CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY M.A. 4th Semester
Specialization Elective-B
EC-1
Dr. Vijaysen Pandey
PG Department of Psychology
C.M. College , Darbhanga
Unit : 03 Clinical Assessment
Intelligence
Personality
Behavioural
Clinical Judgment
Syllabus
Personality Assessments
Carlos F. Martinez MHA, M.Ed.
Personality is:
Personality includes all the special qualities
people have that make them different from
each other. These include: charm, energy,
disposition, attitude, temperament, cleverness,
and all feelings and behaviors they exhibit.
Personality is:
Personality is the reasonably stable
patterns of thoughts, emotions, and
behavior that distinguish one person
from another.
Personality
What does personality
assessment achieve?
Personality Assessment
Personality Assessment assists counselors in:
Understanding the behavior of a particular individual
Helps counselor come to a conclusion about a possible future course of action
Helps counselor make predictions about a person’s unique future behavior.
Traits, States, and Types
There are three fundamental terms related to
personality
Traits
States
Types
Traits
Personality Traits can be viewed as the
distinguishing characteristics or qualities
possessed by the individual.
Traits are “dimensions” of individual
differences in tendencies to show consistent
patterns of thoughts, feelings and actions.
States
Personality States refer to a temporary
behavioral tendency.
Eg. A student may be described as being in an
anxious state before finals.
Whereas trait refers to an enduring personality
characteristic, state usually refers to a
temporary behavioral tendency.
Personality Types
Personality Types are regarded as a general
description of a person.
Eg. Extroverted/Introverted.
Personality Inventories
Inventories are commonly used to identify the
structure and features of one’s personality, or
one’s characteristic way of thinking, feelings
and behaving.
Examples
A career counselor administers an inventory in order to help a person choose a career.
A psychologist wants to look at symptoms to possibly diagnose a disorder
A school counselor implements inventors to see if a student is suffering from academic problems.
Examples (continued)
An employment counselor uses inventories to
see if an individual meets the right
requirements and performance.
A neurophysiologist administers an inventory
to determine the extent of a possible brain
injury.
Approaches to Personality
Inventory Development
Personality inventories may differ in the
approach by which they are constructed. Four
common approaches to personality inventory
development are Rational, Theory-Based,
Criterion Group, and Factor Analysis.
Rational Approach
Rational Approach is one of the oldest methods of
personality test construction.
Here, we use the use of reason and deductive logic to
construct test items.
Eg. Woodsworth Personal Data Sheet, from 1920,
which contained a 116-item self report in response to
needs for psychiatric screening during the U.S.
entry into WWI.
Theory-Based Approach
This approach is founded on an established theory of
personality, unlike Rational Approach. The
psychodynamic theory of personality is followed and
the unconscious/inner conflicts play a significant
role.
Clients are believed to eventually project or express
unconcious fears, conflicts, or inner needs.
Criterion Group Approach
C.G.A. is an empirical method of personality
test construction that involves selecting items
that can discriminate between relevant
criterion groups and control groups. Control
Groups are usually studied alongside
Criterion Groups to identify items that
distinguish the groups from one another.
References
Butcher, J.N., Hstetler, K. (1990). Abbreviating MMPI Item
Administration. What Can Be Learned From the MMPI for the
MMPI-2? Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, March 1990 Vol. 2. No. 1.12-21
Carlos F. Martinez MHA, M.Ed. carlosFmartinez.com
Thank You!!!