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DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTRODUCTION
Godrej Vikhroli Properties LLP, a part of the Godrej Industries Ltd., is proposing a
residential and commercial development including office buildings (including the existing
Godrej One building) and a hotel building on land bearing CTS nos. 51(part), 52, 52/1 to 17
of Village Vikhroli, Vikhroli (East) Mumbai. The proposed development will consist of
construction of one IT building with G+11 floors and one basement.
Total Plot Area : 1,38,402 sq.m
FSI Area : 239,281.3 sq.m.
Non FSI Area : 185,993.70 sq.m.
Height : 59.82 m
The proposed number of tenements is 861 and shops is 34. Occupancy is about 27,550 of
which residential users are 4,620, commercial users are 19,138 and retail users are about
2,917. Hotels users are approx. 875.
The proposed project site lies in the N-ward of suburban Mumbai. At present, the land is not
vacant. The existing structures will be demolished before new construction.
An emergency situation in a residential cum commercial complex may be due to manmade
hazards like fire, power outage etc. or due to natural disasters viz. earthquake, flooding etc.
For the preparedness of on-site emergency, the following objectives are taken into
consideration
The objective of a Disaster Management Plan is to ensure effective mitigation plan and best
possible protection of the members of the society during a disaster occurrence.
A hazard is defined as a dangerous condition or events that threaten or have the potential for
causing injury to life or damage to property or the environment is called hazard. Hazards can
be categorized in various ways, but based on the origin, they worldwide are basically grouped
in two broad headings:-
1. Natural Hazards (hazards with meteorological, geological or even biological origin)
2. Unnatural Hazards (hazards with human-caused or technological origin)
Disaster
A disaster is the product of a hazard such as earthquake, flood or windstorm coinciding with
a vulnerable situation, which might include communities, cities or villages. There are two
main components in this definition: hazard and vulnerability. Without vulnerability or hazard
there is no disaster. A disaster occurs when hazards and vulnerability meet.
Importance of Multi-hazard Management Plan
It is apparent that Hazard identification and Risk assessment is done to handle natural
disasters such as floods, cyclones, landslides etc. Also, it cannot ignore man-made disasters.
This Disaster Management Plan is designed as per the present need and the major strategies
to respond to any unexpected situation have also been considered. In the multi-hazard
mitigation plan, all the disasters will be handled properly following the given procedure.
The main features of the Disaster Management Plan are:
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• It gives importance to all the disasters equally and helps to mitigate the situation
beforehand.
• All the line authorities are assigned with their proper role and responsibilities, which are
clearly indicated in this plan.
1. RISK ASSESSMENT AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS
1.1. Classification of Disaster
Disaster can occur at any point of time. It is essential to consider the mitigation plan and
protection for all the society members during occurrence of a disaster. If the society i.e. the
tenants/ residents of the buildings are aware of the actions to be taken during a disaster, then
the effect of disaster can be reduced or avoided.
Following types of natural disaster can occur with a prior indication or without any prior
indication.
Natural Disasters: Natural Disasters occur naturally with or without any prior indication.
a. Earthquake
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This
sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. Building
develops cracks, collapses when the intensity of earthquake is more and prolonged.
Probability of Occurrence: As per the earthquake zonation of India, the proposed site falls
under seismic zone III which is referred as moderate risk zone. Thus the possibility and
severity of the experiencing the earthquake apparently decreases. Although there are no past
records of this disaster in this region, earthquake of intensity between 5.0 and 6.9 on the
Richter scale can occur in Zone III. Accordingly the measures proposed are enumerated in
the section of mitigation and preparedness.
b. Cloud Burst and flood due to heavy rainfall
A cloudburst is an extreme amount of precipitation, sometimes with hail and thunder, which
normally lasts no longer than a few minutes but is capable of creating flood conditions.
Sudden cloudburst can cause a flood to occur. This is one of the natural disasters. During the
thunderstorms, the air mass that goes up from the lower level carries a certain amount of
water in it. Sometimes that air current abruptly stops moving and the water mass falls down
forcefully on the surface of earth. This natural phenomenon is known as cloudburst.
Flooding may occur due to the following reasons
• If the rainwater does get the access to the natural stream or municipal drains
• Delay in water flow from all runoff towards the natural stream like river, nalla (or sea).
• Slow discharge of water
• Flow diversion
• Chocked up drains, nallah, river bed.
The proposed site does not fall in any flood prone areas. Even if heavy rain fall are received,
a well designed storm water drain is proposed as also there is a municipal storm water drain
of adequate capacity.
c. Wind Pressures
Site specific wind speed plays a key role in the determination of wind-induced response of
structures. Numerical simulation studies for this project by means of CFD (Computational
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Fluid Dynamics) were used for predicting the behaviour of wind in and around the proposed
buildings. This analysis was carried out with applications involving fluid structure
interaction. CFD technique was used for determination of wind effects on surrounding due to
the high rise building. The wind speed and its direction were procured from MPCB and they
were used for stimulation using CFD modeling.
After the construction of proposed high rises, reflection and deflection of wind will take place
at the proposed location. Due to this, inversion of air will be observed at different zones. As
per the simulated findings, the inversion zone would have wind speed of about 0.16 – 0.88
m/s. Inversion zone mostly would fall to a distance of 15 – 18m from the building line.
d. Lightning Strike
Lightning can score a direct hit on a highrise building. It can strike the overhead power line
which enters the building, or a main power line that is blocks away. Lightning can strike
branch circuitry wiring in the walls of the building.
Lightning can strike an object nearby, such as a tree or the ground itself and cause a
surge. Voltage surges can be created by cloud to cloud lightning. A highly charged cloud
which passes overhead can also induce a voltage surge.
Buildings are protected from lightning by metallic lightning rods extending to the ground
from a point above the highest part of the roof. A lightning arrester is a device used on
electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and
conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The typical lightning
arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal. The conductor has a pointed edge
on one side and the other side is connected to a long thick copper strip which runs down the
building. The lower end of the strip is properly earthed. When lightning strikes it hits the rod
and current flows down through the copper strip. These rods form a low-resistance path for
the lightning discharge and prevent it from travelling through the structure itself.
Unnatural Disasters: These kinds of disasters generally occur due to human error or
negligence.
e. Fire
Fire is a hazard which is caused mainly due to human negligence. There are other reasons
like electrical short circuit, rain water seepage in electrical installations, gas cylinder
malfunctioning, domestic gas leakage which can cause fire disaster in a residential building.
A full proof fire fighting system is designed for the buildings which meets all fire safety
norms and has a mitigation plan to tackle the fire hazard.
During construction all safety precautions will be taken to handle the fire hazard. During
construction fire can break out due to following reasons:
• Electrical loose connection
• Electrical short circuit
• Storage of Inflammable material like diesel, paint at site
• From cooking gas cylinders at labour hutment
Post Occupancy:
The proposed project is designed with utmost care for all fire safety norms for its residents
and the building as a whole. The normal cause of fire in the proposed project post-occupancy
is LPG cylinders, loose connection to LPG cylinders, electrical short circuit, loose plug tops
used by residents, storage of highly inflammable material like diesel, kerosene by residents,
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fire crackers in festival session etc. The building will be constructed with all fire safety norms
to mitigate such calamities during operation phase of the building. Fire proof material will be
used as per design for various components of the building. Electrical cables and switches will
be IS (Bureau of Indian Standard) certified and will have the minimum fire rating to mitigate
any fire hazard. The cabling and jointing will be done by professional agencies to avoid any
mistake while installation.
f. Building collapse
To protect against building collapse, hardening of the buildings structural systems may be
required. Designers should balance the hardening of the building envelope so that the
columns, walls, windows and glazing have an approximately equal response for damage/
injury. This is a multi disciplinary effort of the architect, structural engineer, mechanical
engineer and other design team members in order to achieve a balance building envelope.
g. Vehicle Accidents
Traffic flow to and within the site needs to be maintained so that there are no obstructions to
existing traffic flow on access roads. Also, road side parking will be avoided. The entry/ exit
to the site will be with adequate curvature at kerbs so that vehicles coming out/ entering the
building do not impinge on road traffic directly. Regular maintenance and upkeep of the
internal roads within project site will ensure smooth traffic flow
h. Security breach
Included in this category are Bomb Threat, riots & vandalism: Bomb threats could be genuine
or false and many a time they turn out to a hoax. Unscrupulous elements with the intention of
creating a panic tend to resort to such hoax calls. Confirmed militants however resort to such
deeds with the intention of destruction and strike terror. It would therefore be prudent to
assess the genuinity of bomb threats. The threats are usually through phone calls, giving very
little time to react or through mail, giving a certain date of an explosion that could occur. It is
very rare that the caller will identify himself and the message sent through any messenger for
fear of easy identification.
i. Malfunctioning of Lifts
Regular maintenance of lifts and other BMS has to be conducted. There should be a specific
Committee appointed for maintaining the systems during the operation phase.
Off-site Hazards
Following are some other types of hazards that may be of concern to the proposed
development for which effective mitigative measures need to be in place:
j. Rail/Air Accidents
k. Nuclear radiation hazards
l. Traffic accidents along the main road artery
m. Biological & Chemical hazard
n. Violence outside the project site
2. MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS
2.1. Possible Emergencies / Scenarios – Internal or External
NATURAL CALAMITIES
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Earthquake
SOCIAL CALAMITIES
Bomb threats
MANMADE EMERGENCIES :
Fire
Gas Leakage from LPG cylinders
EMERGENCY MITIGATION PROCEDURE :
Fire :
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Do’s and Dont’s in case of fire :
- Do not panic
- Shout Fire Fire Fire loudly
- Immediately on hearing the shouts, ascertain the
location and nature of the fire
- Intimate safety warden of the wing
- Wing safety warden to assess the situation and break
manual call point to raise alarm
Ring up & inform the following :
- Security
- Emergency controller
- Incident controller
- Disaster Control Room / MIDC / Fire Dept. / Police
Emergency Mitigation Procedure
If you are a trained fire fighter, assess the situation, if it is
safe, look out for relevant fire extinguisher & extinguish the
fire, without risking own life.
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If you are a trained first aider, wear the visibility badges and
be prepared to attend to causalities.
The emergency controller and the incident controller will
have the security supervisor / guards to assist them to fight
the fire. In addition, the emergency controller will call the
Mumbai Fire Brigade and other help if the emergency is of
graze nature.
Emergency Mitigation Procedures : Evacuation
Safety warden to guide evacuation in an orderly manner
On hearing the siren in other wings the wing safety warden
will guide the occupants for evacuation by following the glow
signage exit routes, as per the guidance given by Incident
controller. Follow fire escape route only.
The emergency exit door and emergency exit route have been
clearly marked with a glow sign
Do not use lift and normal staircase
Do not try to carry any of your belongings along with you
Do care for your visitor’s, take them with you
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Always use the handrails on stairs and do not attempt to pass
others on the stairway.
In case fire is near fire escape / staircase or in the passage,
floor warden will guide the occupants on to the proper route
for evacuation.
Following measures will be taken during construction to avoid fire hazard:
• Training of workers on fire hazards during construction
• Tool box talk to workers on fire hazard and dos and don’ts
• Constant check on electrical connections
• No loose connection
• All plugs should have plug-tops
• ELCBs for all circuits
• Fire extinguishers at site at various location
• Regular check on cooking facilities at labour hutment by project manager
• Separate storage for highly inflammable material like diesel, paint.
Following measures will be taken during operation phase to avoid fire hazard:
To protect the building and the residents from any fire hazard building will be equipped
with any one or combination of following installations.
• Fire Hydrants
• Wet riser
• Primary fire fighting line
• Secondary fire fighting line wherever false ceiling is provided.
• Fire detection and alarm system
• Central fire store
• Separate water tanks of required capacity for fire fighting
• Easy access to fire engine during any fire hazard inside the building premises
• Automatic sprinklers system while smoke is detected (if required).
Number of staircases in buildings and number of fire escape staircases/ lifts –two
staircases and two lifts per building has been provided. One staircase out of the two is a
fire escape staircase. One lift in each core will be provided which will be a fire cum
stretcher lift with a fire man’s switch.
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As the site is located in the well developed Mumbai city, the problem of power outage is
not experienced. Even though the condition occurs, a sufficient back up for DG sets will
be proposed. Disaster due to fire struck may occur for which the mitigation measures are
given in subsequent section.
Emergency Mitigation Procedure : Natural Calamities : EARTHQUAKE
What to do DURING an earthquake?
Drop, Cover, and Hold On! If you are not near a desk or
table, drop to the floor against the interior wall and protect
your head and neck with your arms. Avoid exterior walls,
windows, hanging objects, mirrors, tall furniture, large
appliances, and kitchen cabinets with heavy objects or glass.
Do NOT run outside!
Stop driving if you're in a safe place, and if outside, go into
an open area. Don't attempt to go outside if you're not in a
position to do so--you could be injured by falling debris.
When the earthquake is over, be sure to wear shoes to avoid
broken glass. If you smell gas, turn off the main gas line and
get out of the building. And don't forget--aftershocks do
occur, so don't assume the damage is done after the main
shock has ended
EVACUATION Emergency controller, incident controller and nominated fire safety wardens would play a
similar role as that in case of fire. Immediate evacuation of the building will be absolutely
necessary in major emergencies.
During earthquake following measures should be taken:
• At first few seconds residents should stay calm and open doors for easy access
• After the tremor subsides, Managing Committee shall instruct the residents for safe
evacuation of the building
• Building Lift should not be used and main power supply should be shut
• Intimate the external authorities like Fire Brigade for rescue operation
• Residents who are safe should be moved out of the building to a safer relief location
• If people are buried in debris, relief agencies should be called for safe rescue of the
people
• Arrange for relief and rehabilitation space
• Arrange for medical assistance, food.
• Residents should not drive during earthquake
• Residents should not move closer to any electrical pole or line while evacuation
process
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Measures to be taken during Flood/ Cloudburst
• Managing committee should arrange for safe evacuation of the residents
• Intimate the external authorities as mentioned in this plan
• Managing committee, Building Manager, Security personnel should guide the way
towards safe evacuation of the building.
• Arrange for relief and rehabilitation space
• Arrange for medical assistance, food.
• Residents should not drive during flood
• Residents should not move closer to any electrical pole or line while evacuation
process
• Switch off the main power supply of the building
SOCIAL CALAMITIES :
The following preparedness is recommended to handle bomb
threats :
• Try to identify the caller and take as much information as
possible
• Inform emergency controller to call police and get their
guidance for further action. The local police station to be
intimated immediately on receipt of such calls. The police is
trained to handle such threats and have access to special bomb
detection and disposal squads.
• Human life is most important and on receipt of such threats,
emergency controller will take a call to evacuate the site with
the employees assembling at the site emergency assembly
point. All employees will be clearly informed about the
threats and panic will be minimized.
• Follow the evacuation instruction given by wing safety
warden on public address system.
OTHER EMERGENCIES : GAS LEAK
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Do’s & don’t in case of gas leak :
• If you smell gas, DO not smoke or strike matches or use
mobile phone
• Do not turn electrical switches on or off.
• Do open doors & windows.
• Do keep people away from the affected areas.
• Do close burner and regulator knobs
• If there is a leak from the cylinder, remove the cylinder to a
safer place and call for help from the nearest authorized
dealer.
• Immediately inform the wing warden and follow his
instructions.
• Follow the evacuations given by the wing warden or IC
• Evacuate the building at the earliest
• Emergency controller to inform fire brigade, gas agency for
further guidance and action.
• Return to the building when normalcy is restored by EC and
instructed to do so.
2.2. Inventory of Resources
2.2.1. Medical Equipment
First Aid Kit
• Bandage 15 Nos (Small, Medium and large – 5 each)
• Cotton 10 Pack
• One polythene wash bottle (2 x 500 ml) for washing eyes
• Soframycine ointment
• Dettol A pair of splints (350 mm x 75 mm x 6mm)
2.2.2. External agencies/authorities to be contacted
Following external agencies/authorities should be intimated immediately:
Table 1: List of External Agencies
Sr. No. Particulars Appx. Distance
(km)
Hospitals
1 Godrej Memorial Hospital 1.30
2 Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai Hospital(near
Park site colony)
1.35
3 Nulife Hospital 1.77
4 Sarvoday Hospital 1.51
5 Ashirwad Heart Hospital 1.85
6 Ghatkopar Hindu Sabha Hospital 1.87
Police stations
1 Police stations 1.98
2 Bhatwadi Police station 1.78
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Sr. No. Particulars Appx. Distance
(km)
Fire stations
1 Fire station at Godrej and Boyce 0.09
2 Vikhroli Fire station 0.84
Following external agencies/ locations which may serve as reguge/ rehabilitation camps
should be intimated:
Table 2: List of Agencies/ locations serving as refuge/ rehab camps
Sr.
No
Particulars Appx.
Distance (km)
Educational institutes
1 Udayachal High school 1.11
2 St. Joseph High School 1.89
3 North Bombay Welfare Society High School 1.56
4 Pant Nagar Municipal High School 0.75
5 Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai School (Pant Nagar) 1.10
6 Gurukul College of Commerce 1.90
7 Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College 1.35
8 Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai School (Kapol wadi) 1.61
2.2.3. Emergency Procedure
Emergency preparedness plan should be prepared well in advance to handle each emergency
situation and disaster. All relief team members should also be trained well in advance to
tackle the situation.
3. RESPONSE PLAN
This section deals with identification of the Site Disaster Manager for handling disasters with
clearly enumerated functions
3.1. Line of Authority
To tackle the both type of disasters it is important to form a team of line authority who will
take charge during any disaster occurrence. The line authority will guide and manage the
situation to provide or assist to the residence/society members during the disaster.
Line of authority and their responsibility are defined below:
Table 3: Authority and their Responsibility
Authority Responsibility
Chairman:
Head of Society Managing
Committee
Will lead the society members during disaster to
take actions to protect the residence/tenants
Will contact local Police, Hospital, Fire Brigade ,
NGOs and other relief agencies
Managing Committee:
Members of the society who are
knowledgeable on actions to be
taken during any disaster and
provides helps to Chairman to take
To provide help to the Chairman to decide actions
during disaster
To train and educate the residence/tenants and
rescue team
To supervise the relief and rehabilitation process
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Authority Responsibility
decisions.
Disaster Manager:
He is an independent person
selected by the society Managing
Committee. He is an educate person
with basic training on co-operative
society management with
administrative skills.
Independently handles the relief measures and
rehabilitation process as advised by the managing
committee of the society.
Will coordinate with external agencies as advised by
the Chairman.
Security Staff:
They are building security staff
engaged by the society managing
committee.
Are trained on Dos and Don’ts during a disaster.
Will guide the residents/ tenants during disaster
occurrence as directed by the Managing Committee.
Will ensure safety and security of the society
members and belongings during the disaster
4. Control Room
4.1. Control Room for disaster management
Control Room plays an important role in emergency response, rescue and relief. A specific
area has to be earmarked to function as a Control Room for disaster management. A Control
Room responds immediately during an emergency situation and is equipped with State of the
Art communication equipment which enables it to communicate quickly to the affected area
and provide immediate support during the Golden Hour of the disaster. This room should also
consist of announcing system, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors and sensors.
Following is a list of facilities/ utilities that may be provided in the Control Room:
• Reception Room
• Waiting Room
• Display Room
• Facility Management Room (with toilets)
• Rest Room (with toilets)
• Ladies and Gents Toilet Rooms
• Pantry Room
• Electric Room
Apart from the above mentioned facilities, additional facilities which may be provided are as
shown below:
• Garden
• Fire Fighting System
• Parking
• Generator
• Security Cabin and main gates
• Electric and Transformed Room
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4.2. Display
• Display proper maps- Telephone nos. of disaster controlling authorities showing Fire
Fighting equipment’s, Refuge floors, Sprinkler System etc.
• Display evacuation plan in times of disaster.
• Prepare & disseminate pamphlets on each disaster for occupants covering Do’s and
Don’ts for each type of disaster.
5. Onset of Disaster
5.1. Actions to be taken during Disaster
Action to be taken during disaster depends on nature of disaster i.e. where prior indication of
disaster occurrence is there and where there is no prior indication and disaster happens all of
a sudden.
First Response Procedure (F.R.P)
Chairman, Managing committee members, Building Manager, Security staff will have to be
quickly responsive to the disaster. It’s important to keep cool and patience during the disaster.
No panic should be created and relief members should understand the gravity and importance
of the situation and guide the residents to a safer place and provide relief.
It is important that Chairman or designated Managing Committee Member intimates all the
external agencies at once about the disaster. Apart from external authorities, internal
authorities like Chairman, Managing committee members, Building Manager, Security staff
should be aware of the situation and relief measures to be taken.
On occurrence of a disaster, the Site Disaster Manager will take the following actions:
• Intimating and give guidance over public address system to the residences about the
disaster.
• Prepare an instant mitigation plan and intimate all concerned.
• Network with State, district and ward level control rooms
• Ensure adequate warning before switching off power
• Guide the residents on safe evacuation process.
• Evacuate the residents to a safer place.
• Assure occupants of continuous communication and take all measures to keep up their
morale.
• Guide occupants on the steps being taken for evacuation in a systematic manner.
• Take steps to Reduce/eliminate panic.
• Liaise with Law & Order machinery
• Intimate all external agencies like Police, Hospital, and Fire Brigade, NGOs about the
likelihood of occurrence and evacuation plan and seek help.
When prior indication is not there and disaster happens all of a sudden following actions will
be taken. At this situation only relief and rehabilitation will have to be done as soon as
possible.
• Take relief measures
• Provide medical help
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• Provide safe access to rehabilitation camp
• Provide food and drinking water
• Intimate all external agencies like Police, Hospital, and Fire Brigade, NGOs about the
evacuation plan well in advance.
6. Preventive Measures
• As per the CFO NOC, regular inspection of the equipment and systems provided to be
carried out.
• Assembly points to be marked and displayed at regular intervals
• Mock drills to be undertaken regularly to train the occupants for emergency.
Following could be suggested to build for Structural and Material Requirement:
Table 4: Suggestions for Structural and Material Requirement
Sr.
No.
Structure/ Material Quantum
(if applicable)
Purpose
1 Perimeter Walls 10’ tall with
fencing
All around the project For access control
2 Perimeter floodlighting Every 75 m For intrusion control
3 Metal Detector gates One per human entry point For access control
4 Hand-held metal detectors Two per entry point For access control
5 Speed breakers along the
vehicle access route/ ramp
Suitably placed Accident prevention
6 Traffic blinker lights At each entry/ exit to
the complex and each car
park entry/ exit and turns
Accident prevention
7 Reflector mirrors at turning
along the vehicle approaches
Each turn and entry/ exit of
the car parks at each level
Accident prevention
8 Fire Extinguishers (Different
types) –CO2 and Foam types
in the parking and a mix of
all types in all the buildings
As per CFO requirement For firefighting
Environment Management Committee An Environment Management Committee consisting of core staff including an environmental
engineer, mechanical/electrical /civil engineer etc. will be set up. This body will oversee,
inspect, co-ordinate and implement the entire environmental aspects of the proposed
residential development. All the members of the Committee will be given specialized
training to take care of operation and maintenance, fire fighting and emergency operations.
Periodically there will be refresher courses to update the preparedness and technology. There
will also be mock rehearsals and regular exercises in the operation of emergency services. It
will be mandatory to provide DG set backup to all Pollution Control Devices.
This Committee will meet at least once in a month and consider all issues affecting the
environment. It will inspect the works frequently and take quick decisions to correct them.
The Committee will consider the short-comings in all situations and take immediate actions
to implement remedial actions at once. The Members would take immediate action to
mitigate any mismanagement.