Cisco Confidential © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1
Cisco SP Wi-Fi One Architecture for Multiple Wi-Fi Opportunities
Brian Kvisgaard
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2
Attractive
Economics
of Offload
Growth in
Mobile Data Lack of
Spectrum
Wi-Fi
Ubiquitous
in Devices
Big Shift
to Indoor
Consumption
High-growth Wi-Fi opportunities
are attracting intense competition
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
Cisco® VNI Forecast research is an ongoing initiative to predict global traffic growth. This study focuses on consumer and
business mobile data traffic and its key drivers.
Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
Global Mobile
Speed Data
Global Forecast
Data
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Ex
ab
yte
s p
er
Mo
nth
Business
Consumer 23.1%
76.9%
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
78% CAGR 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
In 2011, global mobile
data traffic more than
doubled (2.3X growth) for
the fourth year in a row,
despite economic
uncertainty, continued
traffic offload, and the
broader adoption of
tiered pricing.
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
By 2016, 60 percent of mobile users (3 billion people) will belong to the Gigabyte Club, generating more than one gigabyte of mobile data traffic per month. In 2011, 0.5 percent of mobile users belonged to the Gigabyte Club.
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
2016
1.2 GB Traffic/month
2011
92 MB Traffic/month
3 Video Clips
1 Video call
5 Audio tracks
5 App Downloads
10 Video Clips
5 Videos
3 Video calls
50 Audio tracks
10 App Downloads
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
Android Apple Windows Blackberry Proprietary Symbian
Gig
ab
yte
s p
er
Mo
nth
Month 21
Month 20
Month 19
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Exab
yte
s p
er
Mo
nth
Other Portable Devices (2.2%)
M2M (4.7%)
Home Gateways (4.8%)
Non-Smartphones (5.7%)
Tablets (10.0%)
Laptops and Netbooks (24.2%)
Smartphones (48.3%)
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
(Figures in
legend refer
to traffic
share in
2016.)
78% CAGR 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Exab
yte
s p
er
Mo
nth
Mobile VoIP (0.3%)
Mobile Gaming (1.1%)
Mobile File Sharing (3.3%)
Mobile M2M (4.7%)
Mobile Web/Data (20.0%)
Mobile Video (70.5%)
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
(Figures in
legend refer
to traffic
share in
2016.)
78% CAGR 2011–2016
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
In 2011, a 4G
connection generated
2.4 GB/mo, 28X higher
than the 86 MB/mo for
non-4G connections.
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
Attractive
Economics
of Offload
Growth in
Mobile Data Lack of
Spectrum
Wi-Fi
Ubiquitous
in Devices
Big Shift
to Indoor
Consumption
High-growth Wi-Fi opportunities
are attracting intense competition
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13
Spectrum (5MHz vs 10,20 MHz)
Multiple carriers
Efficiency (Bits/Hz, backhaul BW)
3G to HSPA to LTE
Footprint (#cells/m )
Small Cells
3 Dimensions to add capacity
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• Wider band radio
• Coding scheme
• MIMO
• Subframe 10 ms -> 1 ms
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Macro
Consumer
Business Community
Future networks supporting the mobile Internet will need
to integrate smaller cell architectures to scale
2G/3G/4G
Wi-Fi
Femto
• Hierarchical Network Approach
• Macro & Small Cells
• Small Cells can be deployed on Licensed or
Unlicensed spectrum
• Licensed Spectrum (Femto)
• Suited for both Voice & Data
• Leverage exisiting Broadband
connections
• Need careful RF Planning
• Zero Touch for ease of
deployment
• Unlicensed Spectrum (Wi-Fi)
• Low cost silicon
• Ease of deployment
• Uniform Spectrum availability
Worldwide
• High Speed
Small Cells Increase Existing Capacity
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Throughput Low High
QoS
Needs
Low
High
Video
Voice Video
Conferencing
IM email
WebEx
Web
HD
Video
* Femtocell exclusively supports SMS, MMS and circuit voice
Femto
sweet
spot
Wi-Fi
sweet
spot
Femto & Wi-Fi Are Complementary
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18
Attractive
Economics
of Offload
Growth in
Mobile Data Lack of
Spectrum
Wi-Fi
Ubiquitous
in Devices
Big Shift
to Indoor
Consumption
High-growth Wi-Fi opportunities
are attracting intense competition
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19
• Scope & Assumption
• Compare network cost per GigaByte ($/GB) across:
Femto
SP Wi-Fi
Macro Radio network
• For different User types:
Bronze (300MB/month user)
Silver (1.5GB/month user)
Gold (5GB/month user)
• Indoor Scenario
Cisco & ABIresearch Model
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20
• Pre Smartphone Age Busy Hours : Morning & early Evenings
Traffic Type : Voice & Messaging
• Post Smartphone Age Busy Hours : mid to late Evenings
Traffic Type : mobile Data & Video
• Results It is easier to compare network cost between Macro & Micro coverage
Every data byte offloaded via Wi-Fi or Femto will reduce Carrier RAN cost
• Busy Hour Ratio = 7%
Shifting User Behaviour
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• Bronze 300 MB/Month • Little advantage to use macrocells
• Limited benefit on WiFi
• Silver 1,5 GB/month
• Tipping point for macro/WiFi, analysis on cost reccomended
• Gold 5 GB/month
• Cost advantage even if femto/WiFI is fully subsidized.
• Even better business case with amortization.
Monthly Cost of Production
1 Carrier
Indoor/Outdoor
2 Carrier
Indoor/Outdoor
3 Carrier
Indoor/Outdoor
Femto
SP Wi-Fi
Source; ABI/Cisco Cost of Production Analysis
Output: Indoor Economic Model
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Carrier-Grade
Gigaom, Nov 7 2012
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23
Attractive
Economics
of Offload
Growth in
Mobile Data Lack of
Spectrum
Wi-Fi
Ubiquitous
in Devices
Big Shift
to Indoor
Consumption
High-growth Wi-Fi opportunities
are attracting intense competition
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24
• Address Exploding Demand for Wireless Data
- Deliver Wireless Access where Consumer is
- Contain Network Build-out & Spectrum Cost
• Improved Customer Experience Reduced Churn - Improved Wireless Access in more places
• Advertisement/ Subscription Driven - Increased revenue
• Provide Infrastructure and/or Manage Services - Customer owns title to infrastructure; SP manages it
- SP owns & manages infrastructure
MSP Wi-Fi Bus. Models
3/4G Macro Offload
Managed Services
Fixed Line Plant Extension
• Fixed Line Extension/ Replacement - Offering telco services where none existed
- Offering competing services
Customer Retention
Hot Spot
MSP Economic Drivers
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25
B2B
B2SP
B2C
B
Internal value to Service Provider
Service Provider selling to Consumers
Service Provider selling to other Providers
Service Provider selling through other businesses
Cost Savings
Indirect
End-user Access
Services
Federation
Offload
3rd Party
Venue Owners
Retention
Market share
Up-sell Guest access
Voice & Video
Premium hot-
spot
M2M
Concierge
Advertising
University
Stadium
Municipality
Data offload
Offload
wholesale Roaming
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New SP Wi-Fi Features Enabling New Business Models
Managed Wi-Fi
Metro Wi-Fi
Directional Antennas,
EPON connectivity for
outdoor APs
Wi-Fi HotSpot
Passpoint/HS2.0 for
secure public access.
Seamless cellular to Wi-Fi
mobility with PMIPv6
MSE analytics for
device location and
dwell time enable new
mobile services
Special
Offers
Stadium / Large Venue
Based new services
High scale controller
enables services (Wi-Fi
replay, game stats and
scores) for large number
of mobile clients
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 28
Indoor
and outdoor Residential,
multidwelling,
hotspot/SMB,
venue, and metro
Access
Intelligent
Services
Cloud
Mobile
Packet
Core
“Cisco is by far the leading vendor of service provider
Wi-Fi technology, with the broadest product portfolio and
greatest breadth of integration experience…”
Control
and policy
Capacity
and speed
Cisco Prime Management
Carrier-Grade
Source: Heavy Reading: Vol. 9, No. 10, November 2011
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 29
Intelligent
Services Cloud
Internet
Cisco WLC
Management & Provisioning
3G/4G
Mobile Packet
Core Home
Community
Office
Retail Cisco
Access Points
Indoor
Outdoor
Residential
Cisco
ASR
5000
Wi-Fi Cisco ISG
Cisco Prime
Portal & Policy
Cisco Advanced Services – PDI to Solution Assurance to BOT
Cisco Prime
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 30
ClientLink
• Up to 87% throughput improvement
• 20% range increase
• Tested & validated by
Beamforming: focusing RF energy
towards clients
CleanAir
• Automatically mitigate impact of
wireless interference
• Self-healing, optimization
• Network-wide visibility
Silicon-based spectrum analyzer
BandSelect
• Optimizes RF utilization
• Frees up 2.4GHz space for single band
clients
AP-assisted 5Ghz band selection
VideoStream
• Video quality optimization
• Resource reservation and streaming
prioritization
• Reliable multicast
Wireless optimized for video
• Higher user density
Outdoor
1552e & 1552c
1600 series 2600 & 3600
series
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31
Cisco Aironet Indoor 802.11n G2 AP Series
Enterprise Class
1600
Mission Critical
2600
Best in Class
3600
• Up to 300 Mbps per radio
• Seamless Connectivity
• CleanAir Express*
• ClientLink 2.0
• Up to 450 Mbps per radio
• High Client Scalability
• CleanAir
• ClientLink 2.0
• VideoStream
Second Generation 802.11n
• Up to 1.3 Gbps per radio
• High Client Density
• Investment Protection, Future Proof Modularity
• 802.11ac Support
• HD Video, VDI, VideoStream
• Best In Class Security
• CleanAir, ClientLink 2.0
*Available as a Software Update in 2013
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 32
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
CY 2012 CY 2013 CY 2014
First Gen 11ac
Smartphones
and Tablets
(1x1, 2x2)
Broader
11ac client
adoption and
proliferation
Consumer
Class AP’s
Linksys,
NetGear,
D-Link
802.11ac
Module for
AP3600 FCS 11ac WFA Industry
Certification for
Enterprise Class
Interoperability
• Mobile chipsets will be optimized for lower power
consumption to allow 5GHz/11ac support
• Post-iPhone 5 and other smartphones in CY13 will likely be
11ac capable
• Higher powered Tablets will be 11ac enabled in CY13
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33
• A field-upgradable 802.11ac module add-on to the AP3600
• 802.11ac Wave 1 – 5 GHz AP3600 Module
5 GHz radio module
Supporting 802.11a and n clients along with ac clients
1.3 Gbps PHY / ~1 Gbps MAC (throughput)
3 Spatial Streams, 80 MHz, 256 QAM
Explicit Beamforming support as per the 802.11ac standard
• AP3600 maintains dual-band support 2.4 and 5 GHz
Supporting b/g/n on 2.4 GHz and a/ac/n on 5 GHz
• Power requirement with the 802.11ac Module installed
Power draw with 802.11ac Module exceeds 15.4 Watts (802.3af), and will require either:
Enhanced PoE, 802.3at PoE+, Local Supply or Power Injector 4
Target FCS
Q1 CY13
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• Free of charge Opt-in option for Free Telecom DSL/FTTH Subscribers
• 2x public SSIDs (freewifi, freewifi_secure) available on the Residential Gateway (Freebox) in addition to the private SSID
• When user activates the service at Home, he/she can access Internet from any box where the service is enabled
Web Logon Portal
Free Wifi App
Map View Free Wifi App
Automated Logon
SSID environment
WPA2 Entrp.
Community
EAP-SIM
Private SSID
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36
SP Wi-Fi
IP Backhaul
Community
Wi-Fi Internet
Walled Garden
AAA
CAR
SP Wi-Fi Service
Manager
Portal, PCRF DHCP
CNR
BNG
Cisco
iWAG
ASR1K/ASR
5K
CMTS CM
RG
Mobile Packet
Core / EPC Cisco
GGSN
PGW
Roaming
Partners / HLR
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 37
Routing on GRE with
Proxy Binding session
management
Bridging on GRE
L3VPN/PBR on Head
End
Additional DHCP, NS
and RADIUS
Bridging on VLAN
L3VPN/PBR on Head
End
Bridging on SF
TC in DHCP opt60
L3VPN/PBR on CMTS
Aggregation
Model
Infrastructure
Based
Overlay -
Tunnel Based
Cable
Dedicated
Service Flow
FTTH
Dedicated
VLAN
Ethernet
Over GRE PMIPv6
• Other tunneling methods : L2TPv2, IPSEC
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38
Residential
Open SSID
IP VPN
Cisco ISG
ASR1K
Portal AAA
Cable Modem (CM) supports Residential Open Wifi SSID which
is bound to a dedicated DOCSIS Service Flow
Cisco CMTS terminates these Service Flows in a dedicated VPN
Cisco ISG ASR1K provides initial redirection for web
authentication (other authentication are supported; WiSPR…)
and subsequent session management (prepaid, QoS…)
Cisco CMTS is allocated an IP Pool on a centralized DHCP
server which is known by PE routers, IP address is done based
on Option 82 inserted by the CMTS
Internet
CM
DHCP
Cisco PE
router
CM
CM
CM
CM
Cisco CMTS
Cisco CMTS
Residential Open
Service Flow
HSI Service Flow
Cisco CMTS
Infrastructure
Based
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Residential Gateway Support (still limited)
Centralized IP Address Management.
IP Version agnostic
Built-in, Layer 2 mobility (relying on DNA procedure only) across a common domain, assuming single default Gateway
Lightweight Control plane (GRE) for scaling
Lightweight CPE implementation ?
UE
UE
BD
Ethernet transparency
Ethernet over GRE
No Signaling Channel to relay Access/User Specific information to/from network, no end to end session management
Nbr of mac-address + host entries = gating factor
L2 based mobility scaling issue ?
Security issues if not properly implemented
Local IP access difficult
Pros Cons
Analog to a Forked VPLS
design
Overlay -
Tunnel Based
© 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40
Leverages DSMIPv6
client on UE
Not supported on UE
today
Leverages
IPSEC/IKEv2 (IWLAN)
client on UE
Not supported on UE
today
Leverages GTPv1
capabilities in the
Wireless Access
Gateway
Requires Trusted
Access (EAP-SIM)
Leverages PMIPv6 or
GTPv2 capabilities in
the Wireless Access
Gateway
Requires Trusted
Access (EAP-SIM)
Interworking
Model
Infrastructure
Based Client Based
S2a GTPv1 S2b S2c
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GTPv1
Available on existing MPC (well known)
PMIPv6
• Prefix / Subnet addressing support
• Inter-access Mobility support
GTPv1
No Prefix / Subnet Support
No Local Breakout Support
PMIPv6
• EPC is required (or at least a PMIPv6 Gway)
Pros Cons
3G UE
Non-3G UE
PMIPv6 or ETHoGRE
Or L2/L3 Infrastructure
GGSN
PGW
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4G Core
Internet
Portal
GGSN
DHCP
iWAG
ASR1K
GTP
PGW/LMA
3G Core
L3 Connected
AP
AP
L2 Connected
AP
WLC
AP
AAA
Mobile Home Network Policy
Residential WiFi
AP/CPE
AZR L2 Switch
PCRF HLR OCS CGF
Access Network Policy
Gy Gx Ga
Gn’ L3
MAG/sGRE Initiator
RA
DIU
S
SS7 over IP
Intelligent
Wireless
Access
Gateway
Based
on ISG
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4G Core
Internet
Portal
GGSN
DHCP
ASR1K
GTP
PGW/LMA
3G Core
L2 Connected
AP
WLC
AP
AAA
Mobile Home Network Policy
PCRF HLR OCS CGF
Access Network Policy
Gy Gx Ga
Gn’
Features:
• L2 Access & AAA Policy
1. EAP-SIM (via WLC) / FSOL – DHCP
2. EAP-SIM (via ISG) / FSOL – Radius Proxy
3. Web Logon /TAL. FSOL – Unclassified MAC
• GGSN selection via DNS
• Overlapping MNO address support with multiple
SSID
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44
1. Optimization – increases network
capacity and reduce 3G/4G data traffic
overload by offloading traffic with SP
Wi-Fi.
2. Monetization – creates new revenue
streams by taking advantage of
advanced technology that provides
secure delivery of location-based
services to mobile devices
3. Churn Reduction – expand a physical
footprint with a cost-effective Wi-Fi
solution to keep customers on the
service provider network as they move
from home to the train to the office.
3 main Reasons for SP Wi-Fi
Thank you.