Download - Doaa El-thalatheny Nesreen Salem-Deeb Nermeen abu-Lehya Yasmeen El-Saqqa Dr. Hatem El-Aydi
Islamic University of GazaFaculity of EngineeringElectrical & Computer Engineering Department
Doaa El-thalathenyNesreen Salem-DeebNermeen abu-LehyaYasmeen El-Saqqa
Dr. Hatem El-Aydi
Prepared By:-
Supervised By:-
Content
Objectives
Greenhouse
SCADA
LabVIEW
Hardware
Software
Develop monitoring, supervisory control, and archiving system for agriculture system in a greenhouse .
Rationalize consumption of water.
To control numerous environmental conditions for greenhouse.
To provide overall efficiency for greenhouse owners.
Objective
Is a structure with a glass or plastic roof and frequently glass or plastic walls.
It heats up because incoming solar radiation from the sun warms plants, soil, and other things inside the building.
The reason for growing plants in greenhouses is to control the environment.
A greenhouse allows the plants to grow in any location and at any time of year.
There are 12,000 greenhouses in Gaza strip.
Greenhouse
Israel cut drinking and irrigation water from Gaza .
Only about one-quarter of potentially irrigable lands are actually irrigated, and not in the most efficient manner.
Bad equipments that used in irrigation.
Problem of Irrigation In Gaza
Fertigation has been described as the application of plant nutrients in irrigation water to accomplish fertilization.
Plants require some 17 essential elements in order to grow healthy and produce economic crops .
Elements: 1- Macro-Nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg)
2- Micro- Nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn)
Fertigation
Problem of Ferigation In Gaza
Random use of fertilizers which waste expensive fertilizers.
Also it has a bad effect on soil.
It reduces quality crop, increase the effects of weed competition, and increase the plant diseases.
All this affects on human health and economy of
agricultural sector.
SCADA System
SCADA is an acronym that stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.
A computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data.
SCADA is often referred to as Human-Machine Interface (HMI) software.
Continue..SCADA System Component
SCADA Components
Communication Network
Field Instrumen
tation
Central Monitoring
Station
Remote Stations
SCADA System Component (cont.)
Sensors – I/O points
Remote Station
serverclients
Field bus
Control busCommunication bus
hardware
SCADA Applications
Water Management Systems
• Water Management Systems
Electric Power • Electric Power
Traffic Signals • A railway system
Mass Transit Systems • Manufacturing Systems
Environmental Control Systems • Environmental Control
Water distribution station • Agriculture
SCADA Software
• Labview DSC
from National Instruments
• WinCC
from Siemens
• Cimplicity HMI
from General Electric
• Citect
from Citect Company
LabVIEW is an acronym for Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench.
It is a computer software development application created by National Instruments.
The building blocks of the LabVIEW program are called Virtual Instruments (VI).
LABVIEW
LABVIEW (cont.)LabVIEW Components
Front Panel
Block Diagram
Icon & Connector
1. Shared Variables.2. Logging.3. Alarming.4. Event monitoring. 5. System security.6. Real time and historical data trending.7. More than 4,000 user interface graphics.
LABVIEW DSC Module
DSC: Datalogging and Supervisory Control.
Extends LabVIEW development Environment:-
Feature for sharing data in LabVIEW Applications.
Three Shared Variable types:-
• Single-Process:- share data between two locations on the same VI, or two VIs within the same application.
• Network-Published:- share data with networked systems and uses NI Publish-Subscribe Protocol (NI-PSP).
• Time-Triggered:- share data deterministically through Ethernet between real-time systems.
Shared Variable
Messages to inform operator about operating and error status in the process.
Default HiHi, Hi, Lo, LoLo, bad status, and rate of change alarms.
Alarming
Data (alarms & events) is stored in real time streams to Citadel.
No coding required.
Logging
Facilitate the implementation of security for local or network resources such as LabVIEW project libraries, shared variables, and front panel objects.
The security architecture of the DSC Module separates user management and authentication from resource permissions.
User management and authentication is provided by the Domain Account Manager while the permissions assigned for users to access a resource are defined by the resource itself.
Security
Domain Account Manager
• The Domain Account Manager serves as a central repository
for managing local and remote user account management.
• Use to create users and user groups, each with different
privilege levels.
• This arrangement simplifies the process of assigning permissions to local and networked LabVIEW resources.
Security (cont.)
Project Library Security
• The user can have read/write and granting/denying access to the project library.
Security (cont.)
Shared Variable Security
• Shared variables use the Domain Account Manager user information to set permissions.
Front Panel Security
• Uses Domain Account Manager to assign permission levels to controls and indicators on the front panel.
• You can assign 4 permission levels to front panel objects:-
1. Full Access.2. Disabled (View Only).3. Disabled & Grayed Out. 4. No Access (Hidden).
Security (cont.)
View and control the VI front panels remotely from
LabVIEW or from a web browser.
Requires no programming.
Remote clients see “live” front panels updates.
Multiple clients can view the same panel simultaneously.
Only one client can control the front panel at a time.
Remote Front panels
Web Browser LabVIEW
Only the LabVIEW run-time engine and browser plug-in are required on the client machine. The LabVIEW development environment is not required.
The LabVIEW environment and LabVIEW run-time are required. A web browser is not required.
The browser allows connecting to the local program on the same machine as the server. (http://localhost/name of the vi.html).
Connecting to a remote panel from LabVIEW on the same machine as the server is not permitted.
Only the "Operate" menu is available in the browser's remote panel.
Regular LabVIEW menu options are available with certain items disabled.
An HTML file must be created to control remote panel in the web browser. Once the HTML page is created, any changes to the front panel are automatically reflected in the remote panel viewed in the web browser.
An HTML page is not required.
Remote Front panels (cont.)
To notify someone or send data by email programmatically.
LabVIEW has several VIs for sending email. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol for sending e-mail messages between servers.
Most e-mail systems that send mail over the Internet use SMTP to send messages from one server to another.
E-mail Notification (cont.)
These VIs have options for sending text-only email, email with attachments, and email to multiple recipients.
These VIs require the SMTP server's hostname or IP address
that will be used for sending emails.
E-mail Notification
Hardware
Sharp GP2D12 Infrared Sensor
A distance measuring sensor. It has the features of:-
1. Analog output.2. Effective Range: 10 to 80 cm.3. LED pulse cycle duration: 32 ms.4. Detection area diameter @ 80 cm: 6 cm
Sensors
Temperature Sensor LM35
• An integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature.
• It measures temperature more accurately than a using a thermistor and thermocouples .
• Temperature ( oC) = Vout * (100 oC/V)
Sensors
Light Dependent Resistors LDR
• A device used in light-measuring or light-sensing.
• has a resistance decreases as illumination increases.
• LDRs have a resistance in total:- in darkness of 1 MΩ. in bright light (1) 10 - 20kΩ @ 10 lux.
(2) 2 - 4k Ω @ 100 lux.
Sensors
Humidity Sensor
A simple sensor which measures humidity of the weather.
Sensors
Moisture Scale
• It is the device that measures the average moisture of the soil.
• It consists of:- 1. source of constant voltage 2. constant resistance 3. variable resistance (soil).
Hardware (Cont.)
Valves• The valve need 220V AC source to work.
Pump• The pump we use works at 12V DC.
Hardware
• Data acquisition is the process of gathering information from analog and digital measurement sources such as sensors.
• Use DAQ 6024E from NI.• 16 channels of analog input.• 2 channels of analog output.• 68-pin connector .• 8 lines of digital I/O.
Data Acquisition Card
• We have 5 analog signals as show below:-
Input Description Analog ChannelChannel Pin
Number
Moisture sensor Analog value ACH0 68
Humidity sensor Analog value ACH1 33
Level sensor Analog value ACH2 65
LDR sensor Analog value ACH4 28
Temperature sensor
Analog value ACH5 60
----------- ----------- AIGIND 64
Analog Signals
• We have used 4 digital signals as show below:-
Output Description Digital ChannelChannel Pin Number
Pump Digital value DIO 0 52
Fan Digital value DIO 4 19
Valve#1 Digital value DIO 6 16
Valve#2 Digital value DIO 7 48
---------------- ---------------- DGND 44
Digital Signals
Software
Sending SMS in addition to emails when an alarm happens.
The designed system is a ON-OF system but can very well be extended to a PID system.
Using more developed devices such us PLCs.
Future Work
Conclusion
We build an automated greenhouse using LabVIEW DSC module 8.0.
LabVIEW 8.0 introduces HMI tool with an attractive user interface so entire greenhouse operation will be monitored.
The system supervise and control the irrigation, fertigation, temperatures, and humidity levels for optimum plant growth.
The system is provided by an alarm and datalogging system.
So SCADA is a modern technology which saves time and money by eliminating the need for service personnel to visit each site for inspection.
Have a nice crop!