Download - Dankook lecture III: Expressionism
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Introduction to Modern Art and Culture Lecture III
Fauvism and Expressionism
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expression – Emotions as shown through bodily gesture; the communication (in visual image, speech or writing) of beliefs or opinions. The verb form is, to express. ‘He expressed himself clearly.’
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• Claude Monet, Haystacks, 1890’s• Impressionism
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Georges Seurat, Can-Can, 1889-90Neo-Impressionism
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Paul Cezanne, Grand Bathers, 18898-1905Post-Impressionism
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Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night, 1889Post-impressionism
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Van Gogh, The Sower, 1888
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Japanese print by Hiroshige and Van Gogh painting
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The Artist Bedroom, 1889
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Van Gogh, Church at Anvers, 1890
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Paul Gauguin, Self-Portrait, 1890Post-impressionism
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Gauguin, Vision of the Sermon of the Mount, 1888
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Gauguin, 1892
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Gauguin, Nevermorehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQu1RMIkg3c
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Tahitian Scuplture of Fertility God
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Douanier Rousseau, Sleeping Gipsy, 1897
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Rousseau, 1891
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authentic - Being genuine; original; the real thing. Having a claimed and verifiable origin or authorship; not counterfeit or copied.
creative – having the ability or power to produce with originality or novelty and expressive power. He was an extremely creative person. creativity – The capacity or power to create. Productivity with originality or novelty and expression; imagination; newness. This typically requires being comfortable with making mistakes and not being in fully conscious control of what one is doing. Her work showed great creativity.
free-play – Improvisation in thought and action. ‘The tutor encouraged the students to explore the free-play of their imaginations.’
improvisation – a presentation made without planning, or a spontaneous creative act. ‘The tutor encouraged improvisation as a way of image-making.’
intuition - The act or faculty of knowing or sensing without the use of rational processes; immediate cognition. It is often related to unconscious thought processes. In the studying, making and appreciation of art, intuition is a vital but little understood factor.
‘She used her intuition while planning her work’
irrational – without the faculty of reason; deprived of reason;
magic – Various beliefs often related to religion which hold that human life is controlled by non-material forces, and that it is possible through the performance of special rituals to channel these forces in order to influence thoughts, behaviour and events in the past, present and future.
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sensuality - Excessive devotion to delights of the senses — physical, especially sexual gratification rather than spiritual or intellectual pleasures; worldliness.
spiritual - Describing a non-material and transcendent reality that is often related to religious practice, and which is usually considered to be of more significance than material reality. Many artists, especially those pursuing abstraction, have been concerned with this dimension to existence.
subjectivity - Expression of the individuality or personal point of view of someone. ‘The work communicated a powerful feeling of the subjectivity of the artist.’
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Primitivism - In general, a belief in the value of what is simple and unsophisticated. In art, it refers to a broad movement away from traditions associated with Western classicism at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century. This was motivated by the wish to criticize the negative impact of modernization on life in the developed world, and reflects a desire to return to the values expressed by societies before industrialization. A particular point of reference were the artifacts produced by non-Western cultures that were being encountered through colonization, such as in Africa and the South Pacific. Post-Impressionism, Expressionism and Abstract art often display the characteristics of primitivism, by emphasizing intuition, expression, emotionalism, the irrational, the spiritual, and the subjective. Works appeared by conventional standards to be to be unfinished, distorted, gestural, and to use unnaturalistic colours. Today, the term is considered to depend on a Eurocentric world-view, and is therefore used only to refer to a tendency in Western culture during a specific historical period.
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Expressionism
• 1. French Expressionism
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Fauvism - The name Fauves, French for "Wild Beasts," was given to artists working in this style because it was felt that they used strong non-naturalistic colours in a violent, uncontrolled way. Important Fauves were Henri Matisse (French, 1869-1954) and André Derain (French, 1880-1954).
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Henri Matisse, Joy of Living, 1906
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Henri Matisse, Bathers, 1905
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Henri Matisse, Fauvist painting, 1905
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Henri Matisse, Portrait of Mrs. Matisse, 1906
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Henri Matisse, The Red Room
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André Derain, Fauvist Landscape, 1905
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André Derain, Fauvist landscape, 1906
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Expressionism
• 2. Northern European Expressionism
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Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
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Edvard Munch
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Munch paintings
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Die Brucke or Die Brücke or The Bridge - A group of German Expressionist artists based in Dresden and Berlin between 1905 and 1913, mostly painters. They painted landscapes, nudes, and carnival performers in strong colors and broad forms. Die Brücke artists include Ernst Kirchner (1880-1938), Erich Heckel (1883-1970), and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (1884-1976), and Emil Nolde (1867-1956), Oscar Kokoschka (Austrian, 1886-1980)
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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, The Street, 1907
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Ernst Ludwig KirchnerLeft: Berlin Street scene, 1908Right: Self-Portrait as a Soldier, 1915
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Kirchner, Berlin Street Scene
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African Tribal Masks
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Emile Nolder, Masks, 1910
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Emile NoldeLeft: Dance of the Golden calf, 1910Right: Crucifixion, 1912
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• Other German Expressionists
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Oscar Kokoschka, The Tempest, 1913-1914
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Max Beckmann, Self Portraits
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Max Beckmann, The Night, 1919http://www.moma.org/audio_file/audio_file/3174/610.mp3
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George Grosz, The City, 1917
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Der Blaue Reiter – Meaning ‘The Blue Rider’ in German; a group of artists based in Munich from 1911 to 1914, mostly expressionist painters. Some of the important members of the group were Wassily Kandinsky (Russian, 1866-1944), Alexei Jawlensky (Russian, 1864-1941;), Gabrielle Münter (1877-1962), Franz Marc (1880-1916), Paul Klee (1879-1940), and August Macke (1887-1914).
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Franz Marc,. Yellow Cow, 1912
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Franz Marc, Animals Fate, 1913
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Wassily Kandinsky, Street Scene, Murmau, 1908
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Kandinsky, Cossacks, 1910-11
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Kandinsky, Abstract Composition, 1912
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Korean Tiger Painting. Left – academic. Right - folk
Korean Folk Painting
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German Expressionist film
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJR9dRgJe3k