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http://www.ctic.org/media/CoverCrops/CTIC_04_Cover_Crops_report.pdf
Waymen et al. 2016
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Information on management
Germplasm
Variability in performance (FSP; Cavigelli et al. )
hai
ry v
etch
bio
mas
s kg
ha-1
Establishment (engineers, species testing, seed coat technology)
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Establishment (Seedbed prep., machinery, timing, soil conditions)
Growth and Development (Drought/flooding, fertility, weeds, composition)
Termination • (Herbicides, tillage, roller-crimpers, Mowing)
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• Early innovators • More regional species testing • Seed coating technology
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http://mysare.sare.org/mySARE/assocfiles/917698final.pdf
Organic farmer John Myer interseeding cover crops in 1997
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(turbo-till is often used)
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Picture courtesy of David Wilson
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(Charlie Martin’s custom high-boy operation)
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(NY farmer)
http://www.no-tillfarmer.com/pages/Spre/Feature-Rigging-Up-A-Late-Season,-Cover-Crop,-Fertilizer-Solution-10-1-14.php
“New York strip-tiller Donn Branton converted a RoGator into a dual-purpose machine that seeds covers and dry fertilizer into standing corn and soybeans.”
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(Charlie Bares; Rowbot Inc.)
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On-farm trial in Central NY (October 30, 2013)
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-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
cereal rye ryegrass legume mix grass/legumemix
2015 Spring Biomass
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
cereal rye ryegrass legume mix grass/legumemix
kg/h
a b
iom
ass
2014 Fall Biomass
(species*establishment methods)
(colder than average)
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(cereal rye drilled in the fall)
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Post-harvest drilling:
• All species; establishment and survivorship is a challenge
Post-harvest broadcast application: • Depends on if followed by turbo-till (equivalent)
Interseeding: • Surface applied
o Small seeded: Red clover, crimson clover, annual ryegrass, forage radish
• Good seed to soil contact o More flexibility; still needs to be shade tolerant
(annual ryegrass, clovers, vetches, cereals?)
Frost seeding • Red clover
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- Annual conference
- Networking (researchers, ag. professionals, growers)
- Data synthesis
- Define and address knowledge gaps
- Web-based decision support tools
- 1st meeting March 31 - April 1, 2016
Goal: Support and encourage cover crop use in the Northeast
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• Winter hardiness
• Nitrogen fixation
• Soft seed
• Rapid emergence/growth
• High biomass production
• Drought tolerance
• Lower digestibility
• Determinate reproduction
• Shade tolerance