Download - dnw steel plant
An Overview on Power system
of VSP : DNW
departmentBy Moses
About Visakhapatnam
Steel Plant• Rahtriya lspat Nigam limited is a corporate entity of Visakhapatnam Steel Plant
• Sri Tenneti Viswanatham garu in 1966 demanded for an integrated steel plant in Visakhapatnam
• Site selection committee approved it in june 1970
• On 20th January 1971 foundation stone was laid by our Prime Minister Late Mrs. Indira Gandhi
• The first block of land was taken over on 7th April’74
• The blast furnace foundation was laid with 1st mass concreting in the project in Jan 82
• A new company Rashtriya lspat Nigam Limited (RINL) was formed on 18th Feb. 1982.
• VSP was separated from SAIL and made a corporate entity of RINL in April‘82
• A professionally organized steel plant, VSP has been the recipient of the ISO 9001, ISO 18001, and the ISO 14000 certifications
• ISO 9001 for Quality Management, ISO 180001 for Occupational Health and Safety Management system and ISO 14000 for Environment management
Power Generation as on June 2011
• Total Installed Capacity 176,990.40 MW• Thermal Generation :- 115649.5 MW
(65.34 %)– Coal based Thermal Power - 96,743 MW
(54.7%)– Gas based Thermal Power - 17,706 MW
(10.0%)– Oil based Thermal Power:- 1,199.7
MW (0.67%)• Hydro Generation :- 37,367 MW (21.5 %)• Renewable Energy :- 18,454 MW (10.4 %)
(Wind power 12009 MW, Solar Power etc.)• Nuclear Generation :- (2.7 %)
Power Consumption
• Installed Generation Capacity :- 181.558 GW (as on August 2011)
• Energy shortage up to 8 to 9 %• Annual energy production
– 190 billion kWh in 1986 to– More than 837 billion kWh in
2010.The overall electrification rate
64.5% while 35.5% of the population still live without access to electricity.
Power Growth• Expected to add up to 113 GW of
installed capacity by 2017. • Renewable capacity may increase
from 15.5 GW to 36.0 GW. • Private sector, major capacity
additions – Reliance Power (35 GW),– Adani Power (20 GW),– Lanco Power (15 GW),– ESSAR Energy (12 GW) etc.
POWER REQUIREMENT• Average
Load : 240 MW / 266
MVA•Peak Load :
275 MW / 305 MVA
SOURCES OF POWER
• CAPTIVE POWER PLANT
• STATE ELECTRICITY GRID
• DIESEL GENERATORS
VISAKHAPATNAM STEEL VISAKHAPATNAM STEEL PLANTPLANT
CAPTIVE POWER GENERATION:• Thermal Power :
3x60 + 1x67.5MW• Backpressure
Turbine Gen: 2x7.5MW
• Gas Expn. Turbine Gen.: 2x12 MW
• Total Gen. Capacity: 286.5 MW
OBJECTIVE OF DNW
•TO ENSURE RELIABLE & QUALITY POWER TO PLANT & TOWNSHIP
TO ACHIEVE THIS WE DNW:
• OPERATE, INSPECT & MAINTAIN EHT & HT EQUIPMENT OF MRS, LBSS1, LBSS2, LBSS3, LBSS 4 & CPRS,
• MAINTAIN ALL HT POWER DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT OF OTHER SUB STATIONS,
• CO-ORDINATE WITH AP TRANSCO / EPDCL.
• MONITOR SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF MAJOR SHOPS
• ANALYSE THE BREAKDOWNS AND TAKE NECESSARY CORRECTIVE & PREVENTIVE STEPS TO AVOID RECURRENCE,
POWEPOWER R
REQUIREQUIRMENRMEN
TT OF OF
INDIVIINDIVIDUAL DUAL SHOPSHOP
SS
SHOP Average Demand (MW)
RMHP 2.5
COKE OVENS & COAL CHEMICAL PLANT 22.5
SINTER PLANT 31.5
BLAST FURNACE 24.0
STEEL MELT SHOP & CONT. CASTING M/C
13.6
LIGHT MEDIUM MERCHANT MILL 12.0
WIRE ROD MILL 14.8
MEDIUM MERCHANT STRUCTURAL MILL 11.0
THERMAL POWER PLANT 35.5
AIR SEPARATION PLANT 42.0
CRMP 3.2
COMPRESSOR STATION & CWP 10.5
ENGG. SHOPS 1.0
WATER SUPPLY 1.5
TRAFFIC & OTHERS 3.0
TOWNSHIP 5.0
CONSTRUCTION & EXPANSION 5.5
TOTAL 240.0
220 KV TRANSMISSION
LINES
DISTRIBUTION OF POWER IN VSP
EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGEEXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE
220 kV AC220 kV AC TRANSMISSION LINES TRANSMISSION LINES
HIGH VOLTAGEHIGH VOLTAGE
33 kV AC33 kV AC TOWNSHIP FEEDERSTOWNSHIP FEEDERS
11 kV AC11 kV AC 21 No LBDS’S, HVLC, HVMCC21 No LBDS’S, HVLC, HVMCC
6.6 kV AC6.6 kV AC 7 No LBDS’S, HVLC, HVMCC7 No LBDS’S, HVLC, HVMCC
MEDIUM VOLTAGE ( BELOW 650 V )MEDIUM VOLTAGE ( BELOW 650 V )
415 V AC415 V AC 200 LCSS200 LCSS
240 V AC240 V AC CONTROL & LIGHTING SUPPLYCONTROL & LIGHTING SUPPLY
220 V DC220 V DC CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATIONCONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION
± 24 V DC± 24 V DC CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATIONCONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION
POWER DISTRIBUTION BLOCK DIAGRAMCONNECTED TO VSPSS OF AP TRANSCO GRID FOR IMPORT / EXPORT (SALE) OF
POWER
MAIN RECEIVING STATION (MRS)220KV
LBSS - 3 LBSS - 4 LBSS - 2TOWNSHIP
FEEDER (CPRS)
LBSS - 5
TPP
LBSS - 1RMHP, COCCP, SP,BF,PUMP HOUSE, AUX. AREAS
TPP AUXILIARIES, BF, COCCP, SMS, MILLS, PUMP HOUSES
MMSM LMMM, WRM, ENGG. SHOPS
SMS, BF(AUX.), CRMP, ASP
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AP-TRANSCO GRID
220 KV TRANSMISSION LINES IN VSPMRS
LBSS 3
LBSS 4
LBSS 2
LBSS 1
LBSS 5
8.3
KM
1.6
K
M
2.1
KM
3.4
KM
1.1 KM
70 MW
50 MW
10 MW
50 MW
70 MW
LOAD BLOCK AND STEPDOWN SUB-STATIONS
STATION DESIGNATION AREAS COVERED
LBSS1 (220/11/6.6 kV) RMHP, CO & CCP, Sinter Plant, BF
LBSS2 (220/11/6.6 kV) (220/33 kV)
BF, SMS, ASP, CRMP, Comp. House-1Ladle furnace in SMS
LBSS3 (220/11/11 kV) Medium Merchant Structural Mill
LBSS4 (220/11/11 kV)LMMM, WRM, Aux. Shops, Adm. Building and
Kanithi reservoir pump house.
LBSS5 (220/11&220/11/11kV)
TPP, Plant essential category loads, KBR & Township pump houses & hospital.
MRS (220/33 kV) Plant, Township and construction network.
Substations in VSP
• LBSS – 220kV• LBDS – 11kV & 6.6kV• HVLC – 6.6kV• LCSS – 415V• MCCs – 415V• PDBs – 415 & 240V• LDBs – 240V
LOAD DISTRIBUTION BLOCK DIAGRAMMRS
220 KV
LOAD BLOCK STEPDOWN SUBSTATION(LBSS)
11 / 6.6 KV FEEDERS FROM LBSS TO SHOPS
LOAD BLOCK DISTRIBUTION
SUB-STATION (LBDS)
HIGH VOLTAGE LOAD CENTRE (HVLC)
HIGH VOLTAGE MOTOR CONTROL CENTRE (HVMCC)
LOAD CENTRE STEP-DOWN SUB-STATION (LCSS)
MAJOR EQUIPMENT IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
33/11/6.6 KV TRANSFORMERS : 594 NO.S220KV TRANSFORMERS : 20 NO.SSWITCH BOARDS : 62 NO.S CIRCUIT BREAKERS : 1432 NO’S ISOLATORS : 511 NO’S BUSDUCTS : 376 NO’S PROTECTIVE RELAYS : 4099 NO’S CABLE NET WORK : 750 KM 220 KV OVERHEAD : 41 KM.
TRANSMISSION LINES 220KV TOWERS : 100 NO.S
ESSENTIAL CATEGORY-1 LOADS• EXHAUSTERS IN CO & CCCP• COOLING WATER PUMP HOUSES & OTHER LOADS OF BLAST FURNACE
STEEL MELT SHOPROLLING MILLSINTAKE PUMP HOUSEKANITHI BALANCING RESERVOIR PUMP HOUSETPP AUXILIARIESTOWNSHIP PUMP HOUSE HOSPITAL
EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY SOURCES• TPP GENERATOR 11 kV SWITCH BOARD
( Through Cables )• 11 kV SUB STATION IN THAT AREA
TOTAL LOAD 75 MW (Approx)
FREQUENCY BASED ISOLATION OF TPP
TO SAFEGUARD PLANT FROM GRID DISTURBANCES
STAGES OF ISOLATION
STAGE ISOLATION AT FREQUENCY SETTING
df / dt 220 kV 50 Hz , 2 Cycles / sec fall
for 66 mSec Over Frequency 220 kV 51.5 Hz for 0.15 Sec
STAGE-1 220 kV 47.5 Hz for 0.5 Sec
STAGE-2 11 kV 46.9 Hz for 1.0 Sec
STAGE-3 Selected Loads 46.0 Hz for 0.15 Sec From GSB-1
CAPTIVE GENERATION in MW
IMPORT in MW
RMD in MVA
ENERGY IMPORT in MVAH
220 KV Switch Yard at MRS
220 KV ISOLATOR
220 KV CT & PT at LBSS
Voltage Transformers
• Voltage (potential) transformers are used to isolate and step down and accurately reproduce the scaled voltage for the protective device or relay
• VT ratios are typically expressed as primary to secondary; 14400:120, 7200:120
• A 4160:120 VT has a “VTR” of 34.66
VVPP
VVSS
Relay
Current Transformers
• Current transformers are used to step primary system currents to values usable by relays, meters, SCADA, transducers, etc.
• CT ratios are expressed as primary to secondary; 2000:5, 1200:5, 600:5, 300:5
• A 2000:5 CT has a “CTR” of 400
Switchgear Examples
Basic Circuit Breaker• All Switchgear has a metal
enclosure• Metalclad construction
requires 11 gauge steel between sections and main compartments
• Prevents contact with live circuits and propagation of ionized gases in the unlikely event of an internal fault.
• Enclosures are also rated as weather-tight for outdoor use
• Metalclad gear will include shutters to ensure that powered buses are covered at all times, even when a circuit breaker is removed.
Air Magnetic Breakers
SF6 and Vacuum Breakers
220 KV SF6 CB At MRS / LBSS5
Control Panels of a LBSS11 KV – 220 KV -- 6.6 KV
220 KV MOCBAt LBSS 1 /LBSS 2 / LBSS 3 / LBSS 4
220 KV class Transformer at LBSS
Fault Types (Shunt)
Short Circuit Calculation
Fault Types – Single Phase to Ground
X
X
Z
Z
Z
GBC
A
Short Circuit Calculations
Fault Types – Line to Line
X
X
Z
Z
Z
GBC
A
Short Circuit Calculations
Fault Types – Three Phase
Z
Z
Z
GBC
AX
X
X
Transformer Protection
• Overcurrent ProtectionUses current to determine magnitude of fault
• Differential ProtectionWorks on current in equal to current out principle
• Voltage ProtectionUses voltage to infer fault or abnormal condition
• Frequency ProtectionUses frequency of voltage to detect power balance condition
• Power ProtectionUses voltage and current to determine power flow magnitude and direction
• Distance (Impedance) ProtectionUses voltage and current to determine impedance of fault
Protection Zones 1. Generator or Generator-Transformer Units
2. Transformers
3. Buses
4. Lines (transmission and distribution)
5. Utilization equipment (motors, static loads, etc.)
6. Capacitor or reactor (when separately protected)
What Info is Required to Apply
Protection1. One-line diagram of the system or area involved
2. Impedances and connections of power equipment, system frequency, voltage level and phase sequence
3. Existing schemes
4. Operating procedures and practices affecting protection
5. Importance of protection required and maximum allowed clearance times
6. System fault studies
7. Maximum load and system swing limits
8. CTs and VTs locations, connections and ratios
9. Future expansion expectance
10. Any special considerations for application.
Financial Results (approx) (Rs Cr) Oct'11 Nov'11 up to Nov'11C..P.L.Y
Gross sales 1170.03 1031.73 8418.17 6320.47
Net sales 1027.36 907.24 7429.4 5544.79Total Income 1054.51 935.27 7649.97 5844.94
Total Expenditure 914.27 833.2 6815.34 5244.76
Gross Margin 140.24 102.07 834.63 600.18
P.B.T 89.52 61.76 480.64 305.74
P.A.T 60.33 41.33 322.76 192.65
Future Power system of VSP View of 220 kV Outdoor GIS