Design of Accident Detection and Alert
System for Motor Cycles
Presented By,Guided By,
Althaf ANishadha S G
S7 CSEAsst.Professor
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CONTENTS
• Abstract.
• Introduction.
• System Layout.
• System Implementation.
• Hardware Architecture.
• Software Architecture.
• Flowchart.
• Conclusion.
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ABSTRACT
• Detect accident.
• 3 parameters - Acceleration / Deceleration
Tilt of the Vehicle
Pressure change / Impact
• Coordinates of the vehicle – GPS Technology.
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INTRODUCTION
• Millions of vehicles are being produced annually.
• The accident rates are also getting significantly increased .
• Every second waiting for the medical help can cost the victims their life.
• Self automated electronic system will be more reliable.
• Explicitly designed for motorcycles.
• The hardware part is implemented on a motorcycle and the software part in a tablet/mobile phone etc….
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SYSTEM LAYOUT
• Small embedded unit fitted in the safest position
• Identifies the current location.
• An alert message send to emergency services and relatives .
• Emergency switch .
• Alarm and a flashing light
Detecting the
Accident
Finding the coordinate
s
Sending the
required info
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SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
• Accelerometer and an impact sensor are used here in order to detect the plausibility of an accident.
• Tilt meter is also used to find the inclination of the motorcycle
• GPS to detect the location of the accident
• Alert message is send through GSM network (using SIM300).
• Modules and other parts of the system are centrally controlled using a micro controller.
Satellite
Two Wheeler Friends/
Relatives
Nearest medical Centre
Police Station
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Hardware Architecture
• Triple axis accelerometer MMA7341
• Measure deceleration.
• Low power and profile .Also includes a sleep mode.
• Output only in the x-axis which is the running direction is used in this system .
• Tilt meter.
• Measure Inclination.
• Simple pendulum tilt meter.
• Can be replaced using a mercury tilt meter which will be smaller than a thumb.
.
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Hardware Architecture Contd..
• Flexible piezo film sensor.
• used for measuring the physical impact.
• 3 grams .
• Has a good sensitivity of 10mV/g.
• Has a frequency range of 1Hz to 20 kHz .
• Can survive a shock up to 1000g (g=9.8m/s2).
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GPS Module
• High gain GTPA006 module that uses NMEA0183 GPS technology.
• Is a standalone GPS Module and requires no external settings or components.
• An ultra high sensitive and smart antenna GPS module.
• Embedded with GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna.
• Enables high performance navigation in most stringent applications and solid fix even in harsh GPS visibility environments.
• The two main data that we get from the GPS module are-
• current date and time based on Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
• our current position coordinate in terms of latitude and longitude.
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GSM SIM300
• The SIM300 is a all in one GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz.
• The physical interface to the mobile application is made through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides all hardware interfaces between the module and customers’ boards except the RF antenna interface.
• The keypad and SPI LCD interface will give you the flexibility to develop customized applications.
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Software Architecture and Decision making Algorithm
• Software solution used is divided into three sub parts
• Detection of accident based on an algorithm.
• Snipping out a specific section from the stream of data output from the GPS module.
• Formatting and sending of alert message consisting of current location and pre-stored vehicle information.
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Flowchart
Motorcycle Starts
Send Message + LocationPut-On Alarm and
Flashlight
GPS Input
Piezo Sensor Impact > 60N
Accelerometer acceleration
>60g
Emergency Switch
Tilt > 60o
NO
YES
YES
YES
ON
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PROTOTYPE DESIGN
• The MMA7431 and Piezo film sensor give analog voltage outputs corresponding to the deceleration and impact.
• A deceleration above 2.5g is not likely to occur during a normal bike ride.
• An output of 2.8V is obtained from the accelerometer.
• A comparator circuit with a reference voltage of 2.8V is used to detect this.
• A similar method is followed for the impact sensor
• The reference voltage set to 1V.
• Corresponding to a force of 100g.
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• The tilt meter output is a digital signal and is directly interfaced to the micro controller.
• When the accident is confirmed, the controller talks to GPS module through the UART communication at 9600 baud rate.
• The GSM module also works via the UART at the same baud rate as that of GPS
• The communication is initiated via AT commands.
• GPS and GSM are operated with a single UART channel in the micro controller.
• Power for all the devices is taken from the vehicle battery.
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PROTOTYPE TESTING AND DISCUSSION
• The prototype is implemented on a tricycle
• Tested for various scenarios like normal breaking, sudden breaking and collisions.
• Observed that the alert message is send only during collision scenarios as expected.
• The alert message received on the mobile phone is shown
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CHALLENGES FACED
• Deceleration.
• Impact value.
• Safety of the System.
• Positioning of sensor.
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SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS
• The deceleration in the remaining directions(y and z axis).
• An intermediate dedicated system server placed between the GSM device and end clients.
• Send out a voice message along with the text.
• Dedicated network.`
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CONCLUSION
• Proves the feasibility of implementing automatic accident alert system for motorcycles.
• Accident information reached the emergency services within seconds
• Significantly improve the time gap for rescue operation and save the lives of huge number of victims
• Should be a well structured 'system in place', to support this endeavour.
• Should be a central node which accepts the alert message and take necessary action.
• Coordination between this central node and other services like ambulance, police force, hospitals and other medical facilities, social forms etc. is also necessary.
• System has a lot of potential to improve the accident rescue operations and with better resources and innovations
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REFERENCES
• [1]. Victor Olugbemiga Matthews and Emmanuel Adetiba; Vehicle Accident Alert and Locator (VAAL); International Journal of Electrical &
• Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 02
• [2]. Scott J. Weiner; Feasibility of a 802.11 VANET Based Car Accident Alert System;
• Northeastern University
• [3]. Road Accidents In India 2009 – Government of India, Ministry of road transport and highways, transport research wing, New Delhi
• [4] K. Shiraram, K.V. Kalligudd, “Development and Demonstration of a GPS/GSM Based Affordable Fleet Management System for Indian Roadways”[Online], Available:liu.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:22123 /FULLTEXT01.pdf
• [5]Megan Bayly, Brian Fildes, Michael Regan, Kristie Young , “Review of crash effectiveness of Intelligent Transport Systems” Project No. 027763 – TRACE
• [6]B. Huang and J. Preston, “A Literature Review on Motorcycle Collisions”, Transport Studies Unit Oxford University April 2004
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THANK YOU