Download - COMM 603 Lecture 1
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
1/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Radio Frequency Engineering
Associate Prof. Hany Hammad
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Lecture #1 Contents
Introduction.
What is Radio Frequency Engineering?.
Course Contents.
Introduction to RF and microwave engineering.
Printed transmission lines.
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
2/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Introduction
Course Title:
Radio Frequency Engineering. (COMM 603)
Instructors:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hany Hammad.
Eng. Randa
Course Type:
Requirement for IETCommunications and Electronicsstudents.
Course Schedule:
1 lecture per week.
1 tutorial per week.
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Course Contents Introduction to RF Technologies
Microwave Network Analysis
Transmission Lines
Power dividers and directional couplers
Impedance Matching and Tuning
Microwave Resonators
Lumped elements
RF Filters
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
3/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Communications System block diagram
DemodulatorBPF/IFAmp.
Demodulated
Signal-Information
(low frequency)
ModulatorModulating
Signal-Information
Transmitter
Transmission Medium(Communication Engineering)
Band PassFilter(BPF)
LOLocal
Oscillator
Up-
ConverterPowerAmplifier
Antenna
Band PassFilter(BPF)
LowNoiseAmp.
LOReceiver
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Evolution of RF applications
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
4/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
RF for Smart Homes
RFID System
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
5/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
RFID System
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
RF Filters
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
6/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Dividers & Combiners
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Couplers & Hybrids
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
7/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Microwave amplifier
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Planar Transmission Lines
Microstrip.
Slot Line.
Coplanar waveguide.
Coplanar lines.
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
8/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Advantages of Using planar TLs
They are planar (A planar configuration implies that thecharacteristics of the element can be determined by the
dimensions in a single plane).
They can be fabricated by photolithographic and photoetching processes.
Easily integrated with other passive and active devices.
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Type of planar transmission lines
Microstrip Line Parallel Strips Line
Slot LineCoplanar Waveguide
Coplanar Strips
Conductor
Dielectric
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
9/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Microstrip Transmission Lines
Conductor(Signal)
Conductor(ground)
Dielectric
(substrate)
H-Fields
E-Fields
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
H-Fields
E-Fields
Microstrip Transmission Lines
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
10/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Microstrip Transmission Lines
SubstrateThickness d
MicrostripThickness
Microstrip
Width
Substrate
DielectricConstant
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Microstrip Transmission Lines
Other configurations for microstrip TL
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
11/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Microstrip Transmission Lines
1r
rr
effr
reff 1
eff
p
cv
effok
eff Is function of the dielectric constant, width W, and thickness (d)
Effective Dielectric constant (eff)
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Formulas for Microstrip transmission lines
rr
r
A
A
BBB
e
e
d
W
61.039.0)1ln(
2
1)12ln(1
2
2
8
2
2
d
W
2d
W
rr
rroZA
11.023.0
1
1
2
1
60 roZB
2
377
Given
W
Zo,r & d
Find
W
d
rreeff
121
1
2
1
2
1
444.1ln667.0393.1
120
4
8ln
60
d
W
d
W
d
W
W
d
Z
e
e
o
1d
W
1d
W
Given
W, d, r
Zo& eff
Find
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
12/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Example
Calculate the width and length of a microstrip line for a 50
characteristic impedance and a 90ophase shift at 2.5 GHz. The
substrate thickness is d=0.127 cm, with r=2.20.
1591.1)2.2(
11.023.0
1)2.2(
1)2.2(
2
1)2.2(
60
)50(
A 985.7
)2.2()50(2
377
B
Answer
051.3
126.3
d
W 2
2cmd 127.0 cmW 387.0
87.1)328.0(121
1
2
12.2
2
12.2
e
2103
105.2287.1
2
8
9
l
lklclvloee
cmml 19.20219.0
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Losses in Microstrip Lines
Two types of losses:
Dielectric losses.
Conductor losses.
Np/mk
re
erod
)1(2
tan)1(
Np/mWZ
Ro
sc
2
o
sR Surface resistivity
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
13/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Conductivities of Some Materials
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Dielectric constants & loss tangents of some materials
-
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
14/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
OMM (603) Lecture #1
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Losses in Microstrip Lines
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Dielectric constants & loss tangents of some materials
Commercial Materials come in standard dielectric constantsand thicknesses.
For example:
RogersCorporation provide RT/Duroids.
(http://www.rogerscorporation.com/).
CoorsTechnology (http://www.coorstek.com/)
http://www.rogerscorporation.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.coorstek.com/http://www.rogerscorporation.com/ -
7/24/2019 COMM 603 Lecture 1
15/15
UC (Dr. Hany Hammad) 1/24/20
Dr. Hany Hammad, German University in Cairo
Power Handling Capability
Power handling capability of a microstrip is limited by:
Heating caused because of Ohmic and dielectric losses
Limits the average power of the microstrip line.
Dielectric breakdown.
Limits the peak power.