Download - 現在形(2)...Today’s goal 1. 現在形(be動詞・一般動詞)の 肯定文・否定文・疑問文を作ることができる。2. 疑問詞(what, who, whereなど)の疑問文を
Today’s goal
1. 現在形(be動詞・一般動詞)の
肯定文・否定文・疑問文を作ることができる。
2. 疑問詞(what, who, whereなど)の疑問文を
作ることができる。
3. 命令文
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• 私は13歳(thirteen years old)です。
• 私は日本人(Japanese)です。
• 私はhappyです。
• 私は松戸出身(from Matsudo)です。
• 私は中学生(a junior high school student)です。
How do you say in English?
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• I am thirteen years old.
• I am Japanese.
• I am happy.
• I am from Matsudo.
• I am a junior high school student.
be動詞の役割は?文の要素は?
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否定文は?
be動詞の______ に _______を置く
• I am thirteen years old.
• I am Japanese.
• I am happy.
• I am from Matsudo.
• I am a junior high school student.
主語 (be)動詞 補語
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肯定文と否定文
• You _______ thirteen years old.
• You _______ Japanese.
• You _______ happy.
• You _______ from Matsudo.
• You _______ a junior high school student.
• You _______ an English teacher.
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be動詞は何が入る?
• I ______ 41 years old.
• We ______ happy.
• You ______ a student.
• You ______ students.
• He ______ a musician.
• She ______ kind.
• They ______ Japanese.
主語の人称は?
( _人称×単数)
( _人称×単数)
( _人称×複数)
( _人称×複数)
( _人称×複数)
( _人称×単数)
( _人称×単数)
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主語 補語 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
you a studentYou are a student.
You are not a student.
Are you a student?
Kitty beautifulKitty is
beautiful.Kitty is notbeautiful.
Is Kitty beautiful?
Donald angry Donald is angry.Donald is not
angry.Is Donald
angry?
Maruko and Hiroshi
interestingM&H are
interesting.M&H are notinteresting.
Are M&Hinteresting?
Mickey and Minnie
tired M&M are tired.M&M are not
tired.Are M&M
tired?
Totoroan old animal
Totoro is an old animal.
Totoro is not an old animal.
Is Totoro an old animal?
Jijia young
catJiji is a young
cat.Jiji is not a young cat.
Is Jiji a youngcat?
<解答巻末>10
文の要素は?
• I like baseball.
• I play the guitar.
• I have many books.
• I cook dinner.
※be動詞以外は一般動詞※主語と目的語が = (イコール)ではない
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• I like baseball.
• I play the guitar.
• I have many books.
• I cook dinner.
主語 (一般)動詞 目的語
否定文は?
一般動詞の_____ に _________ を置く
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Make questions
Let’s get the answer from your partner three times!
•Yes, I do.相手にYes, I do.と答えさせる質問をしよう。相手にYes, I do.と先に3回言わせたら勝ち。質問は一問ずつ、交互にすること。
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参考: 瀧沢広人先生
• Do you play baseball?
• Do you play the piano?
• Do you like hamburgers?
• Do you like English?
• Do you watch YouTube?
• Do you have any brothers or sisters?
• Do you have any pets?
• Do you study every day?
• Do you know my name?
• Do you live in 松戸市?
What are your questions?
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Make questions
Let’s get the answer from your partner three times!
•No, I don’t.相手にNo, I don’t.と答えさせる質問をしよう。相手にNo, I don’t.と先に3回言わせたら勝ち。質問は一問ずつ、交互にすること。
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• Do you play table tennis?
• Do you play the violin?
• Do you like natto?
• Do you like English?
• Do you like math?
• Do you have any brothers or sisters?
• Do you have any pets?
• Do you study every day?
• Do you know my hobby?
• Do you live in Tokyo?
What are your questions?
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3単現のs
• He likes baseball.
• He plays the guitar.
• She has many books.
• She cooks dinner.
主語 (一般)動詞 目的語
主語が___人称___数、動詞の時制が_____の場合、一般動詞に _____をつける
※s のつけ方は後述18
否定文は? (3人称単数現在)
• He likes baseball.
• He plays the guitar.
• She has many books.
• She cooks dinner.
一般動詞は______
一般動詞の_____ に __________ を置く
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3単現sのつけ方
普通の一般動詞
-sをつける
comelike
comeslikes
語尾がo,s,x,ch,shで終わる動詞
-esをつける
goteachwatchwash
goesteacheswatcheswashes
語尾が子音字+yで終わる動詞
yをiに変えて-esをつける
studycarry
studiescarries
その他 have has
※出典: 「ハイパー英語教室中学英文法」大岩秀樹・安河内哲也 21
主語 動詞 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
youspeak
JapaneseYou speakJapanese.
You don’t speakJapanese.
Do you speakJapanese?
Yutago to
schoolYuta goes to
school.Yuta doesn’t go
to school.Does Yuta go to
school?
Satsuki and Mei
study English
S&M studyEnglish.
S&M don’tstudy English.
Do S&M study English?
we watch TV We watch TV.We don’t watch
TV.Do we watch
TV?
Mickeymake dinner
Mickey makesdinner.
Mickey doesn’tmake dinner.
Does Mickeymake dinner?
Minniehave an iPhone
Minnie has an iPhone.
Minnie doesn’thave an iPhone.
Does Minniehave an …?
Kikifly in the
skyKiki flies in the
sky.Kiki doesn’t fly
in the sky.Does Kiki fly in
the sky?
<解答巻末>22
Let’s imagine someone.(家族・友人・先生?)
Does he/she study every day?
Yes, he/she does. He/She studies every day.
※He/She studies English every day. など目的語を自分で入れてもOK
No, he/she doesn’t. He/She doesn’t study every day.
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study(動詞Card)
疑問文の作り方と答え方の違いは? (一般動詞)
• Do you like football?
• No, I don’t.
• Does he live in Matsudo?
• Yes, he does.
• あなたはサッカーが好きですか?
• いいえ。
• 彼は松戸に住んでいますか?
• はい。
+ 疑問文の語順
で答えられる
• What do you like?
• I like baseball.
• Where does he live?
• He lives in Matsudo.
• あなたは何が好きですか?
• 私は野球が好きです。
• 彼はどこに住んでいますか?
• 彼は松戸に住んでいます。
で答えられない
+ 主語 +一般動詞 + ?
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疑問文の作り方と答え方の違いは? (be動詞)
• Is she Mako?
• Yes, she is.
• Is he from Matsudo?
• No, he isn’t.
• 彼女はMakoですか?
• はい。
• 彼は松戸出身ですか?
• いいえ。
+ 疑問文の語順
をひっくり返す で答えられる
• Who is she?
• She is Mako.
• Where is he from?
• He is from Funabashi.
• 彼女は誰ですか?
• 彼女はMakoです。
• 彼はどこ出身ですか?
• 彼は船橋出身です。で答えられない
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Ask and answer 疑問詞 questionQ. Where are they?
Take turns.(交代で)Help each other.(お互い助け合い)
英検Card
Q. Who is she?
A. She is his mother/(the boy’s mother).
A. They are in the house.
32
• Where are they / is (s)he?
• They are in the house.
• They are at/in the garden(庭).
• He is at/in the festival(お祭り).
• She is at/in the movie theater(映画館).
• They are at the temple(お寺).
• She is by the river(川のそば).
33
• Who are they / is (s)he?
• They are a family.
• He is a father.
• She is a photographer(写真家).
• He is a shop assistant(店員).
• They are workers (仕事をしている人).
• They are friends.
• They are students.
• She is their daughter(娘).
• They are fishermen(釣り人).
• It is her dog.
1人なら名詞の前にa(n)をつける2人以上なら名詞の後にsをつける
34
• What does she need?
• She needs a tomato.
• What does he want?
• He wants an ice cream.
• What do they like?
• They like movies.
• What does she have?
• She has a camera.
• What does she have?
• She has a computer.
35
命令文(一般動詞)
1. ( ) the window.窓をあけてください。
2. ( ) down.座りなさい。
3. ( ) up, Takeshi.Takeshi, 立ちなさい。
4. Anne, ( ) with me.Anne, 私と一緒に来てください。
5. ( ) the door, please.ドアを閉めてください。
6. Please ( ) your name here.ここに、あなたの名前を書いてください。<解答巻末> 38
( ) …しなさい
命令文(一般動詞) ( ) + 動詞の原形...…してはいけません
1. ( ) ( ) the picture.その絵に触らないでください。
2. ( ) ( ) pictures here.ここでは写真は撮らないでください。
3. ( ) ( ) TV now, Hiro.Hiro, 今はTVを見ないでください。
4. Please ( ) ( ) in school.学校内では走らないでください。
5. ( ) ( ) in this river.この川では泳がないでください。
39
命令文(be動詞)
1. Please ( ) quiet.静かにしてください。
2. Mike, ( ) careful.Mike, 注意しなさい。
3. ( ) good students, boys.君たち、よい生徒でありなさい。
4. ( ) ( ) noisy.うるさくしないで。
5. ( ) ( ) late for school.学校に遅れないで。
6. ( ) ( ) a bad student.悪い生徒になってはいけません。
( ) + ( )…しなさい
40
( ) + 動詞の原形... (一緒に)…しましょう
1. ( ) ( ) to the park.
公園に行きましょう。
Yes, let’s. / Sure. / OK. / All right.
2. ( ) ( ) tennis.
テニスをしましょう。
No, let’s not. Let’s play volleyball.
3. ( ) ( ) to church.
教会に行きましょう。
Yes, let’s. / No, let’s not.
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動詞
be動詞
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
一般動詞
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
I am a student.
You are not a student.
Are you a student?
I like math.
You don’t like math.
Do you like math?主語 + don’t + 一般動詞
Do + 主語 + 一般動詞 + ?
主語 + be動詞(am, are, is)
主語 + be動詞 + not
be動詞 + 主語 + ?
主語 + 一般動詞
現在形
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動詞
be動詞
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
一般動詞
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
He is a student.
He is not a student.
Is he a student?
She has a dog.
She does not have a dog.
Does she have a dog?
主語 + be動詞 + not
be動詞 + 主語 + ?
主語 + be動詞(am, are, is)
主語 + 一般動詞(3単現のsに注意)
現在形
主語 + don’t / doesn’t + 一般動詞(原形)
Do / Does + 主語 + 一般動詞(原形) + ?44
Let’s introduce your family or your friend.
• I have two daughters.• They are elementary school students.• My older daughter always draws pictures.• She likes comic books.• She is quiet and kind.• My younger daughter likes youtube.• She always smiles.• I have an interesting friend.• He has a unique hair style.• He always dances.
45
主語 補語 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
you a studentYou are a student.
You are not a student.
Are you a student?
Kitty beautifulKitty is
beautiful.Kitty is notbeautiful.
Is Kitty beautiful?
Donald angry Donald is angry.Donald is not
angry.Is Donald
angry?
Maruko and Hiroshi
interestingM&H are
interesting.M&H are notinteresting.
Are M&Hinteresting?
Mickey and Minnie
tired M&M are tired.M&M are not
tired.Are M&M
tired?
Totoroan old animal
Totoro is an old animal.
Totoro is not an old animal.
Is Totoro an old animal?
Jijia young
catJiji is a young
cat.Jiji is not a young cat.
Is Jiji a youngcat?
<解答巻末>47
主語 動詞 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
youspeak
JapaneseYou speakJapanese.
You don’t speakJapanese.
Do you speakJapanese?
Yutago to
schoolYuta goes to
school.Yuta doesn’t go
to school.Does Yuta go to
school?
Satsuki and Mei
study English
S&M studyEnglish.
S&M don’tstudy English.
Do S&M study English?
we watch TV We watch TV.We don’t watch
TV.Do we watch
TV?
Mickeymake dinner
Mickey makesdinner.
Mickey doesn’tmake dinner.
Does Mickeymake dinner?
Minniehave an iPhone
Minnie has an iPhone.
Minnie doesn’thave an iPhone.
Does Minniehave an …?
Kikifly in the
skyKiki flies in the
sky.Kiki doesn’t fly
in the sky.Does Kiki fly in
the sky?
<解答巻末>48
命令文(一般動詞) ( )…しなさい動詞の原形
1. ( ) the window.窓をあけてください。
2. ( ) down.座りなさい。
3. ( ) up, Takeshi.Takeshi, 立ちなさい。
4. Anne, ( ) with me.Anne, 私と一緒に来てください。
5. ( ) the door, please.ドアを閉めてください。
6. Please ( ) your name here.ここに、あなたの名前を書いてください。
Open
Sit
Stand
come
Close
write
呼びかけ => コンマ(, )で区切る
文末 => コンマ(, ) + please
<解答巻末> 49