Download - Climate Factors Ppt
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Climate Factors
I love learning about climate factors
Me too! Mr.
Roseen’s class is the best!
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Weather vs. Climate
Weather and Climate are not the same
• Weather - The conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.
• Climate - Average conditions of a certain place over a long period of time
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6 Climate Factors
I. Latitude
II. Altitude
III. Land - Water Relationship
IV. Mountain Barriers
V. Ocean Currents
VI. Prevailing Winds
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Latitude
I. Latitude - Distance north or south of the equator
A. Low - Warm to hot
B. Middle - Seasonal
C. High - Polar (cool to cold)
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*Latitude impacts EVERY PLACE on the Earth*
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Altitude
II. Altitude - Height above sea level
A. In mountain areas, there are major climatic differences from the bottom to the top.
B. As air rises, it loses the ability to hold heat. It gets 1F colder for every 300-400 ft. you go up.
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Altitude
Snow Cap
Sea LevelTree Line
* Altitude impacts if over 5,000 ft*
Burr,
it’s
gettin
g
cold!
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Land-Water Relationship
III. Land-Water Relationship A. A large body of water tends to cause a
mild or moderate climate. (Very little change)
B. A body of water heats up and cools down slower than a land mass
C. Wind assumes the temp. of the surface it passes over and carries that temp. with it. (ex. San Diego)
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Land-Water Relationship
LANDOCEAN
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Mountain Barriers
IV. Mountain Barriers - Cause different climates on opposite sides of mountain.
A. Moisture carrying winds must rise to get over mountains.
B. Air cools as it rises, losing ability to hold water causing rain on the windward side
C. This leaves no moisture for the leeward side creating a desert.
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Mountain Barriers
Ocean
WIND
Rain
WINDWARD SIDELEEWARD SIDE
Dry
Seattle, WA(80 in. Rain per Year)
Cascade Mts5,000 ft.
Spokane, WA12 in. Rain per Year
Less Rain
Less rain
NO RAIN
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Ocean Currents
V. Ocean Currents - Rivers of water that move through the ocean.
A. They assume the temperature of the water that they pass over and carry that temperature.
B. Wind passing over the current must pass near the land mass to have an impact.
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Warm Currents
OCEANLAND
CausesWarmAnd
MoistClimate
(Rain Forest)
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Cold CurrentsOCEAN
LAND
CausesCoolAndDry
Climate
(Desert)
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Prevailing Winds
VI. Prevailing Winds - Winds that blow most often in different parts of the Earth.
A. Wind blows because:1. Air over warm land rises
2. Cooler air moves in from surrounding areas to replace rising air
3. The cool air is heated and process repeats
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*Prevailing wind impacts EVERY PLACE on the
Earth*
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Prevailing Winds
Warm Air Rises
Warm Land Mass
Low Pressure
L
Cool Air Descends
Cool Land Mass or Water
High Pressure
H
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