Download - Day1 slides
Leadership Development Program
The Leadership Network
http://leadershipnetwork.mu
Today’s Agenda
• Welcome
• Ice-breaker
• Session 1 – Leadership (overview)
• Break
• Session 2 – Citizenship
• Lunch
• Root cause analysis & Group project
Activity
ICE BREAKER
Our Expectations
• Participate
• Read
• Think
• Take „Personal‟ Notes
4
Looking at the Future
• How do you see yourself in 15-20 years?
• What would you LIKE your personal and
professional situation to be?
• Who will take you there?
5
PRESENTATION
Session 1 - Agenda
1. Definition of Leadership
2. Leadership & Change
3. Technical & Adaptive changes
4. Transformational / Transactional
Leadership
5. Leadership-Follower dynamic
Journal note - 1
• My understanding of leadership at this
point in time…
• Names that are uppermost in my mind
when I think of great leadership?
Brainstorming
• What do we mean by leadership?
• What is the goal of leadership?
• Do we have a common understanding?
• What names come to mind when we
think of great leadership?
What is leadership?
• Leadership is motivating, mobilizing,
directing people to collaboratively
pursue a shared vision that
produces positive transformation
• Leadership is an ethical process, an
activity
• Why ethical?
The Goal of Leadership
• The goal of leadership is to mobilise
oneself and/or others to change in a
positive and sustainable manner
• Sustainability will depend on our ability
to grow other leaders
• REAL leaders continue to influence
even in their absence
• Effective self-leadership is the
foundation of great leadership
• People follow you because of who you
are
• “If leaders are to be successful, they
must first lead themselves.” (John Maxwell)
Self-Leadership
Self-leadership
• Leadership has to do with
–Doing („savoir faire‟)
–Learning
–Becoming
–Being („savoir être‟)
• We need to be prepared to embark
on an inner journey
Leadership and status
• Leadership is an activity not a status
• Leadership is exercised at all levels of the
organisation (and of society) – not just at
the top
• Leadership is not to be confused with being
the boss, the head, the manager, the
rector, the minister, the prime minister etc
– These titles only indicate authority/power
• Servant leadership
Leadership v/s Authority
• Authority, influence and power are
critical tools
• But they do not define leadership
Democratization of
Leadership
• From an elitist paradigm in which
leadership resided in a person, to a
new one in which leadership is a
collective process that is spread
throughout networks of people.
Leader-Follower Dynamic
Good leaders
• Trustworthy
• Honest
• Committed
• Innovative
• Competent
• Courageous
• Take initiatives
Good followers
• Trustworthy
• Honest
• Committed
• Innovative
• Competent
• Courageous
• Take initiatives
• Great followers produce great leaders…
• Great leaders produce great followers
Activity
YOUR VISION
Looking at the Future
• How do you see Mauritius in 15-20
years?
• What would you LIKE to see ?
• What changes do you wish
• At country level
• In your organisation
• In the way people behave
20
Looking at the Future
• Make a list of 8-10 wishes / changes (5
min)
• Form teams of 10-12 people
• Group the wishes under
Themes/Headings (20 min)
• (eg. Education, Behaviour, Health, etc)
• Submit lists
21
Looking at the Future
• Submit lists on normal paper (3-4 pages)
• Education
• Xx
• Xx
• Behaviour
• Xx
• xx
• Transport
• xxx 22
PRESENTATION
• Great followers produce great leaders…
• Great leaders produce great followers
• Transformational leadership
espouses a relationship between
leaders and followers in which each
transforms the other.
Transformational
Leadership
Leaders transform followers,
helping them to become leaders
themselves
Both are deeply involved in the
dance of change
Transformational
Leadership
• The aim of leadership is to transform
leaders and followers into better, more
self-actualized people
• The process involves leaders and
followers raising one another to higher
levels of motivation and morality
Transformational
Leadership
Transformational
v.s
Transactional Leadership
• Transactional leadership involves
power wielders engaged in a politics of
exchange
• more interested in satisfying their
own purposes than in the
aspirations of their followers
Leadership is redundant if the goal
is to maintain status quo.
Is the absence of required change
an evidence of leadership failure? –
Leadership for social
change
Leadership for social
change
• Change is the ultimate goal of the
creative process of leadership – to
make a better society / a better world
or simply to live a better life
Technical
Problems
• Tire puncture
• Fused bulb
• Bone fracture
• Short-sightedness
Adaptive
Challenges
• Severe heart condition
• Drug addiction
• High failure rate
• High crime rate
• Corruption
Leadership for social
change
Need to differentiate between
• Technical problems
• Adaptive challenges
Leadership for social
change
• Technical problems: solutions are
known to the relevant experts /
authorities
• No specific effort required from
those affected
Leadership for social
change
• Adaptive challenges: requiring
collaborative and innovative
approaches, and changes in people‟s
priorities, beliefs, lifestyles, learning
AND effective leadership
–With risks of failure / losses
Leadership for social
change
• Leadership is a relational and ethical
process of people together attempting
to accomplish positive change
– focus on values and authentic
relationships
• What are some of these values?
THE MODEL
CHANGE
Society / Community Values Individual Values
Group Values
• Consciousness of Self
• Congruence • Commitment
• Collaboration
• Common Purpose
• Controversy
with Civility
• Citizenship
Key Leadership Values
• Citizenship
• Collaboration
• Common Purpose
• Controversy with Civility
• Consciousness of self
• Congruence
• Commitment
The Model
Why do we need a
model?
• A guide
• A common understanding
• A yardstick
Journal note - 2
• In what way has your understanding of
leadership changed after the first session?
• How will this change in understanding
affect our future behaviour as leaders?
• Names that are uppermost in my mind
when I think of great leadership?
–
Differences between Management and Leadership?
Management Leadership
Focus: current priorities Initiating change
Working in the systems Working on systems
Reacting Creating opportunities
Controlling risks Innovating
Enforcing rules Formulating new rules
Following directions Providing vision/direction
Controlling people Motivating people
Coordinating activities Growing other leaders
Giving instructions Coaching 42
Quick Recap
• Leadership as an ethical process
• Leading ourselves
• Leadership & authority
• Leader-follower dynamic
• Transformational leadership
• Technical / Adaptive problems
• Values-driven leadership model
Session 2
Citizenship
Objectives of Session 2
• By the end of this session participants will demonstrate a clear understanding of the following concepts:
– Good and Active Citizenship
– Ubuntu
– Social capital
– Bonding
– Bridging
WHAT IS CITIZENSHIP?
Citizenship
• Citizenship is a nebulous concept,
often associated only with
government, political parties, voting,
and political organizations.
Active Citizenship
• Active citizenship involves working to
make a difference in the civic life of
our communities
• And developing the combination of
knowledge, skills and values and
motivation to make that difference
Why do we get involved?
• Personal connection with the social
issue
• Enjoying connection with others while
working together
• Recognizing that helping others
ultimately helps oneself
Why do we get involved?
• Recognizing the interconnected
nature of problems
–a good education benefits
individuals as well as society
• Experiencing a deep satisfaction from
being involved in making a difference
for something that truly matters
Why do we get involved?
• Being involved in a purpose greater
than self
–Being a teacher to help children,
being a lawyer to protect people‟s
rights, being a journalist to reveal
the truth.. .
Citizenship
• Democracy refers to people working
together so that communities can
function
Citizenship
• Citizenship means more than
membership; it implies active
engagement of the individual and the
leadership group in an effort to serve
the community.
Community
• What are the communities you feel
part of?
• How can you be active citizens of
these communities?
Community
• A community is a group of people
who have some defined trait or
circumstance that binds them
together
Community
• Citizenship centers on active
community participation as a result
of a sense of responsibility to the
communities in which we live.
Leadership for social
change
• Leadership requires an awareness
that problems affect not only others
but also ourselves directly or
indirectly
Ubuntu – South African Concept
My humanity is caught up, is
inextricably bound up in yours – a
person is a person through other
persons – one belongs to a
greater whole and is diminished
when others are humiliated or
diminished
Leadership for social
change
• Change should be preceded by an in-
depth understanding of root causes
and of the underlying systemic issues
• Leadership implies intentionality – the
change is not random
Citizenship
• Absence of citizenship
• Passive citizenship
• Good citizenship
• Active citizenship
Active Citizenship through
• direct service
• community research
• advocacy and education
• capacity building
• political involvement
• socially responsible personal and professional behavior
• Active participation in associations
“Bonding” and “Bridging”
Social capital is about the value of
social networks,
bonding similar people and
bridging between diverse people,
with norms of reciprocity.
Recap
• Active citizenship
• Community
• Bonding
• Bridging
Activity
Role-Play
Good/active and
Bad Citizenship
Good/active and Bad
Citizenship
• 4 teams
• Prepare a sketch to demonstrate
Good/Active or Bad Citizenship
• 15 minutes preparation (plus lunch time)
• 5 minute sketch (maximum actors)
• Choose a real-life problem
• Observers 65
LUNCH BREAK
Good/active and Bad
Citizenship
• Debrief
• Observers
• Participation-all or minority active?
• How was the problem chosen?
• How were the actors chosen?
• How were disagreements managed?
• Interesting to observe?
67
Discussion
• Why is citizenship one of key values of leadership?
• How do the ideas discussed apply to educational institutions and business organisations?
“Change will not come if we wait for
some other person or some other
time. We are the ones we've been
waiting for. We are the change that
we seek.”
Barack Obama
Change
This in turn could have changed the nation and I could indeed have changed the world…
When I was young, I wanted to change the world.
I found this difficult, so I tried to change my nation.
When I couldn‟t do this, I began to focus on my town.
This too proved a daunting task, so as a middle-aged man, I tried to change my family, in vain.
Now as an old man, I realize the only thing I can change is myself.
Suddenly, it became clear that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have had an impact on my family.
My family and I could have made an impact on our town.
„Be the change that you wish to see in the world.‟
Mahatma Gandhi
Activity
ROKEACH SURVEY
APPROACH TO CHANGE
Root-Cause Analysis
73
What is Social Change?
• Not charity and shallow volunteerism
–Charity - risk of creating dependencies
–Focus on root causes of problems
–Focus on building relationships and
collaboration with others (including the
„victims‟)
THE FISHBONE DIAGRAM
75
THE FISHBONE DIAGRAM
76
5 x WHY? - EXAMPLE
Known criminals are not arrested
77
Activity
Group Work
Group Work
• 4 Groups, 20 minutes
• 1 Theme (changes identified earlier)
• Collect all changes/problems mentioned
• Identify problems precisely
• Choose 1 main problem
• Work on Root Causes
• 1 Note-taker / Presenter : findings 79
DISCUSSION
Group Work
• Main problem identified
• Root Causes identified
• Do you have enough info?
• Did you find THE solution to the
problem?
• Technical or Adaptive problem?
81
QUESTIONS
FEEDBACK ON THE
SESSION
THANK YOU