![Page 1: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 9
The Autonomic Nervous System
![Page 2: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our
physiologyBy regulating _________________, & their
smooth muscles & glands
Smooth muscle maintains resting tone in absence of nerve stimulation
Many types of smooth are ________________ & contract rhythmically without ANS input
![Page 3: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
B. Autonomic Neurons
ANS has ____________ in its ___________ pathway
1st neuron (= ___________) has cell body in brain or spinal cord
Fig 9.1
_______________ axon extends from autonomic ganglion to target tissue
![Page 4: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
C. Divisions of the ANS1. 2 DIVISIONS-
sympathetic - ___________________________ parasympathetic- _____________________
characterized by _____________________ which cause Symp to mostly act as a unit (_______ ____________________)
a. sympathetic
![Page 5: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
1. _____________: preganglionics branch to synapse with many postganglionic neurons
Fig 9.3
2. ____________: postganglionics receive synaptic input from large number of preganglionics
![Page 6: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
3. Sympathoadrenal System
The _______________, on top of kidney, appears to be a modified collateral ganglion -modified ______________ release 85% ___________ (Epi) & 15% ______________ (Norepi) into blood in
response to preganglionic stimulationStimulated during mass activation
![Page 7: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
3. Sympathoadrenal System continued
Epi is made by methylating Norepi
Fig 9.8
![Page 8: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Is also called ________________ because long preganglionics originate in midbrain, medulla, pons, & S2 - S4 Synapse on
postganglionic in _________________ located next to or within target organ
Postganglionic has short axon that innervates target
b. parasympathetic__________ innervates heart, lungs, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, small intestine, & upper half of the large intestine
_________________ from S2-4 innervate lower half of large intestine, rectum, urinary & reproductive systems
![Page 9: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
D. ANS Neurotransmitters Both Symp &
Parasymp preganglionics release ACh
Parasymp postganglionics also release ____ Called __________
synapses Most Symp
postganglionics release ________
(noradenaline) Called
___________ synapses
Fig 9.7
para.
Symp.
para.
![Page 10: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1. Adrenergic Stimulation
Causes both _________ & _________ depending on tissue Because of different subtypes of receptors for same NT 2 major subtypes are & _____________ receptors
Each has own subtypes: 1, 2 & 1, 2
![Page 11: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1. Adrenergic Stimulation
useful drugs affect ANS receptors _________
promote NT actions
__________ inhibit NT actions
Fig 9.10
![Page 12: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2. Cholinergic Stimulation
ACh is used at all motor neuron synapses on skeletal muscle, all __________, & Parasymp postganglionics
Cholinergic receptors have 2 subtypes: _____________ which is stimulated by nicotine;
blocked by ___________ ________________which is stimulated by muscarine
(from poisonous mushrooms); blocked by ________________
![Page 13: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Fig 9.11
![Page 14: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
E. Other ANS NTs Some ___________ are do not use _____ or ___
Called nonadrenergic, noncholinergic fibers Appear to use ATP, VIP, or NO as NTs
NO produces smooth muscle relaxation in many tissues
![Page 15: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
F. Organs With Dual Innervation
Most visceral organs receive ______________ (supplied by both Symp & Parasymp)
2 branches are usually ______________, such as their effects on heart rate Can be ________________ (cause similar effects)
such as with salivation Or __________________ (produce different
effects that work together to cause desired effect) such as with __________________
![Page 16: Chapter 9 The Autonomic Nervous System. A. Overview ____________________ (ANS) manages our physiology By regulating _________________, & their smooth](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5697bfc81a28abf838ca844e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
G. Control of the ANS by Higher Brain Centers
________ most directly controls activity of ANS It has centers for control of cardiovascular,
pulmonary, urinary, reproductive, & digestive systems
_______________ has centers for control of body temperature, hunger, & thirst; & can regulate medulla
_______________ is responsible for visceral responses that reflect ____________states
______________ & cerebellum also influence ANS