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CCOMPONENTS &OMPONENTS &
PROGRAMMING OFPROGRAMMING OF
PLCPLC By Nurdiana binti Nordin
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LEARNING OUTCOMESLEARNING OUTCOMESfor lecture today
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Learning outcomesLearning outcomes
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LECTURE CONTENTSLECTURE CONTENTS
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Today’s Lecture Today’s Lecture
Continuation from last weekv Hardware Components of PLC
v PLC Hardware Configurations
v Power Supply
v CPU/Processor
vMemoryvI/O Modules
vProgramming DevicevAdditional/Optional componentsvProgramming of PLC
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PLC HARDWAREPLC HARDWARE
COMPONENTS:COMPONENTS: MEMORY MEMORY
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MemoryMemory
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MemoryMemory
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Factors affecting memory sizeFactors affecting memory size
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PLC HARDWAREPLC HARDWARE
COMPONENTS:COMPONENTS:
INPUT & OUTPUT MODULESINPUT & OUTPUT MODULES
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
Input devices (push
button, limit switches,
various of sensors, etc)
are wired /connected
to the terminal on the
input modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
Output devices
(motor, light, valve,
motor starter, etc)
are wired/connected
to terminal on the
output modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
- I/O modules can be located near the I/O devices
by using Remote I/O hence minimizing wiring
connection.
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
Common voltage rating for DISCREET /I Omodules
Input InterfacesInput Interfaces Output InterfaceOutput Interface
12V/24V AC/DC12V/24V AC/DC 12-48V AC12-48V AC
48V AC/DC48V AC/DC 120V AC120V AC
120V AC120V AC 230V AC230V AC
230V AC/DC230V AC/DC 120V AC120V AC
5V DC5V DC 230V DC/5V DC/230V DC/5V DC/24V DC24V DC
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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Input & Output ModulesInput & Output Modules
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PLC HARDWAREPLC HARDWARE
COMPONENTS:COMPONENTS:
PROGRAMMING DEVICEPROGRAMMING DEVICE
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Programming DevicesProgramming Devices
Also called asProgram Terminal
(PT)
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Programming DevicesProgramming Devices
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Programming DeviceProgramming Device
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PROGRAMMING OF PLCPROGRAMMING OF PLC
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IntroductionIntroduction
qProgramming means: user entersthe control instruction/controlprogram to PLC throughprogramming devices
qqPLC programming is based on basic
logic function stored in processor
(programmable & easily changed)q
qPLC programming languages
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PLC Program ScanPLC Program Scan
- The process that processor readsinput data, execute the control
program, and send output data
for complete cycle operation is
called program scan
- PLC program scan consist of
three stages:
i. input scan
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PLC Program ScanPLC Program Scan
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PLC Program ScanPLC Program Scan
∆ PLC required certain amount of time to execute onecomplete cycle
operation of program scan
∆
∆ Typical scan time : 1 – 25mSec
/perating cycle scan time:epends on
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Logic Control and SequenceLogic Control and Sequence
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I/O devices for Logic Control &I/O devices for Logic Control &
SequenceSequence
Sensor One/ZeroInterpretation
Actuator One/ZeroInterpretation
Limit switch Contact/no contact Motor On/off
Photo detector On/off Control relay Contact/no contact
PB switch On/off Light On/off
Timer On/off Valve Closed/open
Control relay Contact/no contact Clutch Engaged/notengaged
Circuit breaker Contact/no contact Solenoid Energized/not
energized
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Programming of PLCProgramming of PLC
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Basic Gates and BooleanBasic Gates and Boolean
equationsequations Truth table and Boolean equations
vAND gate
vOR gatevNOT gate
vNAND gate
vNOR gate
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Basic Gates and BooleanBasic Gates and Boolean
equationsequations
AND
XOR
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Programming of PLCProgramming of PLC
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PLC Programming LanguagePLC Programming Language
5 types of programming languagesaccording to
IEC 61131-3 (International Standard for
PLC)
i. Ladder diagram (LD) – graphical, discretecontrol
ii. Function block diagram (FBD) – graphical,continuous control iii. Sequential function chart (SFC) – graphical,
sequencing
iv. Instruction list (IL) – textual, discrete control –
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Ladder DiagramLadder Diagram
- Ladder diagram is the most common PLClanguage programming
- Logic input elements and output
components are displayed alonghorizontal line (called rungs) andconnected on two vertical rail
- Logic input elements located to the left
and output element to the far right of each rung
- Power is provided by the two vertical rails
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Ladder DiagramLadder Diagram
- In ladder diagram,logic instructions areexecutes from top tobottom, left to the right
- Logic inputs areconnected in series,parallel or some
combinations to obtaindesired logic
- Use ladder symbols
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Ladder Diagram : SymbolsLadder Diagram : Symbols
( ) ( / / .)Normally open NO contacts switch relay etc
( / / / / .)Output loads motor solenoid valve light etc
( ) ( / / .)Normally open NO contacts switch relay etc
TMR 3s Timer
CTR Counter
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MM Y 2 CENTS Y 2 CENTS
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