© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 1
New Solar Technology ABB’s Advanced Solutions for Solar Plants
Cleiton Silva, Sales & Market Manager, Power Generation
Cigré – Chile. October, 2012.
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 2
Introduction to ABB. Power Generation BU
ABB technologies for solar markets
Photovoltaic Solar technology (PV).
Concentrating Solar Power technology (CSP).
Storage Power technology (SP).
PowerStore-Flywheel System
Additional considerations for solar projects
Worldwide References (PV & CSP)
Table of contents
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 3
135,000 employees in about 100
countries
$38 billion in revenue (2011)
Formed in 1988 merger of Swiss and
Swedish engineering companies
Predecessors founded in 1883 and
1891
Publicly owned company with head
office in Switzerland
NYSE, Zurich and Stockholm stock
markets
ABB: a global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 4
Power Products (PP)
Power Systems (PS)
Discrete and Motion (DM)
Process Automation (PA)
$10.3 billion
35,000
employees
$7.7 billion
19,500
employees
$8.4 billion
27,500
employees
$7.8 billion
28,500
employees
(2011 revenues, consolidated)
Low Voltage Products (LV)
$5.0 billion
21,000
employees
ABB’s PS Division, Power Generation BU:
More than $4 billion worldwide business
Among the “Top 10“ in the power generation
ABB is recognized as market leader and reliable
supplier of main equipment for all power generation
applications
ABB has turnkey capabilities based upon:
Extensive process and system know-how
One of the largest installed bases in the world
How ABB is organized Five Global divisions. Power Generation BU
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 5
Solar plants
Gasturbines /
CCPP
Steam power
plants
Diesel plants
Water
Hydro plants
Nuclear
Waste-to-Energy /
Biomass
ABB. Global power generation Overall scope and applications
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 6
Introduction to ABB. Power Generation BU
ABB technologies for solar markets
Photovoltaic Solar technology (PV).
Concentrating Solar Power technology (CSP).
Storage Power technology (SP).
PowerStore-Flywheel System
Additional considerations for solar projects
Worldwide References (PV & CSP)
Table of contents
Concentrating Solar Power Technology.
Turnkey ABB solution (EPC), with ABB technology.
22 years in the CSP business.
One third of the CSP market (1,160 MW) is running ABB technology.
40 MW installed, 1.100 under negotiation.
PV Photovoltaic Power Technology.
Turnkey ABB solution (EPC / BoS / EBoP) with ABB technology.
400 MW ABB Products.
227 MW installed, 30 MW under erection, 3,125 MW under negotiation.
Battery Storage Power Technology.
Storage option for all solar technologies. Turnkey solution.
60 MW installed, 100 MW under negotiation.
PowerStore-Flywheel System Schematic.
18 MWs spinning reserve for peak demand and load fluctuation. Turnkey solution.
5 MW installed, 20 MW under negotiation.
ABB Technologies Solar power technologies by ABB
BOS EBOP EPC
Panels
Monocryistalline
Thin film
Polycrystalline
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 8
Structures
Fix
1 Axis
2 Axis
Glasshouses
Roof
DC Cabinet Protection and
string monitoring
- DC Cabling
- Protection
- String control
- Tracker control
String composition
DC Cables
DC Cabinet tracker control
Substation
MV Lines
Inverters
Plug & play
Inverters
Concrete building
Switching
Supervisory and
control system
CT
Transformers
MV an LV Swicthgears
Concrete building
Plug & play
Perimetral
vigilance
PV Solar Plants
ABB Inc. North American Region Utility Landscape Interactive Display Slide 9
Low cost turnkey solar boilers based on Fresnel technology
NOVA-1 Solar Boiler
Fixed positioned receiver system (no vacuum insulation)
Direct vaporization of water
Use of 16 primary reflector rows per unit
Continuous tracking of primary reflectors to keep sun focused on receiver
Self moving cleaning machines, allowing 3 day cleaning cycle
Cleaning performance 4,000 m² / hour (14 km/h)
2 millimeter water use per square meter per year (80% less water than Parabolic Trough)
Novatec Solar – CSP Technology for Solar Power Concentrating Solar Power Linear Fresnel technology (CSP)
NOVA-1
Direct saturated steam
285°C – 70 bar
SUPERNOVA
Direct superheated steam
540°C – 140 bar
Land efficiency: for the same installed capacity, 30% less land
than the required by Parabolic Trough
ABB Inc. North American Region Utility Landscape Interactive Display Slide 11
Fully Containerized solutions for ratings up to 4 MW
Transformer contained for < 2.5 MW units and < 22 kV.
External transformer for ratings above that.
Testing for complete PCS prior to shipment to site.
Mobile solution
Minimize install & commissioning time
Reduce transportation costs
Producer – consumer power balance.
Balancing power is a major issue when the share of intermittent
generation increases
Energy Storage Systems contribute to balance and stabilize power
generation and consume of power
DynaPeaQ / SVC Light with Energy Storage > 20MW
Storage power technology Containerized solutions
PowerStore – Flywheel System
Spinning reserve
Grid stabilising
Minimize power output fluctuations
Scalable & Modular
Frequency control
Introducing SYNTHETIC INERTIA
Voltage control
Fault ride through
Grid forming
Unbalanced load supply
Active & Reactive power supply
Frequency and voltage control setup for slow load changes
Load sharing between generators
Automatic dispatch control
Peak shaving
MG
440Vac
60-120Hz
440Vac
50/60Hz
Reactive
Power
Real
Power
Real
Power
Fixed
Frequency
Variable
Frequency
2.9T
1,800 - 3,600 RPM
Virtual
Generator Flywheel
Inverter
PowerStore-Flywheel System Containerized solutions
Performance Data: Net. energy content 18 MWs
Max input/output power 1650 kW
Speed range 1800 to 3600 rpm
Total weight 6000 kg
Rotor weight 2900 kg
Idling losses 10 kW
Greasing frequency 5 years
Bearing service life 8 years
Features:
• Helium filled
• Magnetic support
• Redundant bearings
Magnetic Support
Top Bearing
Top Guard Bearing
Rotating Rectifier
Excitation
Generator
Main Machine
Flywheel
Bottom Bearing
Bottom Guard
Bearing
PowerStore-Flywheel System Containerized solutions
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 14
Typical hourly solar PV production .
Solar PV covers 75% of the maximum power demand spectrum.
25% of storage system is recommended to cover the maximum demand power spectrum.
Hydraulic
Batteries
Solar generation and motor peak demand fluctuation must be compensated.
Fly wheel (18 MWs block ) + storage.
Typical size of equipment
PV Plant: 25 MW solar direct generation
PV plant extension of 5 MW for storage (Min 20% of total).
1 Container of 40” PowerStore Flywheel every 25 MW of PV
5 MW storage (Batteries or Hydraulic) (Min 20% of total)
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PV Cloud Storage Flywheel Power Gen.
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Grid demand Grid Consumption PV generation
Other considerations (Hybrid solutions)
Wind + PV
PV + (CSP & Thermal Storage)
Diesel + PV + Pumping storage
Solar PV Power Solutions. South Africa case.
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 15
Pe = electric power (W)
ρ = fluid density (kg/m³)
ηt = performance of the hydraulic turbine (from 0,75 to 0,94)
ηg = performance of the electric generator (from 0,92 to 0,97)
ηm = mechanical performance of the turbine-generator coupling (from 0,95 to 0.99)
Q = usable flow (m³/s)
H = net head (m)
H = 100 m H = 100 m
Hydraulic Storage example:
Assumptions:
0,5 MW 1,0 MW 5,0 MW 10 MW
Density 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 kg/m3
Gravity 9.81 9.81 9.81 9.81 m/s2
ƞt 0.845 0.845 0.845 0.845 %
ƞg 0.945 0.945 0.945 0.945 %
ƞm 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 %
H 100 100 100 100 m
Q 0.66 1.32 6.6 13,2 m3/s
Pe 0.5015 1.0030 5.0150 10.0301 MW
Volume 2,376 4,752 23,760 47,520 m3
Volume for 0,5 MWh
Volume for 1,0 MWh
Volume for 5,0 MWh
Volume for 10 MWh
Length M 30 40 70 90
Wide M 27 40 70 90
Height M 3 3 5 6
Volume m3 2,430 4,800 24,500 48,600
Diameter M 32 45 80 100
Height m 3 3 5 6
Volum m3 2,413 4,771 25,133 47,124
Equivalent volume for 1 hour:
Solar PV Power hybrid solution. Hydraulic simulation.
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 16
Introduction to ABB. Power Generation BU
ABB technologies for solar markets.
Photovoltaic Solar technology (PV).
Concentrating Solar Power technology (CSP).
Storage Power technology (SP).
PowerStore-Flywheel System
Additional considerations for solar projects
Worldwide References (PV & CSP)
Table of contents
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 17
• PV taps into unlimited, indigenous energy
supply and can make a sizeable contribution
to meet rising power demand
• PV generates power close to consumption,
thus supporting strained grids or enabling
local mini grids. It can be combined well with
other renewable or conventional technologies.
• PV can thus accelerate electrification and
stimulate economic activity, while reducing
import reliance
• High irradiation levels make PV already competitive
compared to diesel generators. In the future, PV will
be highly competitive to all alternatives. Directing
investment into PV now provides a long term source
of energy with low operational cost and enables
domestic industry build up
• PV is a low carbon technology and has an “energy
packback” time of 10-20 months.
It doesn’t need water to operate and has no adverse
impacts on local air quality
Locations and Irradiation data base for mining Sunbelt key benefits of PV addressing.
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 18
Predictivity and dispatchability
Require an evolutionary optimization algorithm based in an Artificial Neural Network used for 24 hours weather forecasting and production estimation.
Accuracy must be better than 5%.
Storage system required (hydraulic, batteries…)
Additional incentives can complement the technology attractiveness (Law 20/20)
Job creation.
PV is the industry than will generate more local jobs in O&M.
Countries with high portion of non-qualified people can employ and qualify this population for basic maintenance (cutting grass, cleaning panels, manual fix structure orientation, painting…)
Require an adaptation over the actual O&M criteria (win to win).
South Africa criteria: megawatt solar farm (8 -10 people)
Certified Emission Reduction (CER).
The CERs are assigned and approved by United Nations and the beneficiary projects are revised per year.
1 CER = 1 ton CO2. equivalent (Conversion CER to KWh depends on the host country energy mix)
Average price for 2011 was 16 €/CER. Estimated demand per year: USA 1.000 M, EU: 210 M, Japan: 250 M
Conversion 1 kWh → 0,64 kg of CO2 (1 c€/KWh). In case of industrial trading demand, 3 c€/kWh
Other consideration to improve PV plants
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 19
Introduction to ABB. Power Generation BU
ABB technologies for solar markets.
Photovoltaic Solar technology (PV).
Concentrating Solar Power technology (CSP).
Storage Power technology (SP).
PowerStore-Flywheel System
Additional considerations for solar projects
Worldwide References (PV & CSP)
Table of contents
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 20
PV PLANTS
More than 30 PV plants (Full EPC)
More than 100 PV plants (ABB products > 400 MWp).
14.4 MWp grid connected in 2008 - 2009.
78.1 MWp grid connected in 2010.
24 PV plants grid connected (> 200 MWp) in 2011.
3,124 MWp under negotiation (6,600 MUSD)
4 countries with consolidated projects (Spain, USA, France, Italy).
38 new countries starting activities & projects.
CSP PLANTS
22 years in the CSP business
One third of the CSP market (1,160MW) is running ABB technology
As DCS, EBoP or supplier, 220MW (4 plants) since 1990 in the SEGS plants in California, and 935MW (16 plants) in the last 4 years alone (in Spain, USA, Algeria and Egypt)
As EPC, 3 plants in operation: PE1 1.4 MW (Spain), PE2 30 MW (Spain), Liddell 9.3 MWth (Australia)
Worldwide References Summary of ABB Solar Plants
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 21
Criteria selection .
Strong reference list.
Strong balance sheet.
To be listed in stock market exchange.
Bankability.
Standard design, fully proved.
Proved acknowledge and experience with grid connectivity.
Local infrastructure.
Local services for O&M.
The EPC company must to combine all technology and efficiency criteria to adapt the customer request to the optimal installation and production scheme.
Construction and Erection Quality in all phases of the project. EPC company selection
© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 22
Thank you!
Cleiton Silva
Sales and Market Manager
Power Generation
+56 9 7987-8968