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CHAPTER 1
THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
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• The study of people, their environments and their resources
• Location
• Place
• Interaction
• Movement
• Region
GEOGRAPHYSection 1
Exploring the World Around us
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LOCATION
• The position of a place on the earth’s surface
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Different Types
• Relative
• Where something is in relation to the things around it.
• Absolute• Exact location• N and S:• Longitude• E and W:• Latitude
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Prime Meridian = 0o
International Dateline =180o
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PLACE
An Area’s Physical & Human Characteristics
Physical:Climate
VegetationAnimals
Human:Population
TransportationCulture
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INTERACTION
• Relationship between people and the environment
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Scenario #1
• People influence the environment
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Scenario #2
• The environment influences people
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MOVEMENT
• The moving of people, goods, and ideas from one area to another
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• Why Move? • Immigration?
• Emigration?
Migration: Movement of People
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• Why trade with other countries?
• RESULT:
• Interdependence
• IMPORTS
• VS
• EXPORTS
Trade: Movement of Goods
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Region: An Area With Distinctive Characteristics
• Is it ever mentioned by another name?
• 3rd World
• Dairy Belt
• Bible Belt
• Frost Belt
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CLIMATE
The average weather of a place over a period of 20-30
years.
Key factors: Location & Elevation
Section 2- Understanding the Physical World
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LOCATION
Arctic
Arctic
Temperate
Temperate Tropical
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ELEVATIONColder
Warmer
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CULTUREAll the things a
person learns that makes up
their entire way
of life.
Grandparents
Parents
Children
Section 3: The Meaning of Culture
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SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
• NUCLEAR:
• Father, mother, children
• Industrial societies
• EXTENDED:
• Grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles, children
• Agricultural societies
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Who Rules the Family?
Matriarchal
Patriarchal
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Customs and Traditions
Society’s rules of behavior
LawsPeer
Pressure
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Language
• Positive:
• The cornerstone of culture
• Negative:
• Creates a great deal of tension
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Arts & Literature
• Teach about a particular culture
• Used to pass along values
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Religion
• Monotheism:
• Worship of one god
• Polytheism:
• Worship more than one god
Christianity
Hinduism
Judaism
Islam
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Government
• Democracy
• Republic
• Dictatorship
• Communism
• Iraq
• Athens, Greece
• Cuba
• United States
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Government
• Democracy
• Republic
• Dictatorship
• Communism
• Iraq
• Athens, Greece
• Cuba
• United States
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Government
• Democracy
• Republic
• Dictatorship
• Communism
• Iraq
• Athens, Greece
• Cuba
• United States
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Government
• Democracy
• Republic
• Dictatorship
• Communism
• Iraq
• Athens, Greece
• Cuba
• United States
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Economic Systems
• Command
• Tradition
• Market
• Mixed
• United States
• Kalahari Bushmen
• Soviet Union
• Village market
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Economic Systems
• Command
• Tradition
• Market
• Mixed
• United States
• Kalahari Bushmen
• Soviet Union
• Rural village
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Economic Systems
• Command
• Tradition
• Market
• Mixed
• United States
• Kalahari Bushmen
• Soviet Union
• Rural village
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Economic Systems
• Command
• Tradition
• Market
• Mixed
• United States
• Kalahari Bushmen
• Soviet Union
• Rural village
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Social Classes
Way in which cultures rank
people in terms of their
importance.
Social Mobility: Moving from one social class to another
MoneyLand
EducationAncestory
Occupation
Definition: How Done?
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HOW DOES CULTURE CHANGE?HOW DOES CULTURE CHANGE?
CAUSES:
Technology
Changing Environment
New Ideas
Diffusion
Section 4
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UNDERSTANDING OTHER UNDERSTANDING OTHER CULTURESCULTURES
Why is it so difficult?Why is it so difficult?
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RACISM
The belief that one group or culture is superior to another.
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ETHNOCENTRISM
Judging other cultures by one’s own standards.
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What does society need?
Appreciation of cultural diversity
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