Congress of Vienna
What will become of France & Europe?
The French EmpireHow do you build a lasting peace?
Congress of Vienna 1815
• Leaders of Austria, Prussia, Russia & Great Britain
• Europe wanted long lasting peace– feared more war (French aggression)– Goal: to create a balance of power in Europe
• Congress of Vienna was scheduled to last 4-weeks– it lasted 8 months!
Balance of Power
EuropeanBalance of Power
• Wanted France weaker, not destroyed– Kept original borders from 1790
Goal was to build stronger states near France• German Confederation formed
– out of 39 states
• Switzerland becomes independent
• Other states are strengthened– Netherlands, Italy
Balance of Power
The New “Balanced” Europe
The Final Outcome• Louis XVIII rules France as constitutional monarch
– Brother of Louis XVI– Royal rulers return in Spain & Italy
• Relative Peace: The 5-powers did not wage war on each other until 1853– Some were at peace until World War I (1914)
• Democratic ideas continued to be debated in Europe– Citizens kept the majority of their rights– Old patterns of taxation & justice continued to be challenged– French Revolution changed the “business as usual” attitude of Europe
• Nationalism increased in Europe– Led to rise of Italy & Germany as Nation States– Ideology became increasingly important
French Revolution Success?Impact of Revolution
Test Review Sheet
• Unit Test Friday– Multiple Choice & 1 Short Answer