Current LOD Trends and Developments in the German Library
LandscapeFelix Ostrowski
@literarymachine
Berlin School of Library and Information Science
Why LOD in Libraries?
Data is "off" the Web!
Data is legally not reusable!
A piece of content or data is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and
redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share-
alike.
http://opendefinition.org/
Data formats are ancient!
?
Workflows are distributed!
Bibliotheksverbund Bayern
Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund
Hessisches Bibliotheks-
informationssystem
Hochschulbibliotheks-
zentrum NRW
Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg
Südwestdeutscher Bibliotheksverbund
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
University Libraries Public Libraries
Data maps naturally to graphs!
Nelson Goodman
Languages of Art
Catherine Z. Elgin
With reference to
reference
Hackett Publishing
Indianapolis
Fact, Fiction, and Forecast
author
author
author
publisher
publisher
location
The Story so far
First steps
Jan. 2010 The CERN Library publishes its book catalog under CC0
Mar. 2010 First German libraries publish bibliographic data under CC0
May 2010 German National Library launches Linked Data Service for authority files
Jun. 2010 Mannheim University Library launches Linked Data Service for bibliographic data
Jul. 2010 hbz launches Linked Data Service for institutional data
First signs of an emerging path
Aug. 2010 SWB publishes Open DataAug. 2010 hbz extends Linked Data Service to
include bibliographic dataNov. 2010 DNB & hbz launch a hub for Linked Data
in cultural heritage institutionsNov. 2011 DINI-AG KIM recommends open data
practices for library dataDec. 2011 BVB & KOBV release catalogue dataJan. 2012 DNB adds bibliographic data to their
Linkd Data Service and switches to CC0
Some examples
DNB Linked Data Service
● Linked Open Data for○ Name Authority○ Subject Headings○ Corporation Authority○ National Bibliography
● Fully integrated into the website● Provides dumps of the entire datasets● No SPARQL endpoint so far
d-nb.info
hbz Linked Data Service
● Assign HTTP URIs to identify libraries and related institutions.
● Deliver information about the institutions in HTML/RDFa and RDF
● Aggregate up-to-date information such as opening-hours directly from the libraries
● Provide editing capabilties to generate RDF (pre-alpha)
lobid.org for Organisations
Linked Data Hub for cultural heritage institutions
● Identification of manifestations by shared URIs
● Resolving of these URIs, returning all associated URIs
● Lookup of URIs by search over other identifiying properties
● Publication of the cross-linkage as Linked Open Data
culturegraph.org
Trends
Licencing and Linking
● CC0 is emerging as the default licence● Data is being reused, e.g. by Wikipedia● The German National Library and four
out of six library networks have begun to publish (Linked) Open Data
● Linkage is increasing, e.g. inbetween the individual services and to DBpedia
● Those Services are more or less experimental and mostly still evolving
Content and Models
● So far, predominantely bibliographic & authority data has been published
● Vocabularies used are not library specific (DC, BIBO, SKOS, ...)
● More specialized vocabularies such as ISBD are gaining traction due to increasing efforts by e.g. the IFLA
● Additional aspects such as holding and availability information are being modelled in DAIA by GBV.
International context
● International trend towards LOD○ Library of Congress○ National Library of Sweden○ British Library○ National Library of Spain
● System Vendors seem to keep working on Walled Gardens○ WorldShare (OCLC)○ Alma (Ex Libris)
What's next
New research policy
In January 2012 the German Research Foundation issued a funding programme for the realignment of regional information services. At the core, this programme is calling for● Web Integration,● Open Interfaces,● Vendor Independence● and Open Licencingin order to enable interoperability with Web-based applications for researchers.
Possible outcome
The Linked Open Data paradigm could become the central organizational and architectural principle of the future German information infrastructure; it puts data "on" the Web, makes it legally reusable, employs standards known beyond the library domain and enables distributed workflows.
Thank you!Questions?