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Acid, Base and Salts
Introduction
Salts salts are formed by the reaction take place between acid and base.Acid Acids are substance that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution.Base substance that releases OH- ion in aqueous solution.
Acid
The ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals (like calcium) to form salts.
A lower pH means a higher acidity, and thus a higher concentration of positive hydrogen ion in the solution. Chemicals or substances having the property of an acid are said to be acidic.
Acids are sour in taste. Acids are corrosive in nature.
Examples of acid
Base
They are slippery to touch, taste bitter, change the color of indicator red litmus paper blue, react with acids to form salts.
A higher PH means strong base. Value of base starts from 8-14.
This has concentrated of OH- ions.
Examples of base
Salt
Salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.
They are composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge).
Some examples
acid + base salt + water
NaOH + Hcl NaCL + H2O
Types of salts
Name Chemical formula
Sodium chloride NaCl
Magnesium sulfate MgSO4
Potassium iodideKI
Copper sulfateCuSO4
Calcium chlorideCaCl2
Potassium permanganateKMnO4
Sodium acetateCH3COONa
Calcium acetate(CH3COO)2Ca
Sodium nitrateNaNO3
Potassium nitrateKNO3
Aluminium nitrate or Aluminum nitrate
Al(NO3)3
Aluminium sulfate or Aluminum sulfate
Al2(SO4)3
Indicators
Types of salts and their uses
Types of saltsSodium hydroxide.Baking soda.Washing soda.Plaster of paris.
Sodium hydroxide
NaCL + H2O NaOH + CL2 + H2
Uses
Used in processes to make products including plastics, soaps rayon and
textiles. Removal paint. Etching aluminum. Dehorning of cattle. During two steps of the paper making process. Used in relaxers to help straighten hair however this is
becoming less popular because of the possibility of chemical burns.
Baking soda
NaCL + H2O + CO2 + NH3 NH4CL + NaHCo3
Uses Making of cake.Ingredient in antacid.
Washing soda
NaCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
Uses
Remove heavy stains and grease on cottons or linens by soaking in a strong solution of washing soda
Washing soda is a natural alternative to dishwashing liquids.
Washing soda is a natural alternative to dishwashing liquids.
Plaster of paris
Caso4 . 1/2H2O +1 1/2H2O CaSO4 . 2H2O
Uses
1) room interiors 2 ) movie sets 3 ) architecture 4 ) sculptural arts 5 ) medicine
Reference http://www.onegoodthingbyjillee.com/2015/03/39-handy-household-uses-washing-soda.html
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070726022523AAMOrCQ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaster
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_%28chemistry%29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid
Thank you
By
j. vijay soorya