Caution for compartment syndrome- can be devastating if missed
• Role for prophylactic fasciotomy? • Role for prophylactic peroneal nerve
release?
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Thank You
www.HSS.edu/LimbLengthening